An ultrafast symmetry switch in a Weyl semimetal
Abstract
Topological quantum materials exhibit fascinating properties with important applications for dissipationless electronics and fault-tolerant quantum computers. Manipulating the topological invariants in these materials would allow the development of topological switching applications analogous to switching of transistors. Lattice strain provides the most natural means of tuning these topological invariants because it directly modifies the electron–ion interactions and potentially alters the underlying crystalline symmetry on which the topological properties depend. However, conventional means of applying strain through heteroepitaxial lattice mismatch and dislocations are not extendable to controllable time-varying protocols, which are required in transistors. Integration into a functional device requires the ability to go beyond the robust, topologically protected properties of materials and to manipulate the topology at high speeds. Here in this paper we use crystallographic measurements by relativistic electron diffraction to demonstrate that terahertz light pulses can be used to induce terahertz-frequency interlayer shear strain with large strain amplitude in the Weyl semimetal WTe2, leading to a topologically distinct metastable phase. Separate nonlinear optical measurements indicate that this transition is associated with a symmetry change to a centrosymmetric, topologically trivial phase. We further show that such shear strain provides an ultrafast, energy-efficient way of inducing robust, well separated Weyl pointsmore »
- Authors:
-
more »
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Geballe Lab. for Advanced Materials; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science (SIMES)
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science (SIMES)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
- Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States). National High Magnetic Field Lab. (MagLab) and Dept. of Physics
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science (SIMES); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE); Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Applied Physics
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science (SIMES); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE); Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1492730
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature (London)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Nature (London); Journal Volume: 565; Journal Issue: 7737; Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Sie, Edbert J., Nyby, Clara M., Pemmaraju, C. D., Park, Su Ji, Shen, Xiaozhe, Yang, Jie, Hoffmann, Matthias C., Ofori-Okai, B. K., Li, Renkai, Reid, Alexander H., Weathersby, Stephen, Mannebach, Ehren, Finney, Nathan, Rhodes, Daniel, Chenet, Daniel, Antony, Abhinandan, Balicas, Luis, Hone, James, Devereaux, Thomas P., Heinz, Tony F., Wang, Xijie, and Lindenberg, Aaron M. An ultrafast symmetry switch in a Weyl semimetal. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0809-4.
Sie, Edbert J., Nyby, Clara M., Pemmaraju, C. D., Park, Su Ji, Shen, Xiaozhe, Yang, Jie, Hoffmann, Matthias C., Ofori-Okai, B. K., Li, Renkai, Reid, Alexander H., Weathersby, Stephen, Mannebach, Ehren, Finney, Nathan, Rhodes, Daniel, Chenet, Daniel, Antony, Abhinandan, Balicas, Luis, Hone, James, Devereaux, Thomas P., Heinz, Tony F., Wang, Xijie, & Lindenberg, Aaron M. An ultrafast symmetry switch in a Weyl semimetal. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0809-4
Sie, Edbert J., Nyby, Clara M., Pemmaraju, C. D., Park, Su Ji, Shen, Xiaozhe, Yang, Jie, Hoffmann, Matthias C., Ofori-Okai, B. K., Li, Renkai, Reid, Alexander H., Weathersby, Stephen, Mannebach, Ehren, Finney, Nathan, Rhodes, Daniel, Chenet, Daniel, Antony, Abhinandan, Balicas, Luis, Hone, James, Devereaux, Thomas P., Heinz, Tony F., Wang, Xijie, and Lindenberg, Aaron M. Wed .
"An ultrafast symmetry switch in a Weyl semimetal". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0809-4. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1492730.
@article{osti_1492730,
title = {An ultrafast symmetry switch in a Weyl semimetal},
author = {Sie, Edbert J. and Nyby, Clara M. and Pemmaraju, C. D. and Park, Su Ji and Shen, Xiaozhe and Yang, Jie and Hoffmann, Matthias C. and Ofori-Okai, B. K. and Li, Renkai and Reid, Alexander H. and Weathersby, Stephen and Mannebach, Ehren and Finney, Nathan and Rhodes, Daniel and Chenet, Daniel and Antony, Abhinandan and Balicas, Luis and Hone, James and Devereaux, Thomas P. and Heinz, Tony F. and Wang, Xijie and Lindenberg, Aaron M.},
abstractNote = {Topological quantum materials exhibit fascinating properties with important applications for dissipationless electronics and fault-tolerant quantum computers. Manipulating the topological invariants in these materials would allow the development of topological switching applications analogous to switching of transistors. Lattice strain provides the most natural means of tuning these topological invariants because it directly modifies the electron–ion interactions and potentially alters the underlying crystalline symmetry on which the topological properties depend. However, conventional means of applying strain through heteroepitaxial lattice mismatch and dislocations are not extendable to controllable time-varying protocols, which are required in transistors. Integration into a functional device requires the ability to go beyond the robust, topologically protected properties of materials and to manipulate the topology at high speeds. Here in this paper we use crystallographic measurements by relativistic electron diffraction to demonstrate that terahertz light pulses can be used to induce terahertz-frequency interlayer shear strain with large strain amplitude in the Weyl semimetal WTe2, leading to a topologically distinct metastable phase. Separate nonlinear optical measurements indicate that this transition is associated with a symmetry change to a centrosymmetric, topologically trivial phase. We further show that such shear strain provides an ultrafast, energy-efficient way of inducing robust, well separated Weyl points or of annihilating all Weyl points of opposite chirality. This work demonstrates possibilities for ultrafast manipulation of the topological properties of solids and for the development of a topological switch operating at terahertz frequencies.},
doi = {10.1038/s41586-018-0809-4},
journal = {Nature (London)},
number = 7737,
volume = 565,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 02 00:00:00 EST 2019},
month = {Wed Jan 02 00:00:00 EST 2019}
}
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