The Effects of Radiation and Emitted Light Transport on the Positional Response of 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) Detectors

Noey, Jordan D.; Xiao, Jeffery B.; DiFulvio, Angela; Sulieman, Noor A.; Carmona, Marco A.; Chung, Long Kiu; El-Amir, Issa N.; Frank, Samuel J.; Liu, Kevin; Schiefer, Kai; Seekamp, James M.; Sosa, Charles S.; Trimas, David J.; Vyas, Archan P.; Kearfott, Kimberlee J.

doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001051

Title: The Effects of Radiation and Emitted Light Transport on the Positional Response of 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) Detectors

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Abstract

Experiments were performed with 30 11 cm x 42.5 x cm 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) detectors to better understand their positional response. Spectra were collected using 0.02 to 0.15 MBq point sources of ²⁴¹Am, ¹³⁷Cs, ⁶⁰Co, and ¹³³Ba positioned on lines parallel and perpendicular to the long axis of the crystal along both the narrow and wide detector faces as well as at different distances from them. A greater density of positions was sampled at the ends of the detector, and repeated measurements were made to examine potential gain drifts during the experiment. Spectroscopic peak counts, spectroscopic pulse heights, and net counts were analyzed. Empirical equations were fit to the aforementioned data for each specific source energy as a function of source position. In addition, a Monte Carlo radiation transport code was used to simulate the expected positionally variable response based solely upon radiation absorption. The simulated radiation transport efficiency functions were compared to the experimental data. The effects of the geometric radiation efficiency, the attenuation and scattering of emitted light within the scintillation crystal, and combined effects such as non-uniformity of the photomultiplier tube photocathode response and crystal irregularities were then distinguished. Functions describing each effect were derived. The resultsmore »« less

Authors:

Noey, Jordan D. ^[1]; Xiao, Jeffery B. ^[1]; DiFulvio, Angela ^[1]; Sulieman, Noor A. ^[1]; Carmona, Marco A. ^[1]; Chung, Long Kiu ^[1]; El-Amir, Issa N. ^[1]; Frank, Samuel J. ^[1]; Liu, Kevin ^[1]; Schiefer, Kai ^[1]; Seekamp, James M. ^[1]; Sosa, Charles S. ^[1]; Trimas, David J. ^[1]; Vyas, Archan P. ^[1]; Kearfott, Kimberlee J. ^[1]

Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences

Publication Date:: Mon Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Nonproliferation and Verification Research and Development (NA-22)

OSTI Identifier:: 1515864

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1616465

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0002534; NA0003920

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Health Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 117; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0017-9078

Publisher:: Health Physics Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE; calibration; detector, radiation; gamma radiation; instrumentation

Citation Formats


                    Noey, Jordan D., Xiao, Jeffery B., DiFulvio, Angela, Sulieman, Noor A., Carmona, Marco A., Chung, Long Kiu, El-Amir, Issa N., Frank, Samuel J., Liu, Kevin, Schiefer, Kai, Seekamp, James M., Sosa, Charles S., Trimas, David J., Vyas, Archan P., and Kearfott, Kimberlee J. The Effects of Radiation and Emitted Light Transport on the Positional Response of 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) Detectors.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001051.

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                    Noey, Jordan D., Xiao, Jeffery B., DiFulvio, Angela, Sulieman, Noor A., Carmona, Marco A., Chung, Long Kiu, El-Amir, Issa N., Frank, Samuel J., Liu, Kevin, Schiefer, Kai, Seekamp, James M., Sosa, Charles S., Trimas, David J., Vyas, Archan P., & Kearfott, Kimberlee J. The Effects of Radiation and Emitted Light Transport on the Positional Response of 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) Detectors.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001051

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                    Noey, Jordan D., Xiao, Jeffery B., DiFulvio, Angela, Sulieman, Noor A., Carmona, Marco A., Chung, Long Kiu, El-Amir, Issa N., Frank, Samuel J., Liu, Kevin, Schiefer, Kai, Seekamp, James M., Sosa, Charles S., Trimas, David J., Vyas, Archan P., and Kearfott, Kimberlee J. Mon .  
"The Effects of Radiation and Emitted Light Transport on the Positional Response of 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) Detectors".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001051.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1515864.

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@article{osti_1515864,

  title        = {The Effects of Radiation and Emitted Light Transport on the Positional Response of 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) Detectors},

  author       = {Noey, Jordan D. and Xiao, Jeffery B. and DiFulvio, Angela and Sulieman, Noor A. and Carmona, Marco A. and Chung, Long Kiu and El-Amir, Issa N. and Frank, Samuel J. and Liu, Kevin and Schiefer, Kai and Seekamp, James M. and Sosa, Charles S. and Trimas, David J. and Vyas, Archan P. and Kearfott, Kimberlee J.},

  abstractNote = {Experiments were performed with 30 11 cm x 42.5 x cm 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) detectors to better understand their positional response. Spectra were collected using 0.02 to 0.15 MBq point sources of 241Am, 137Cs, 60Co, and 133Ba positioned on lines parallel and perpendicular to the long axis of the crystal along both the narrow and wide detector faces as well as at different distances from them. A greater density of positions was sampled at the ends of the detector, and repeated measurements were made to examine potential gain drifts during the experiment. Spectroscopic peak counts, spectroscopic pulse heights, and net counts were analyzed. Empirical equations were fit to the aforementioned data for each specific source energy as a function of source position. In addition, a Monte Carlo radiation transport code was used to simulate the expected positionally variable response based solely upon radiation absorption. The simulated radiation transport efficiency functions were compared to the experimental data. The effects of the geometric radiation efficiency, the attenuation and scattering of emitted light within the scintillation crystal, and combined effects such as non-uniformity of the photomultiplier tube photocathode response and crystal irregularities were then distinguished. Functions describing each effect were derived. The results suggest potential new corrections to data obtained with large scintillation detectors as well as a novel approach to partial positional gamma-ray detection with minimal collimation, given that the energy resolution is within reason for particular photopeaks.},

  doi          = {10.1097/HP.0000000000001051},

  journal      = {Health Physics},

  number       = 4,

  volume       = 117,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Mon Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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