Magneto-ionic control of magnetism using a solid-state proton pump
Abstract
Voltage-gated ion transport as a means of manipulating magnetism electrically could enable ultralow-power memory, logic and sensor technologies. Earlier work made use of electric-field-driven O2– displacement to modulate magnetism in thin films by controlling interfacial or bulk oxidation states. However, elevated temperatures are required and chemical and structural changes lead to irreversibility and device degradation. Here we show reversible and non-destructive toggling of magnetic anisotropy at room temperature using a small gate voltage through H+ pumping in all-solid-state heterostructures. We achieve 90° magnetization switching by H+ insertion at a Co/GdOx interface, with no degradation in magnetic properties after >2,000 cycles. We then demonstrate reversible anisotropy gating by hydrogen loading in Pd/Co/Pd heterostructures, making metal–metal interfaces susceptible to voltage control. The hydrogen storage metals Pd and Pt are high spin–orbit coupling materials commonly used to generate perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, and spin–orbit torques in ferromagnet/heavy-metal heterostructures. Furthermore, our work provides a platform for voltage-controlled spin–orbitronics.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[3];
[1]
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1491150
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-210856-2019-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 1476-1122
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012704
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1476-1122
- Publisher:
- Springer Nature - Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Citation Formats
Tan, Aik Jun, Huang, Mantao, Avci, Can Onur, Büttner, Felix, Mann, Maxwell, Hu, Wen, Mazzoli, Claudio, Wilkins, Stuart, Tuller, Harry L., and Beach, Geoffrey S. D. Magneto-ionic control of magnetism using a solid-state proton pump. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41563-018-0211-5.
Tan, Aik Jun, Huang, Mantao, Avci, Can Onur, Büttner, Felix, Mann, Maxwell, Hu, Wen, Mazzoli, Claudio, Wilkins, Stuart, Tuller, Harry L., & Beach, Geoffrey S. D. Magneto-ionic control of magnetism using a solid-state proton pump. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0211-5
Tan, Aik Jun, Huang, Mantao, Avci, Can Onur, Büttner, Felix, Mann, Maxwell, Hu, Wen, Mazzoli, Claudio, Wilkins, Stuart, Tuller, Harry L., and Beach, Geoffrey S. D. Mon .
"Magneto-ionic control of magnetism using a solid-state proton pump". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0211-5. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1491150.
@article{osti_1491150,
title = {Magneto-ionic control of magnetism using a solid-state proton pump},
author = {Tan, Aik Jun and Huang, Mantao and Avci, Can Onur and Büttner, Felix and Mann, Maxwell and Hu, Wen and Mazzoli, Claudio and Wilkins, Stuart and Tuller, Harry L. and Beach, Geoffrey S. D.},
abstractNote = {Voltage-gated ion transport as a means of manipulating magnetism electrically could enable ultralow-power memory, logic and sensor technologies. Earlier work made use of electric-field-driven O2– displacement to modulate magnetism in thin films by controlling interfacial or bulk oxidation states. However, elevated temperatures are required and chemical and structural changes lead to irreversibility and device degradation. Here we show reversible and non-destructive toggling of magnetic anisotropy at room temperature using a small gate voltage through H+ pumping in all-solid-state heterostructures. We achieve 90° magnetization switching by H+ insertion at a Co/GdOx interface, with no degradation in magnetic properties after >2,000 cycles. We then demonstrate reversible anisotropy gating by hydrogen loading in Pd/Co/Pd heterostructures, making metal–metal interfaces susceptible to voltage control. The hydrogen storage metals Pd and Pt are high spin–orbit coupling materials commonly used to generate perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, and spin–orbit torques in ferromagnet/heavy-metal heterostructures. Furthermore, our work provides a platform for voltage-controlled spin–orbitronics.},
doi = {10.1038/s41563-018-0211-5},
journal = {Nature Materials},
number = 1,
volume = 18,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Nov 12 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Mon Nov 12 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 159 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
On the proton conductivity in pure and gadolinium doped nanocrystalline cerium oxide
journal, January 2011
- Shirpour, Mona; Gregori, Giuliano; Merkle, Rotraut
- Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., Vol. 13, Issue 3
In Situ Nanoscale Electric Field Control of Magnetism by Nanoionics
journal, June 2016
- Zhu, Xiaojian; Zhou, Jiantao; Chen, Lin
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 35
Electric field effect on magnetization at the Fe/MgO(001) interface
journal, May 2010
- Niranjan, Manish K.; Duan, Chun-Gang; Jaswal, Sitaram S.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 22
A Native Stochastic Computing Architecture Enabled by Memristors
journal, March 2014
- Knag, Phil; Lu, Wei; Zhang, Zhengya
- IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, Vol. 13, Issue 2
Electrostatic versus Electrochemical Doping and Control of Ferromagnetism in Ion-Gel-Gated Ultrathin La 0.5 Sr 0.5 CoO 3−δ
journal, July 2016
- Walter, Jeff; Wang, Helin; Luo, Bing
- ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 8
Anatomy of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction at Interfaces
journal, December 2015
- Yang, Hongxin; Thiaville, André; Rohart, Stanislas
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 26
Spin Hall Effects in Metals
journal, October 2013
- Hoffmann, Axel
- IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 49, Issue 10
Nanoscale electrochemistry using dielectric thin films as solid electrolytes
journal, January 2016
- Valov, Ilia; Lu, Wei D.
- Nanoscale, Vol. 8, Issue 29
Effects of Moisture on the Switching Characteristics of Oxide-Based, Gapless-Type Atomic Switches
journal, October 2011
- Tsuruoka, Tohru; Terabe, Kazuya; Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 1
Reversible H-Induced Switching of the Magnetic Easy Axis in Thin Films
journal, December 2004
- Sander, D.; Pan, W.; Ouazi, S.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 24
Reversible Control of Co Magnetism by Voltage-Induced Oxidation
journal, December 2014
- Bi, Chong; Liu, Yaohua; Newhouse-Illige, T.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 26
Palladium L3 absorption edge of PdH0.6 films: Evidence for hydrogen induced unoccupied states
journal, August 1989
- Davoli, I.; Marcelli, A.; Fortunato, G.
- Solid State Communications, Vol. 71, Issue 5
A transparent electrochromic metal-insulator switching device with three-terminal transistor geometry
journal, May 2016
- Katase, Takayoshi; Onozato, Takaki; Hirono, Misako
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Surface Magnetoelectric Effect in Ferromagnetic Metal Films
journal, September 2008
- Duan, Chun-Gang; Velev, Julian P.; Sabirianov, R. F.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 13
Reversible control of magnetism in La 0.67 Sr 0.33 MnO 3 through chemically-induced oxygen migration
journal, February 2016
- Grutter, A. J.; Gilbert, D. A.; Alaan, U. S.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 8
Magneto-ionic control of interfacial magnetism
journal, November 2014
- Bauer, Uwe; Yao, Lide; Tan, Aik Jun
- Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 2
The interaction of H2O with the surface of polycrystalline gadolinium at the temperature range of 300–570K
journal, November 2013
- Cohen, S.; Abramovich, A.; Zalkind, S.
- Surface Science, Vol. 617
Voltage-Assisted Magnetization Switching in Ultrathin Fe 80 Co 20 Alloy Layers
journal, May 2009
- Shiota, Yoichi; Maruyama, Takuto; Nozaki, Takayuki
- Applied Physics Express, Vol. 2
Effects of hydrogen/deuterium absorption on the magnetic properties of Co/Pd multilayers
journal, March 2011
- Munbodh, K.; Perez, F. A.; Keenan, C.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 9
Electrochemical and in situ magnetic study of iron/iron oxide films oxidized and reduced in KOH solution for magneto-ionic switching
journal, November 2016
- Duschek, K.; Uhlemann, M.; Schlörb, H.
- Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 72
X-Ray absorption spectroscopy of transition metal–magnesium hydride thin films
journal, August 2003
- Richardson, T. J.; Farangis, B.; Slack, J. L.
- Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 356-357
Particle Size Effect of Hydride Formation and Surface Hydrogen Adsorption of Nanosized Palladium Catalysts: L 3 Edge vs K Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
journal, July 2009
- Tew, Min Wei; Miller, Jeffrey T.; van Bokhoven, Jeroen A.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 113, Issue 34
Synaptic Energy Use and Supply
journal, September 2012
- Harris, Julia J.; Jolivet, Renaud; Attwell, David
- Neuron, Vol. 75, Issue 5
Steam electrolysis by solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) with proton-conducting oxides
journal, January 2014
- Bi, Lei; Boulfrad, Samir; Traversa, Enrico
- Chem. Soc. Rev., Vol. 43, Issue 24
Influence of controlled surface oxidation on the magnetic anisotropy of Co ultrathin films
journal, March 2015
- Di, N.; Kubal, J.; Zeng, Z.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 12
Hydrogen-storage materials for mobile applications
journal, November 2001
- Schlapbach, Louis; Züttel, Andreas
- Nature, Vol. 414, Issue 6861
Ion-gel-gating-induced oxygen vacancy formation in epitaxial films from in operando x-ray and neutron scattering
journal, December 2017
- Walter, Jeff; Yu, Guichuan; Yu, Biqiong
- Physical Review Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 7
Energy and fuels from electrochemical interfaces
journal, December 2016
- Stamenkovic, Vojislav R.; Strmcnik, Dusan; Lopes, Pietro P.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 1
Water Gas Shift Reaction on Cu and Au Nanoparticles Supported on CeO2(111) and ZnO(000): Intrinsic Activity and Importance of Support Interactions
journal, February 2007
- Rodriguez, José A.; Liu, Ping; Hrbek, Jan
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 46, Issue 8
Experimental demonstration of associative memory with memristive neural networks
journal, September 2010
- Pershin, Yuriy V.; Di Ventra, Massimiliano
- Neural Networks, Vol. 23, Issue 7, p. 881-886
Finite Electric Field Effects in the Large Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy Surface : A First-Principles Study
journal, June 2009
- Tsujikawa, Masahito; Oda, Tatsuki
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 24
The role of palladium in a hydrogen economy
journal, June 2011
- Adams, Brian D.; Chen, Aicheng
- Materials Today, Vol. 14, Issue 6
Oscillatory magnetic exchange coupling through thin copper layers
journal, April 1991
- Parkin, S. S. P.; Bhadra, R.; Roche, K. P.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 66, Issue 16
Proton Conductivity: Materials and Applications
journal, January 1996
- Kreuer, Klaus-Dieter
- Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 3
Lithium-Ion Battery Cycling for Magnetism Control
journal, December 2015
- Zhang, Qingyun; Luo, Xi; Wang, Luning
- Nano Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 1
Toward On-and-Off Magnetism: Reversible Electrochemistry to Control Magnetic Phase Transitions in Spinel Ferrites
journal, September 2016
- Dasgupta, Subho; Das, Bijoy; Li, Qiang
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 41
Electrolysis of water on (oxidized) metal surfaces
journal, December 2005
- Rossmeisl, J.; Logadottir, A.; Nørskov, J. K.
- Chemical Physics, Vol. 319, Issue 1-3, p. 178-184
Electric-field control of tri-state phase transformation with a selective dual-ion switch
journal, May 2017
- Lu, Nianpeng; Zhang, Pengfei; Zhang, Qinghua
- Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7656
Electronic structure and surface kinetics of palladium hydride studied with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron-energy-loss spectroscopy
journal, December 1982
- Bennett, P. A.; Fuggle, J. C.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 26, Issue 11
Cathode bubbles induced by moisture electrolysis in TiO 2− x -based resistive switching cells
journal, February 2016
- Yin, Qiaonan; Wei, Chunyang; Xia, Yidong
- Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 49, Issue 9
Electric-field control of ferromagnetism through oxygen ion gating
journal, December 2017
- Li, Hao-Bo; Lu, Nianpeng; Zhang, Qinghua
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Structural and magnetic depth profiles of magneto-ionic heterostructures beyond the interface limit
journal, July 2016
- Gilbert, Dustin A.; Grutter, Alexander J.; Arenholz, Elke
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Controllable positive exchange bias via redox-driven oxygen migration
journal, March 2016
- Gilbert, Dustin A.; Olamit, Justin; Dumas, Randy K.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Insulator to metal transition in WO3 induced by electrolyte gating
journal, July 2017
- Leng, X.; Pereiro, J.; Strle, J.
- npj Quantum Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 1
Hydrogen-storage materials for mobile applications
book, October 2010
- Schlapbach, Louis; Züttel, Andreas
- Materials for Sustainable Energy
Experimental demonstration of associative memory with memristive neural networks
journal, May 2009
- Pershin, Yuriy; Di Ventra, Massimiliano
- Nature Precedings
Water Gas Shift Reaction on Cu and Au Nanoparticles Supported on CeO2(111) and ZnO(000): Intrinsic Activity and Importance of Support Interactions
journal, February 2007
- Rodriguez, José A.; Liu, Ping; Hrbek, Jan
- Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 119, Issue 8
Reversible control of Co magnetism by voltage induced oxidation
text, January 2014
- Bi, Chong; Liu, Yaohua; Newhouse-Illige, T.
- arXiv
Anatomy of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction at Co/Pt Interfaces
text, January 2015
- Yang, Hongxin; Thiaville, André; Rohart, Stanislas
- arXiv
Insulator to Metal Transition in WO$_3$ Induced by Electrolyte Gating
text, January 2017
- Leng, X.; Pereiro, J.; Strle, J.
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Bioinspired Artificial Sensory Nerve Based on Nafion Memristor
journal, February 2019
- Zhang, Chen; Ye, Wen Bin; Zhou, Kui
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 20
Electric‐Field‐Controlled Antiferromagnetic Spintronic Devices
journal, March 2020
- Yan, Han; Feng, Zexin; Qin, Peixin
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 12
Ionic Modulation of Electrical Conductivity of ZnO Due to Ambient Moisture
journal, July 2019
- Milano, Gianluca; Luebben, Michael; Laurenti, Marco
- Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 6, Issue 17
Nanoionic Resistive‐Switching Devices
journal, November 2018
- Zhu, Xiaojian; Lee, Seung Hwan; Lu, Wei D.
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 9
Voltage Control of Perpendicular Exchange Bias in Multiferroic Heterostructures
journal, May 2019
- Yang, Qu; Hu, Zhongqiang; Zhang, Yao
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 7
Nonvolatile Electric Control of Exchange Bias by a Redox Transformation of the Ferromagnetic Layer
journal, May 2019
- Zehner, Jonas; Huhnstock, Rico; Oswald, Steffen
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 6
Electrical Control of Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy and Spin‐Orbit Torque‐Induced Magnetization Switching
journal, November 2019
- Huang, Qikun; Dong, Yanan; Zhao, Xiaonan
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 3
Magneto‐Ionic Switching of Superparamagnetism
journal, October 2019
- Gößler, Markus; Albu, Mihaela; Klinser, Gregor
- Small, Vol. 15, Issue 46
Electric-field control of spin accumulation direction for spin-orbit torques
journal, January 2019
- Mishra, Rahul; Mahfouzi, Farzad; Kumar, Dushyant
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Voltage-gated optics and plasmonics enabled by solid-state proton pumping
journal, November 2019
- Huang, Mantao; Jun Tan, Aik; Büttner, Felix
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Hydrogen finds a home in ionic devices
journal, December 2018
- Gilbert, Dustin A.; Grutter, Alexander J.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 1
Reversible, Electric-Field Induced Magneto-Ionic Control of Magnetism in Mesoporous Cobalt Ferrite Thin Films
journal, July 2019
- Robbennolt, Shauna; Menéndez, Enric; Quintana, Alberto
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Electrolyte-gated magnetoelectric actuation: Phenomenology, materials, mechanisms, and prospective applications
journal, March 2019
- Navarro-Senent, Cristina; Quintana, Alberto; Menéndez, Enric
- APL Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 3
Enhancement of spin–orbit torque via interfacial hydrogen and oxygen ion manipulation
journal, August 2019
- Peng, W. L.; Zhang, J. Y.; Feng, G. N.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 9
Opportunities and challenges for magnetoelectric devices
journal, August 2019
- Hu, Jia-Mian; Nan, Ce-Wen
- APL Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 8
Organismic materials for beyond von Neumann machines
journal, March 2020
- Zhang, Hai-Tian; Panda, Priyadarshini; Lin, Jerome
- Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Room-temperature electric field modulation of magnetization in a helimagnet
journal, October 2019
- Yu, Zhipeng; Zhang, Yizhi; Zhai, Kun
- Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 53, Issue 2
Intensity enhancement of ferromagnetic resonance modes in exchange coupled magnetic multilayers
journal, January 2020
- Franco, A. F.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 22, Issue 1
Reversible control of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction at the graphene/Co interface via hydrogen absorption
journal, January 2020
- Yang, Baishun; Cui, Qirui; Liang, Jinghua
- Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 1
Design of defect-chemical properties and device performance in memristive systems
journal, May 2020
- Lübben, M.; Cüppers, F.; Mohr, J.
- Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 19
Design of defect-chemical properties and device performance in memristive systems
text, January 2020
- Lübben, M.; Cüppers, F.; Mohr, J.
- RWTH Aachen University
Voltage-gated optics and plasmonics enabled by solid-state proton pumping
journal, November 2019
- Huang, Mantao; Jun Tan, Aik; Büttner, Felix
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Reversible, Electric-Field Induced Magneto-Ionic Control of Magnetism in Mesoporous Cobalt Ferrite Thin Films
journal, July 2019
- Robbennolt, Shauna; Menéndez, Enric; Quintana, Alberto
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Emergent electric field control of phase transformation in oxide superlattices
text, January 2020
- Yi, Di; Wang, Yujia; Erve, Olaf M. J. van 't
- arXiv