Intrinsic emittance reduction in transmission mode photocathodes
Abstract
High quantum efficiency (QE) and low emittance electron beams provided by multi-alkali photocathodes make them of great interest for next generation high brightness photoinjectors. Spicer’s three-step model well describes the photoemission process; however, some photocathode characteristics such as their thickness have not yet been completely exploited to further improve the brightness of the generated electron beams. Here, we report on the emittance and QE of a multi-alkali photocathode grown onto a glass substrate operated in transmission and reflection modes at different photon energies. We observed a 20% reduction in the intrinsic emittance from the reflection to the transmission mode operation. This observation can be explained by inelastic electron-phonon scattering during electrons’ transit towards the cathode surface. Due to this effect, we predict that thicker photocathode layers will further reduce the intrinsic emittance of electron beams generated by photocathodes operated in transmission mode.
- Authors:
-
- Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Cornell Lab. for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education (CLASSE)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1469694
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1243144
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0014338; SC0011643; PHY-1416318
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Applied Physics Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 108; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-6951
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Monte Carlo methods; semiconductors; electron gas; ultrafast electron diffraction; electromagnetic coils; phonon scattering; glass; photocathodes; quantum efficiency; leptons
Citation Formats
Lee, Hyeri, Cultrera, Luca, and Bazarov, Ivan. Intrinsic emittance reduction in transmission mode photocathodes. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4944790.
Lee, Hyeri, Cultrera, Luca, & Bazarov, Ivan. Intrinsic emittance reduction in transmission mode photocathodes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4944790
Lee, Hyeri, Cultrera, Luca, and Bazarov, Ivan. Thu .
"Intrinsic emittance reduction in transmission mode photocathodes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4944790. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1469694.
@article{osti_1469694,
title = {Intrinsic emittance reduction in transmission mode photocathodes},
author = {Lee, Hyeri and Cultrera, Luca and Bazarov, Ivan},
abstractNote = {High quantum efficiency (QE) and low emittance electron beams provided by multi-alkali photocathodes make them of great interest for next generation high brightness photoinjectors. Spicer’s three-step model well describes the photoemission process; however, some photocathode characteristics such as their thickness have not yet been completely exploited to further improve the brightness of the generated electron beams. Here, we report on the emittance and QE of a multi-alkali photocathode grown onto a glass substrate operated in transmission and reflection modes at different photon energies. We observed a 20% reduction in the intrinsic emittance from the reflection to the transmission mode operation. This observation can be explained by inelastic electron-phonon scattering during electrons’ transit towards the cathode surface. Due to this effect, we predict that thicker photocathode layers will further reduce the intrinsic emittance of electron beams generated by photocathodes operated in transmission mode.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4944790},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = 12,
volume = 108,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Measurement of the tradeoff between intrinsic emittance and quantum efficiency from a NaKSb photocathode near threshold
journal, June 2015
- Maxson, Jared; Cultrera, Luca; Gulliford, Colwyn
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 23
Transmittance Spectra and Optical Constants of Alkali-Antimony Compounds Sb, Sb, and KSb
journal, May 1973
- Ebina, Atsuko; Takahashi, Tadashi
- Physical Review B, Vol. 7, Issue 10
Bi-alkali antimonide photocathodes for high brightness accelerators
journal, September 2013
- Schubert, S.; Ruiz-Osés, M.; Ben-Zvi, I.
- APL Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 3
Raman scattering from monoalkali (Na-Sb and K-Sb), bialkali (Na-K-Sb) and multialkali (Na-K-Sb-Cs) photocathodes
journal, May 1992
- Tzolov, Marian B.; Iliev, Milko N.
- Thin Solid Films, Vol. 213, Issue 1
Alkali antimonides photocathodes growth using pure metals evaporation from effusion cells
journal, December 2015
- Cultrera, Luca; Lee, Hyeri; Bazarov, Ivan
- Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, Vol. 34, Issue 1
Theory of photoemission from cesium antimonide using an alpha-semiconductor model
journal, August 2008
- Jensen, Kevin L.; Jensen, Barbara L.; Montgomery, Eric J.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 104, Issue 4
Design, conditioning, and performance of a high voltage, high brightness dc photoelectron gun with variable gap
journal, September 2014
- Maxson, Jared; Bazarov, Ivan; Dunham, Bruce
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 9
Demonstration of cathode emittance dominated high bunch charge beams in a DC gun-based photoinjector
journal, March 2015
- Gulliford, Colwyn; Bartnik, Adam; Bazarov, Ivan
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 9
Thermal emittance and response time measurements of negative electron affinity photocathodes
journal, March 2008
- Bazarov, Ivan V.; Dunham, Bruce M.; Li, Yulin
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 103, Issue 5
Record high-average current from a high-brightness photoinjector
journal, January 2013
- Dunham, Bruce; Barley, John; Bartnik, Adam
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 3
Photoemissive, Photoconductive, and Optical Absorption Studies of Alkali-Antimony Compounds
journal, October 1958
- Spicer, W. E.
- Physical Review, Vol. 112, Issue 1
Review and demonstration of ultra-low-emittance photocathode measurements
journal, July 2015
- Lee, Hyeri; Karkare, Siddharth; Cultrera, Luca
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 7
Cold electron beams from cryocooled, alkali antimonide photocathodes
journal, November 2015
- Cultrera, L.; Karkare, S.; Lee, H.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 18, Issue 11
Status of the high brightness polarized electron source using transmission photocathode
journal, May 2011
- Yamamoto, N.; Jin, X. G.; Mano, A.
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 298
A novel system for measurement of the transverse electron momentum distribution from photocathodes
journal, January 2015
- Feng, J.; Nasiatka, J.; Wan, W.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 1
Quantum efficiency and thermal emittance of metal photocathodes
journal, July 2009
- Dowell, David H.; Schmerge, John F.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 12, Issue 7
30-kV spin-polarized transmission electron microscope with GaAs–GaAsP strained superlattice photocathode
journal, July 2012
- Kuwahara, M.; Kusunoki, S.; Jin, X. G.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 3
Enhancement of photoemission from and postprocessing of photocathode using excimer laser
journal, February 2014
- Wang, Erdong; Rao, Triveni; Ben-zvi, Ilan
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 17, Issue 2
Effective temperature of an ultracold electron source based on near-threshold photoionization
journal, January 2014
- Engelen, W. J.; Smakman, E. P.; Bakker, D. J.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 136
Works referencing / citing this record:
Rb based alkali antimonide high quantum efficiency photocathodes for bright electron beam sources and photon detection applications
journal, February 2017
- Cultrera, L.; Gulliford, C.; Bartnik, A.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 121, Issue 5