Title: Importance of sulfate radical anion formation and chemistry in heterogeneous OH oxidation of sodium methyl sulfate, the smallest organosulfate

Abstract

Organosulfates are important organosulfur compounds present in atmospheric particles. While the abundance, composition, and formation mechanisms of organosulfates have been extensively investigated, it remains unclear how they transform and evolve throughout their atmospheric lifetime. To acquire a fundamental understanding of how organosulfates chemically transform in the atmosphere, this study investigates the heterogeneous OH radical-initiated oxidation of sodium methyl sulfate (CH₃SO₄Na) droplets, the smallest organosulfate detected in atmospheric particles, using an aerosol flow tube reactor at a high relative humidity (RH) of 85%. Aerosol mass spectra measured by a soft atmospheric pressure ionization source (direct analysis in real time, DART) coupled with a high-resolution mass spectrometer showed that neither functionalization nor fragmentation products are detected. Instead, the ion signal intensity of the bisulfate ion (HSO₄^-) has been found to increase significantly after OH oxidation. We postulate that sodium methyl sulfate tends to fragment into a formaldehyde (CH₂O) and a sulfate radical anion (SO₄^.-) upon OH oxidation. The formaldehyde is likely partitioned back to the gas phase due to its high volatility. The sulfate radical anion, similar to OH radical, can abstract a hydrogen atom from neighboring sodium methyl sulfate to form the bisulfate ion, contributing to the secondary chemistry. Kinetic measurementsmore » show that the heterogeneous OH reaction rate constant, k, is (3.79 ± 0.19) × 10^-13cm³molecule^-1s^-1 with an effective OH uptake coefficient, γ_eff, of 0.17 ± 0.03. While about 40% of sodium methyl sulfate is being oxidized at the maximum OH exposure (1.27 × 10¹²molecule cm^-3s), only a 3% decrease in particle diameter is observed. This can be attributed to a small fraction of particle mass lost via the formation and volatilization of formaldehyde. Overall, we firstly demonstrate that the heterogeneous OH oxidation of an organosulfate can lead to the formation of sulfate radical anion and produce inorganic sulfate. Fragmentation processes and sulfate radical anion chemistry play a key role in determining the compositional evolution of sodium methyl sulfate during heterogeneous OH oxidation.« less

Authors:

Kwong, Kai Chung ^[1]; Chim, Man Mei  ^[1];

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Davies, James F. ^[2]; Wilson, Kevin R. ^[3]; Chan, Man Nin ^[4]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong (China). Earth System Science Programme and Faculty of Science
2. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Chemical Sciences Division; Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
3. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
4. Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong (China). Earth System Science Programme, Faculty of Science and the Inst. of Environment, Energy and Sustainability

Publication Date:

Tue Feb 27 00:00:00 EST 2018

Research Org.:

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong (China)

OSTI Identifier:

1434024

Grant/Contract Number:  

AC02-05CH11231; 4053159; 2191111

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Name: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324

Publisher:

European Geosciences Union

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES