Permafrost Stores a Globally Significant Amount of Mercury
Abstract
Changing climate in northern regions is causing permafrost to thaw with major implications for the global mercury (Hg) cycle. We estimated Hg in permafrost regions based on in situ measurements of sediment total mercury (STHg), soil organic carbon (SOC), and the Hg to carbon ratio (RHgC) combined with maps of soil carbon. We measured a median STHg of 43 ± 30 ng Hg g soil-1 and a median RHgC of 1.6 ± 0.9 μg Hg g C-1, consistent with published results of STHg for tundra soils and 11,000 measurements from 4,926 temperate, nonpermafrost sites in North America and Eurasia. We estimate that the Northern Hemisphere permafrost regions contain 1,656 ± 962 Gg Hg, of which 793 ± 461 Gg Hg is frozen in permafrost. Permafrost soils store nearly twice as much Hg as all other soils, the ocean, and the atmosphere combined, and this Hg is vulnerable to release as permafrost thaws over the next century. Existing estimates greatly underestimate Hg in permafrost soils, indicating a need to reevaluate the role of the Arctic regions in the global Hg cycle.
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- U.S. Geological Survey, Boulder, CO (United States)
- Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
- Mercury Research Lab., Middleton, WI (United States)
- Environmental Service Lab., Broomfield, CO (United States)
- Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK (United States)
- Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong (CUHK), Shatin (Hong Kong)
- Lanzhou Univ. (China)
- Galmont Consulting, Chicago, IL (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1512739
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-17-23053
Journal ID: ISSN 0094-8276
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 89233218CNA000001
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 45; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0094-8276
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Earth Sciences; permafrost; mercury; storage; thawing
Citation Formats
Schuster, Paul F., Schaefer, Kevin M., Aiken, George R., Antweiler, Ronald C., Dewild, John F., Gryziec, Joshua D., Gusmeroli, Alessio, Hugelius, Gustaf, Jafarov, Elchin, Krabbenhoft, David P., Liu, Lin, Herman‐Mercer, Nicole, Mu, Cuicui, Roth, David A., Schaefer, Tim, Striegl, Robert G., Wickland, Kimberly P., and Zhang, Tingjun. Permafrost Stores a Globally Significant Amount of Mercury. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1002/2017GL075571.
Schuster, Paul F., Schaefer, Kevin M., Aiken, George R., Antweiler, Ronald C., Dewild, John F., Gryziec, Joshua D., Gusmeroli, Alessio, Hugelius, Gustaf, Jafarov, Elchin, Krabbenhoft, David P., Liu, Lin, Herman‐Mercer, Nicole, Mu, Cuicui, Roth, David A., Schaefer, Tim, Striegl, Robert G., Wickland, Kimberly P., & Zhang, Tingjun. Permafrost Stores a Globally Significant Amount of Mercury. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075571
Schuster, Paul F., Schaefer, Kevin M., Aiken, George R., Antweiler, Ronald C., Dewild, John F., Gryziec, Joshua D., Gusmeroli, Alessio, Hugelius, Gustaf, Jafarov, Elchin, Krabbenhoft, David P., Liu, Lin, Herman‐Mercer, Nicole, Mu, Cuicui, Roth, David A., Schaefer, Tim, Striegl, Robert G., Wickland, Kimberly P., and Zhang, Tingjun. Mon .
"Permafrost Stores a Globally Significant Amount of Mercury". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075571. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1512739.
@article{osti_1512739,
title = {Permafrost Stores a Globally Significant Amount of Mercury},
author = {Schuster, Paul F. and Schaefer, Kevin M. and Aiken, George R. and Antweiler, Ronald C. and Dewild, John F. and Gryziec, Joshua D. and Gusmeroli, Alessio and Hugelius, Gustaf and Jafarov, Elchin and Krabbenhoft, David P. and Liu, Lin and Herman‐Mercer, Nicole and Mu, Cuicui and Roth, David A. and Schaefer, Tim and Striegl, Robert G. and Wickland, Kimberly P. and Zhang, Tingjun},
abstractNote = {Changing climate in northern regions is causing permafrost to thaw with major implications for the global mercury (Hg) cycle. We estimated Hg in permafrost regions based on in situ measurements of sediment total mercury (STHg), soil organic carbon (SOC), and the Hg to carbon ratio (RHgC) combined with maps of soil carbon. We measured a median STHg of 43 ± 30 ng Hg g soil-1 and a median RHgC of 1.6 ± 0.9 μg Hg g C-1, consistent with published results of STHg for tundra soils and 11,000 measurements from 4,926 temperate, nonpermafrost sites in North America and Eurasia. We estimate that the Northern Hemisphere permafrost regions contain 1,656 ± 962 Gg Hg, of which 793 ± 461 Gg Hg is frozen in permafrost. Permafrost soils store nearly twice as much Hg as all other soils, the ocean, and the atmosphere combined, and this Hg is vulnerable to release as permafrost thaws over the next century. Existing estimates greatly underestimate Hg in permafrost soils, indicating a need to reevaluate the role of the Arctic regions in the global Hg cycle.},
doi = {10.1002/2017GL075571},
journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
number = 3,
volume = 45,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Feb 05 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Mon Feb 05 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: Locations of permafrost coring sites (black circles) and sites from other published studies (red circles) superimposed on a map of permafrost regions.
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