Controlling for Survey Effort Is Worth the Effort: Comparing Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Habitat Use Between Standardized and Opportunistic Photographic-Identification Surveys

McBride-Kebert, Shauna; Taylor, Jessica S.; Lyn, Heidi; Moore, Frank R.; Sacco, Donald F.; Kar, Bandana; Kuczaj, II, Stan A.

doi:10.1578/AM.45.1.2019.21

Title: Controlling for Survey Effort Is Worth the Effort: Comparing Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Habitat Use Between Standardized and Opportunistic Photographic-Identification Surveys

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Abstract

Although opportunistic data collected from wildlife ecotours can provide useful information on marine mammal distribution and behavior, concerns exist about whether resultant analyses have diminished accuracy due to spatial bias. To address these concerns, this study compared common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) habitat use results derived from standardized boat-based photographic-identification surveys and opportunistic photographic-identification surveys conducted during wildlife ecotours in Roanoke Sound, North Carolina. The main objectives of this study were to (1) identify areas of importance to dolphins, (2) identify activities (feed, mill, social, and travel) most often observed in these areas, and (3) determine the consistency of habitat use results between standardized and opportunistic surveys. Standardized survey hot spots for feeding and travel were located in southern Roanoke Sound according to the hot spot (Getis-Ord Gi*) spatial statistic. Conversely, opportunistic survey hot spots for feeding and travel were detected in central Roanoke Sound near the wildlife ecotour launch site. Opportunistic survey effort was concentrated around the ecotour launch site which introduced spatial bias by overestimating dolphin density in this area. These hot spot location differences between survey methods indicate that opportunistic survey results are affected by spatial bias which can lead to inaccurate conclusions about dolphin habitat use.more »« less

Authors:

McBride-Kebert, Shauna ^[1]; Taylor, Jessica S. ^[2]; Lyn, Heidi ^[3]; Moore, Frank R. ^[4]; Sacco, Donald F. ^[4];

^[5]; Kuczaj, II, Stan A. ^[4]

Chicago's Zoological Society's Sarasota Dolphin Research Program c/o Mote Marine Lab., Sarasota, FL (United States); Univ. of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS (United States)
Outer Banks Center for Dolphin Research, Kill Devil Hills, NC (United States)
Univ. of South Alabama, Mobile, AL (United States)
Univ. of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1512516

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Aquatic Mammals

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 45; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0167-5427

Publisher:: European Association for Aquatic Mammals (EAAM)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; habitat utilization; marine mammal distribution; platform of opportunity; presence-only data; spatial bias; cetacean; hot spot (Getis-Ord Gi*) spatial statistic

Citation Formats


                    McBride-Kebert, Shauna, Taylor, Jessica S., Lyn, Heidi, Moore, Frank R., Sacco, Donald F., Kar, Bandana, and Kuczaj, II, Stan A. Controlling for Survey Effort Is Worth the Effort: Comparing Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Habitat Use Between Standardized and Opportunistic Photographic-Identification Surveys.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1578/AM.45.1.2019.21.

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                    McBride-Kebert, Shauna, Taylor, Jessica S., Lyn, Heidi, Moore, Frank R., Sacco, Donald F., Kar, Bandana, & Kuczaj, II, Stan A. Controlling for Survey Effort Is Worth the Effort: Comparing Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Habitat Use Between Standardized and Opportunistic Photographic-Identification Surveys.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1578/AM.45.1.2019.21

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                    McBride-Kebert, Shauna, Taylor, Jessica S., Lyn, Heidi, Moore, Frank R., Sacco, Donald F., Kar, Bandana, and Kuczaj, II, Stan A. Fri .  
"Controlling for Survey Effort Is Worth the Effort: Comparing Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Habitat Use Between Standardized and Opportunistic Photographic-Identification Surveys".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1578/AM.45.1.2019.21.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1512516.

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@article{osti_1512516,

  title        = {Controlling for Survey Effort Is Worth the Effort: Comparing Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Habitat Use Between Standardized and Opportunistic Photographic-Identification Surveys},

  author       = {McBride-Kebert, Shauna and Taylor, Jessica S. and Lyn, Heidi and Moore, Frank R. and Sacco, Donald F. and Kar, Bandana and Kuczaj, II, Stan A.},

  abstractNote = {Although opportunistic data collected from wildlife ecotours can provide useful information on marine mammal distribution and behavior, concerns exist about whether resultant analyses have diminished accuracy due to spatial bias. To address these concerns, this study compared common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) habitat use results derived from standardized boat-based photographic-identification surveys and opportunistic photographic-identification surveys conducted during wildlife ecotours in Roanoke Sound, North Carolina. The main objectives of this study were to (1) identify areas of importance to dolphins, (2) identify activities (feed, mill, social, and travel) most often observed in these areas, and (3) determine the consistency of habitat use results between standardized and opportunistic surveys. Standardized survey hot spots for feeding and travel were located in southern Roanoke Sound according to the hot spot (Getis-Ord Gi*) spatial statistic. Conversely, opportunistic survey hot spots for feeding and travel were detected in central Roanoke Sound near the wildlife ecotour launch site. Opportunistic survey effort was concentrated around the ecotour launch site which introduced spatial bias by overestimating dolphin density in this area. These hot spot location differences between survey methods indicate that opportunistic survey results are affected by spatial bias which can lead to inaccurate conclusions about dolphin habitat use. Hot spot results of standardized data without survey effort supported the conclusion that spatial bias affected opportunistic habitat use results. Furthermore this study provides a direct comparison of standardized and opportunistic datasets and demonstrates the importance of controlling for survey effort when examining marine mammal distribution and habitat use.},

  doi          = {10.1578/AM.45.1.2019.21},

  journal      = {Aquatic Mammals},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 45,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

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