Microscopic origin of Cooper pairing in the iron-based superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2

Böhm, Thomas; Kretzschmar, Florian; Baum, Andreas; Rehm, Michael; Jost, Daniel; Ahangharnejhad, Ramez Hosseinian; Thomale, Ronny; Platt, Christian; Maier, Thomas A.; Hanke, Werner; Moritz, Brian; Devereaux, Thomas P.; Scalapino, Douglas J.; Maiti, Saurabh; Hirschfeld, Peter J.; Adelmann, Peter; Wolf, Thomas; Wen, Hai -Hu; Hackl, Rudi

doi:10.1038/s41535-018-0118-z

Title: Microscopic origin of Cooper pairing in the iron-based superconductor Ba_1-xK_xFe₂As₂

Abstract

Resolving the microscopic pairing mechanism and its experimental identification in unconventional superconductors is among the most vexing problems of contemporary condensed matter physics. We show that Raman spectroscopy provides an avenue towards this aim by probing the structure of the pairing interaction at play in an unconventional superconductor. As we study the spectra of the prototypical Fe-based superconductor Ba_1-xK_xFe₂As₂ for 0.22 ≤ x ≤ 0.70 in all symmetry channels, Raman spectroscopy allows us to distill the leading s-wave state. In addition, the spectra collected in the B1g symmetry channel reveal the existence of two collective modes which are indicative of the presence of two competing, yet sub-dominant, pairing tendencies of d_x²-y² symmetry type. A comprehensive functional Renormalization Group and random-phase approximation study on this compound confirms the presence of the two sub-leading channels, and consistently matches the experimental doping dependence of the related modes. In conclusion, the consistency between the experimental observations and the theoretical modeling suggests that spin fluctuations play a significant role in superconducting pairing.

Authors:

Böhm, Thomas ^[1]; Kretzschmar, Florian ^[2]; Baum, Andreas ^[3]; Rehm, Michael ^[4]; Jost, Daniel ^[3]; Ahangharnejhad, Ramez Hosseinian ^[5]; Thomale, Ronny ^[6]; Platt, Christian ^[7]; Maier, Thomas A. ^[4]; Hanke, Werner ^[6]; Moritz, Brian ^[8]; Devereaux, Thomas P. ^[9]; Scalapino, Douglas J. ^[10]; Maiti, Saurabh ^[11]; Hirschfeld, Peter J. ^[11]; Adelmann, Peter ^[12]; Wolf, Thomas ^[12]; Wen, Hai -Hu ^[13];

^[14]

Walther Meissner Institut, Garching (Germany); Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); TNG Technology Consulting GmbH, Unterfohring (Germany)
Walther Meissner Institut, Garching (Germany); Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany); Intel Mobile Communications, Neubiberg (Germany)
Walther Meissner Institut, Garching (Germany); Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Walther Meissner Institut, Garching (Germany); Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany); Univ. of Toledo, Toledo, OH (United States)
Univ. of Wurzburg, Wurzburg (Germany)
Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie, Karlsruhe (Germany)
Naning Univ., Nanjing (China)
Walther Meissner Institut, Garching (Germany)

Publication Date:: Thu Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1474720

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: npj Quantum Materials

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2397-4648

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Böhm, Thomas, Kretzschmar, Florian, Baum, Andreas, Rehm, Michael, Jost, Daniel, Ahangharnejhad, Ramez Hosseinian, Thomale, Ronny, Platt, Christian, Maier, Thomas A., Hanke, Werner, Moritz, Brian, Devereaux, Thomas P., Scalapino, Douglas J., Maiti, Saurabh, Hirschfeld, Peter J., Adelmann, Peter, Wolf, Thomas, Wen, Hai -Hu, and Hackl, Rudi. Microscopic origin of Cooper pairing in the iron-based superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1038/s41535-018-0118-z.

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                    Böhm, Thomas, Kretzschmar, Florian, Baum, Andreas, Rehm, Michael, Jost, Daniel, Ahangharnejhad, Ramez Hosseinian, Thomale, Ronny, Platt, Christian, Maier, Thomas A., Hanke, Werner, Moritz, Brian, Devereaux, Thomas P., Scalapino, Douglas J., Maiti, Saurabh, Hirschfeld, Peter J., Adelmann, Peter, Wolf, Thomas, Wen, Hai -Hu, & Hackl, Rudi. Microscopic origin of Cooper pairing in the iron-based superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-018-0118-z

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                    Böhm, Thomas, Kretzschmar, Florian, Baum, Andreas, Rehm, Michael, Jost, Daniel, Ahangharnejhad, Ramez Hosseinian, Thomale, Ronny, Platt, Christian, Maier, Thomas A., Hanke, Werner, Moritz, Brian, Devereaux, Thomas P., Scalapino, Douglas J., Maiti, Saurabh, Hirschfeld, Peter J., Adelmann, Peter, Wolf, Thomas, Wen, Hai -Hu, and Hackl, Rudi. Thu .  
"Microscopic origin of Cooper pairing in the iron-based superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-018-0118-z.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1474720.

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@article{osti_1474720,

  title        = {Microscopic origin of Cooper pairing in the iron-based superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2},

  author       = {Böhm, Thomas and Kretzschmar, Florian and Baum, Andreas and Rehm, Michael and Jost, Daniel and Ahangharnejhad, Ramez Hosseinian and Thomale, Ronny and Platt, Christian and Maier, Thomas A. and Hanke, Werner and Moritz, Brian and Devereaux, Thomas P. and Scalapino, Douglas J. and Maiti, Saurabh and Hirschfeld, Peter J. and Adelmann, Peter and Wolf, Thomas and Wen, Hai -Hu and Hackl, Rudi},

  abstractNote = {Resolving the microscopic pairing mechanism and its experimental identification in unconventional superconductors is among the most vexing problems of contemporary condensed matter physics. We show that Raman spectroscopy provides an avenue towards this aim by probing the structure of the pairing interaction at play in an unconventional superconductor. As we study the spectra of the prototypical Fe-based superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2 for 0.22 ≤ x ≤ 0.70 in all symmetry channels, Raman spectroscopy allows us to distill the leading s-wave state. In addition, the spectra collected in the B1g symmetry channel reveal the existence of two collective modes which are indicative of the presence of two competing, yet sub-dominant, pairing tendencies of dx2-y2 symmetry type. A comprehensive functional Renormalization Group and random-phase approximation study on this compound confirms the presence of the two sub-leading channels, and consistently matches the experimental doping dependence of the related modes. In conclusion, the consistency between the experimental observations and the theoretical modeling suggests that spin fluctuations play a significant role in superconducting pairing.},

  doi          = {10.1038/s41535-018-0118-z},

  journal      = {npj Quantum Materials},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 3,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Thu Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Classification and characterization of nonequilibrium Higgs modes in unconventional superconductors
journal, January 2020

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Title: Microscopic origin of Cooper pairing in the iron-based superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2

Abstract

Citation Formats

Functional renormalization group for multi-orbital Fermi surface instabilities journal, November 2013

Number-Phase Fluctuations in Two-Band Superconductors journal, November 1966

Universality of superconducting gaps in overdoped Ba 0.3 K 0.7 Fe 2 As 2 observed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy journal, January 2011

Theory of Electronic Raman Scattering in Disordered Unconventional Superconductors journal, May 1995

Superconductivity and electronic fluctuations in Ba 1 − x K x Fe 2 As 2 studied by Raman scattering journal, February 2017

Exotic d -Wave Superconducting State of Strongly Hole-Doped K x Ba 1 − x Fe 2 As 2 journal, September 2011

Band- and momentum-dependent electron dynamics in superconducting Ba ( Fe 1 − x Co x ) 2 As 2 as seen via electronic Raman scattering journal, November 2009

Superconductivity and fluctuations in Ba 1- p K p Fe 2 As 2 and Ba(Fe 1- n Co n ) 2 As 2 : Superconductivity and fluctuations in Fe-based compounds journal, August 2016

Excitons and Plasmons in Superconductors journal, February 1961

Collective d -wave exciton modes in the calculated Raman spectrum of Fe-based superconductors journal, October 2009

Critical quadrupole fluctuations and collective modes in iron pnictide superconductors journal, February 2016

Unconventional Superconductivity with a Sign Reversal in the Order Parameter of LaFeAsO 1 − x F x journal, July 2008

Momentum dependence of the superconducting gap in Ba 1 − x K x Fe 2 As 2 journal, February 2009

Transport properties and asymmetric scattering in Ba 1 − x K x Fe 2 As 2 single crystals journal, November 2011

Critical spin fluctuations and the origin of nematic order in Ba(Fe1−xCox)2As2 journal, January 2016

Using gap symmetry and structure to reveal the pairing mechanism in Fe-based superconductors journal, January 2016

Pnictogen height as a possible switch between high- T c nodeless and low- T c nodal pairings in the iron-based superconductors journal, June 2009

Superconducting properties of (Ba-K)Fe 2 As 2 single crystals disordered with fast neutron irradiation journal, June 2014

Probing the Pairing Interaction and Multiple Bardasis-Schrieffer Modes Using Raman Spectroscopy journal, December 2016

Iron-based superconductors: Current status of materials and pairing mechanism journal, July 2015

Functional renormalization group approach to correlated fermion systems journal, March 2012

Pinpointing gap minima in Ba ( Fe 0.94 Co 0.06 ) 2 As 2 via band-structure calculations and electronic Raman scattering journal, November 2010

Signature of the Leggett mode in the A 1 g Raman response: From MgB 2 to iron-based superconductors journal, August 2016

Strong correlations, strong coupling, and s -wave superconductivity in hole-doped BaFe 2 As 2 single crystals journal, November 2016

Phase diagram and gap anisotropy in iron-pnictide superconductors journal, February 2010

Functional renormalization-group study of the doping dependence of pairing symmetry in the iron pnictide superconductors journal, November 2009

High-temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides and chalcogenides journal, March 2016

Inelastic light scattering from correlated electrons journal, January 2007

Raman-Scattering Detection of Nearly Degenerate s -Wave and d -Wave Pairing Channels in Iron-Based Ba 0.6 K 0.4 Fe 2 As 2 and Rb 0.8 Fe 1.6 Se 2 Superconductors journal, May 2013

Possible nodal superconducting gap and Lifshitz transition in heavily hole-doped Ba 0.1 K 0.9 Fe 2 As 2 journal, December 2013

Theory of Raman scattering with final-state interaction in high- T c BCS superconductors: Collective modes journal, May 1990

Nematic Resonance in the Raman Response of Iron-Based Superconductors journal, January 2016

Theory of Raman response of a superconductor with extended s -wave symmetry: Application to the iron pnictides journal, June 2009

Phase diagram and Gap anisotropy in Iron-Pnictide Superconductors text, January 2009

Functional Renormalization Group for multi-orbital Fermi Surface Instabilities text, January 2013

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Title: Microscopic origin of Cooper pairing in the iron-based superconductor Ba_1-xK_xFe₂As₂

Functional renormalization group for multi-orbital Fermi surface instabilities
journal, November 2013

Number-Phase Fluctuations in Two-Band Superconductors
journal, November 1966

Universality of superconducting gaps in overdoped Ba $_{0.3}$ K $_{0.7}$ Fe $_{2}$ As $_{2}$ observed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
journal, January 2011

Theory of Electronic Raman Scattering in Disordered Unconventional Superconductors
journal, May 1995

Superconductivity and electronic fluctuations in ${Ba}_{1 - x} K_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ studied by Raman scattering
journal, February 2017

Exotic $d$ -Wave Superconducting State of Strongly Hole-Doped $K_{x} {Ba}_{1 - x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, September 2011

Band- and momentum-dependent electron dynamics in superconducting $Ba {({Fe}_{1 - x} {Co}_{x})}_{2} {As}_{2}$ as seen via electronic Raman scattering
journal, November 2009

Superconductivity and fluctuations in Ba _{1- p} K _p Fe ₂ As ₂ and Ba(Fe _{1- n} Co _n ) ₂ As ₂ : Superconductivity and fluctuations in Fe-based compounds
journal, August 2016

Excitons and Plasmons in Superconductors
journal, February 1961

Collective $d$ -wave exciton modes in the calculated Raman spectrum of Fe-based superconductors
journal, October 2009

Critical quadrupole fluctuations and collective modes in iron pnictide superconductors
journal, February 2016

Unconventional Superconductivity with a Sign Reversal in the Order Parameter of ${LaFeAsO}_{1 - x} F_{x}$
journal, July 2008

Momentum dependence of the superconducting gap in ${Ba}_{1 - x} K_{x} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$
journal, February 2009

Transport properties and asymmetric scattering in Ba $_{1 - x}$ K $_{x}$ Fe $_{2}$ As $_{2}$ single crystals
journal, November 2011

Critical spin fluctuations and the origin of nematic order in Ba(Fe1−xCox)2As2
journal, January 2016

Using gap symmetry and structure to reveal the pairing mechanism in Fe-based superconductors
journal, January 2016

Pnictogen height as a possible switch between high- $T_{c}$ nodeless and low- $T_{c}$ nodal pairings in the iron-based superconductors
journal, June 2009

Superconducting properties of (Ba-K)Fe ₂ As ₂ single crystals disordered with fast neutron irradiation
journal, June 2014

Probing the Pairing Interaction and Multiple Bardasis-Schrieffer Modes Using Raman Spectroscopy
journal, December 2016

Iron-based superconductors: Current status of materials and pairing mechanism
journal, July 2015

Functional renormalization group approach to correlated fermion systems
journal, March 2012

Pinpointing gap minima in $Ba {({Fe}_{0.94} {Co}_{0.06})}_{2} {As}_{2}$ via band-structure calculations and electronic Raman scattering
journal, November 2010

Signature of the Leggett mode in the $A_{1 g}$ Raman response: From ${MgB}_{2}$ to iron-based superconductors
journal, August 2016

Strong correlations, strong coupling, and $s$ -wave superconductivity in hole-doped ${BaFe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ single crystals
journal, November 2016

Phase diagram and gap anisotropy in iron-pnictide superconductors
journal, February 2010

Functional renormalization-group study of the doping dependence of pairing symmetry in the iron pnictide superconductors
journal, November 2009

High-temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides and chalcogenides
journal, March 2016

Inelastic light scattering from correlated electrons
journal, January 2007

Raman-Scattering Detection of Nearly Degenerate $s$ -Wave and $d$ -Wave Pairing Channels in Iron-Based ${Ba}_{0.6} K_{0.4} {Fe}_{2} {As}_{2}$ and ${Rb}_{0.8} {Fe}_{1.6} {Se}_{2}$ Superconductors
journal, May 2013

Possible nodal superconducting gap and Lifshitz transition in heavily hole-doped Ba $_{0.1}$ K $_{0.9}$ Fe $_{2}$ As $_{2}$
journal, December 2013

Theory of Raman scattering with final-state interaction in high- $T_{c}$ BCS superconductors: Collective modes
journal, May 1990

Nematic Resonance in the Raman Response of Iron-Based Superconductors
journal, January 2016

Theory of Raman response of a superconductor with extended $s$ -wave symmetry: Application to the iron pnictides
journal, June 2009

Phase diagram and Gap anisotropy in Iron-Pnictide Superconductors
text, January 2009

Functional Renormalization Group for multi-orbital Fermi Surface Instabilities
text, January 2013

Using Gap Symmetry and Structure to Reveal the Pairing Mechanism in Fe-based Superconductors
text, January 2015

High Temperature Superconductivity in Iron Pnictides and Chalcogenides
text, January 2016

Inelastic Light Scattering From Correlated Electrons
text, January 2006

Classification and characterization of nonequilibrium Higgs modes in unconventional superconductors
journal, January 2020

Theory of ultrafast phenomena in photoexcited semiconductors
journal, August 2002