Quasicontinuum γ decay of Zr91,92 : Benchmarking indirect ( n,γ ) cross section measurements for the s process

Guttormsen, M.; Goriely, S.; Larsen, A. C.; Gorgen, A.; Hagen, T. W.; Renstrom, T.; Siem, S.; Syed, N. U.  H.; Tagliente, G.; Toft, H. K.; Utsunomiya, H.; Voinov, A. V.; Wikan, K.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024313

Title: Quasicontinuum $γ$ decay of ${}^{91, 92}{Zr}$ : Benchmarking indirect ( $n, γ$ ) cross section measurements for the $s$ process

Abstract

Here, nuclear level densities (NLDs) and γ-ray strength functions (γSFs) have been extracted from particle-γ coincidences of the ⁹²Zr(p,p´γ) ⁹²Zr and ⁹²Zr (p,dγ) ⁹¹Zr reactions using the Oslo method. The new ^91,92Zr γSF data, combined with photonuclear cross sections, cover the whole energy range from Eγ ≈ 1.5 MeV up to the giant dipole resonance at Eγ ≈ 17 MeV. The wide-range γSF data display structures at Eγ ≈ 9.5 MeV, compatible with a superposition of the spin-flip M1 resonance and a pygmy E1 resonance. Furthermore, the γSF shows a minimum at Eγ ≈ 2–3 MeV and an increase at lower γ-ray energies. The experimentally constrained NLDs and γSFs are shown to reproduce known (n,γ) and Maxwellian-averaged cross sections for ^91,92Zr using the TALYS reaction code, thus serving as a benchmark for this indirect method of estimating (n,γ) cross sections for Zr isotopes.

Authors:

Guttormsen, M. ^[1]; Goriely, S. ^[2]; Larsen, A. C. ^[1]; Gorgen, A. ^[1]; Hagen, T. W. ^[1]; Renstrom, T. ^[1]; Siem, S. ^[1]; Syed, N. U. H. ^[1]; Tagliente, G. ^[3]; Toft, H. K. ^[1]; Utsunomiya, H. ^[4]; Voinov, A. V. ^[5]; Wikan, K. ^[1]

Univ. of Oslo (Norway). Dept. of Physics
Free Univ. of Brussels (Belgium). Inst. of Astronomy and Astrophysics
National Inst. of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Bari (Italy)
Konan Univ., Kobe (Japan). Dept. of Physics
Ohio Univ., Athens, OH (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy

Publication Date:: Mon Aug 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: Ohio Univ., Athens, OH (United States); Univ. of Oslo (Norway)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); Research Council of Norway (NFR); European Research Council (ERC); Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS)

OSTI Identifier:: 1432345

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1375672

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0002905; 210007; 205528; 637686

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 96; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Level denity; gamma strength function; electromagnetic transitions; energy levels and level densities; nuclear astrophysics; photonuclear reactions; statistical phenomena and chaos; 90 ≤ A ≤ 149

Citation Formats


                    Guttormsen, M., Goriely, S., Larsen, A. C., Gorgen, A., Hagen, T. W., Renstrom, T., Siem, S., Syed, N. U.  H., Tagliente, G., Toft, H. K., Utsunomiya, H., Voinov, A. V., and Wikan, K. Quasicontinuum γ decay of Zr91,92 : Benchmarking indirect ( n,γ ) cross section measurements for the s process.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024313.

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                    Guttormsen, M., Goriely, S., Larsen, A. C., Gorgen, A., Hagen, T. W., Renstrom, T., Siem, S., Syed, N. U.  H., Tagliente, G., Toft, H. K., Utsunomiya, H., Voinov, A. V., & Wikan, K. Quasicontinuum γ decay of Zr91,92 : Benchmarking indirect ( n,γ ) cross section measurements for the s process.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024313

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                    Guttormsen, M., Goriely, S., Larsen, A. C., Gorgen, A., Hagen, T. W., Renstrom, T., Siem, S., Syed, N. U.  H., Tagliente, G., Toft, H. K., Utsunomiya, H., Voinov, A. V., and Wikan, K. Mon .  
"Quasicontinuum γ decay of Zr91,92 : Benchmarking indirect ( n,γ ) cross section measurements for the s process".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024313.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1432345.

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@article{osti_1432345,

  title        = {Quasicontinuum γ decay of Zr91,92 : Benchmarking indirect ( n,γ ) cross section measurements for the s process},

  author       = {Guttormsen, M. and Goriely, S. and Larsen, A. C. and Gorgen, A. and Hagen, T. W. and Renstrom, T. and Siem, S. and Syed, N. U.  H. and Tagliente, G. and Toft, H. K. and Utsunomiya, H. and Voinov, A. V. and Wikan, K.},

  abstractNote = {Here, nuclear level densities (NLDs) and γ-ray strength functions (γSFs) have been extracted from particle-γ coincidences of the 92Zr(p,p´γ) 92Zr and 92Zr (p,dγ) 91Zr reactions using the Oslo method. The new 91,92Zr γSF data, combined with photonuclear cross sections, cover the whole energy range from Eγ ≈ 1.5 MeV up to the giant dipole resonance at Eγ ≈ 17 MeV. The wide-range γSF data display structures at Eγ ≈ 9.5 MeV, compatible with a superposition of the spin-flip M1 resonance and a pygmy E1 resonance. Furthermore, the γSF shows a minimum at Eγ ≈ 2–3 MeV and an increase at lower γ-ray energies. The experimentally constrained NLDs and γSFs are shown to reproduce known (n,γ) and Maxwellian-averaged cross sections for 91,92Zr using the TALYS reaction code, thus serving as a benchmark for this indirect method of estimating (n,γ) cross sections for Zr isotopes.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevC.96.024313},

  journal      = {Physical Review C},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 96,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Aug 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Mon Aug 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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Title: Quasicontinuum γ decay of Zr 91 , 92 : Benchmarking indirect ( n , γ ) cross section measurements for the s process

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Investigation of 91Zr by high resolution (d, p), (p, p′) and (p, d) reactions journal, November 1976

Neutron capture cross section of Zr 90 : Bottleneck in the s -process reaction flow journal, March 2008

Separation of Pygmy Dipole and M 1 Resonances in Zr 90 by a High-Resolution Inelastic Proton Scattering Near 0° journal, June 2012

γ -ray strength function and pygmy resonance in rare earth nuclei journal, March 2001

Statistical Gamma-Decay at Low Angular Momentum journal, January 1990

Analysis of possible systematic errors in the Oslo method journal, March 2011

Global and local level density models journal, September 2008

The 93 Zr( n , γ ) reaction up to 8 keV neutron energy journal, January 2013

Measurement of keV-Neutron Capture Cross Sections and Capture Gamma-Ray Spectra of 91,92 Zr journal, April 2005

Photoneutron Cross Sections for Zr 90 , Zr 91 , Zr 92 , Zr 94 , and Y 89 journal, October 1967

The s process: Nuclear physics, stellar models, and observations journal, April 2011

The temperature and chronology of heavy-element synthesis in low-mass stars journal, January 2015

Synthesis of the Elements in Stars journal, October 1957

The r-process of stellar nucleosynthesis: Astrophysics and nuclear physics achievements and mysteries journal, September 2007

The Inelastic Scattering of Neutrons journal, July 1952

Large Low-Energy M 1 Strength for Fe 56 , 57 within the Nuclear Shell Model journal, December 2014

The first generation of γ-rays from hot nuclei journal, April 1987

Low-Energy Enhancement in the Photon Strength of Mo 95 journal, April 2012

Experimental study of the Zr 91 ( n , γ ) reaction up to 26 keV journal, October 2008

The unfolding of continuum γ-ray spectra journal, June 1996

Test of gamma-ray strength functions in nuclear reaction model calculations journal, May 1990

Systematics of nuclear level density parameters journal, September 2005

Systematics of Nuclear Level Density Parameters conference, November 2011

The r-process of stellar nucleosynthesis: Astrophysics and nuclear physics achievements and mysteries text, January 2007

Analysis of possible systematic errors in the Oslo method text, January 2012

Application of an Extended Random Phase Approximation on Giant Resonances in Light, Medium and Heavy Mass Nuclei text, January 2016

Completing the nuclear reaction puzzle of the nucleosynthesis of 92Mo text, January 2016

Gamma-ray strength function and pygmy resonance in rare earth nuclei text, January 2000

Extraction of level density and gamma strength function from primary gamma spectra text, January 1999

Combined analysis of the low-energy enhancement of the gamma-strength function and the giant dipole resonance journal, August 2019

Consolidating the concept of low-energy magnetic dipole decay radiation text, January 2018

Title: Quasicontinuum $γ$ decay of ${}^{91, 92}{Zr}$ : Benchmarking indirect ( $n, γ$ ) cross section measurements for the $s$ process

Nuclear Reactions in Stars and Nucleogenesis
journal, June 1957

Neutron Cross Sections for Nucleosynthesis Studies
journal, September 2000

$M 1$ $γ$ Strength for Zirconium Nuclei in the Photoneutron Channel
journal, April 2008

Novel technique for Constraining $r$ -Process ( $n$ , $γ$ ) Reaction Rates
journal, December 2014

Modern Nuclear Data Evaluation with the TALYS Code System
journal, December 2012

RIPL – Reference Input Parameter Library for Calculation of Nuclear Reactions and Nuclear Data Evaluations
journal, December 2009

s ‐Process Nucleosynthesis in Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars: A Test for Stellar Evolution
journal, April 2003

Application of an extended random-phase approximation to giant resonances in light-, medium-, and heavy-mass nuclei
journal, September 2016

Completing the nuclear reaction puzzle of the nucleosynthesis of ${}^{92}{Mo}$
journal, August 2016

Experimental First Order Pairing Phase Transition in Atomic Nuclei
journal, February 2015

High Resolution Neutron Transmission and Capture for 91Zr
journal, January 1977

Experimental level densities of atomic nuclei
journal, December 2015

The Quantum Theory of the Emission and Absorption of Radiation
journal, March 1927

Extraction of level density and γ strength function from primary γ spectra
journal, June 2000

Low-Energy Enhancement of Magnetic Dipole Radiation
journal, December 2013

Radiative strength functions in ${}^{93 - 98}{Mo}$
journal, April 2005

Experimentally constrained $(p, γ) {}^{89}Y$ and $(n, γ) {}^{89}Y$ reaction rates relevant to $p$ -process nucleosynthesis
journal, April 2016

THE IMPACT OF UPDATED Zr NEUTRON-CAPTURE CROSS SECTIONS AND NEW ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH MODELS ON OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE S PROCESS AND THE ORIGIN OF STARDUST
journal, December 2013

Validity of the Generalized Brink-Axel Hypothesis in ${}^{238}{Np}$
journal, January 2016

The SiRi particle-telescope system
journal, August 2011

Low-energy enhancement in the $γ$ -ray strength functions of ${}^{73, 74}{Ge}$
journal, June 2016

Improved microscopic nuclear level densities within the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov plus combinatorial method
journal, December 2008

A statistical analysis of excited nuclear states
journal, May 1959

Systematics of nuclear level density parameters
journal, October 2005

Fluctuations of Nuclear Reaction Widths
journal, October 1956

Erratum: Systematics of nuclear level density parameters [Phys. Rev. C 72, 044311 (2005)]
journal, April 2006

Investigation of 91Zr by high resolution (d, p), (p, p′) and (p, d) reactions
journal, November 1976

Neutron capture cross section of ${}^{90}{Zr}$ : Bottleneck in the $s$ -process reaction flow
journal, March 2008

Separation of Pygmy Dipole and $M 1$ Resonances in ${}^{90}{Zr}$ by a High-Resolution Inelastic Proton Scattering Near 0°
journal, June 2012

$γ$ -ray strength function and pygmy resonance in rare earth nuclei
journal, March 2001

Statistical Gamma-Decay at Low Angular Momentum
journal, January 1990

Analysis of possible systematic errors in the Oslo method
journal, March 2011

Global and local level density models
journal, September 2008

The $^{93}$ Zr( $n, γ$ ) reaction up to 8 keV neutron energy
journal, January 2013

Measurement of keV-Neutron Capture Cross Sections and Capture Gamma-Ray Spectra of ^91,92 Zr
journal, April 2005

Photoneutron Cross Sections for ${Zr}^{90}$ , ${Zr}^{91}$ , ${Zr}^{92}$ , ${Zr}^{94}$ , and $Y^{89}$
journal, October 1967

The $s$ process: Nuclear physics, stellar models, and observations
journal, April 2011

The temperature and chronology of heavy-element synthesis in low-mass stars
journal, January 2015

Synthesis of the Elements in Stars
journal, October 1957

The r-process of stellar nucleosynthesis: Astrophysics and nuclear physics achievements and mysteries
journal, September 2007

The Inelastic Scattering of Neutrons
journal, July 1952

Large Low-Energy $M 1$ Strength for ${}^{56, 57}{Fe}$ within the Nuclear Shell Model
journal, December 2014

The first generation of γ-rays from hot nuclei
journal, April 1987

Low-Energy Enhancement in the Photon Strength of ${}^{95}{Mo}$
journal, April 2012

Experimental study of the ${}^{91}{Zr}$ ( $n, γ$ ) reaction up to 26 keV
journal, October 2008

The unfolding of continuum γ-ray spectra
journal, June 1996

Test of gamma-ray strength functions in nuclear reaction model calculations
journal, May 1990

Systematics of nuclear level density parameters
journal, September 2005

Systematics of Nuclear Level Density Parameters
conference, November 2011

The r-process of stellar nucleosynthesis: Astrophysics and nuclear physics achievements and mysteries
text, January 2007

Analysis of possible systematic errors in the Oslo method
text, January 2012

Application of an Extended Random Phase Approximation on Giant Resonances in Light, Medium and Heavy Mass Nuclei
text, January 2016

Completing the nuclear reaction puzzle of the nucleosynthesis of 92Mo
text, January 2016

Gamma-ray strength function and pygmy resonance in rare earth nuclei
text, January 2000

Extraction of level density and gamma strength function from primary gamma spectra
text, January 1999

Combined analysis of the low-energy enhancement of the gamma-strength function and the giant dipole resonance
journal, August 2019

Consolidating the concept of low-energy magnetic dipole decay radiation
text, January 2018