The Northwest Africa 8159 martian meteorite: Expanding the martian sample suite to the early Amazonian
Abstract
Northwest Africa (NWA) 8159 is an augite-rich shergottite, with a mineralogy dominated by Ca-, Fe-rich pyroxene, plagioclase, olivine, and magnetite. NWA 8159 crystallized from an evolved melt of basaltic composition under relatively rapid conditions of cooling, likely in a surface lava flow or shallow sill. Redox conditions experienced by the melt shifted from relatively oxidizing (with respect to known Martian lithologies, ~QFM) on the liquidus to higher oxygen fugacity (~QFM + 2) during crystallization of the groundmass, and under subsolidus conditions. This shift resulted in the production of orthopyroxene and magnetite replacing olivine phenocryst rims. NWA 8159 contains both crystalline and shock-amorphized plagioclase (An50–62), often observed within a single grain; based on known calibrations we bracket the peak shock pressure experienced by NWA 8159 to between 15 and 23 GPa. The bulk composition of NWA 8159 is depleted in LREE, as observed for Tissint and other depleted shergottites; however, NWA 8159 is distinct from all other martian lithologies in its bulk composition and oxygen fugacity. Here, we obtain a Sm-Nd formation age of 2.37 ± 0.25 Ga for NWA 8159, which represents an interval in Mars geologic time which, until recently, was not represented in the other martian meteorite types.more »
- Authors:
-
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- Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
- Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; MacEwan Univ., Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Physical Sciences
- Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States). Inst. of Meteoritics, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX (United States)
- Aix-Marseille Univ., and CNRS, Aix-en-Provence (France)
- Inst. de Physique due Globe de Paris, Paris (France)
- Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. Earth and Planetary Sciences
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Munster, Munster (Germany). Inst. for Planetology
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Space Sciences Lab.
- Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1430995
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-739213
Journal ID: ISSN 0016-7037
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; 261740; RES00007057; 10-LASER10–0077; 11-COS11-0066; NNH14AX56I; NNX13AG44G
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 218; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0016-7037
- Publisher:
- The Geochemical Society; The Meteoritical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; Mars; Igneous rocks; Augite-rich shergottites; Amazonian; Mantle sources
Citation Formats
Herd, Christopher D. K., Walton, Erin L., Agee, Carl B., Muttik, Nele, Ziegler, Karen, Shearer, Charles K., Bell, Aaron S., Santos, Alison R., Burger, Paul V., Simon, Justin I., Tappa, Michael J., McCubbin, Francis M., Gattacceca, Jerome, Lagroix, France, Sanborn, Matthew E., Yin, Qing-Zhu, Cassata, William S., Borg, Lars E., Lindvall, Rachel E., Kruijer, Thomas S., Brennecka, Gregory A., Kleine, Thorsten, Nishiizumi, Kunihiko, and Caffee, Marc W. The Northwest Africa 8159 martian meteorite: Expanding the martian sample suite to the early Amazonian. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2017.08.037.
Herd, Christopher D. K., Walton, Erin L., Agee, Carl B., Muttik, Nele, Ziegler, Karen, Shearer, Charles K., Bell, Aaron S., Santos, Alison R., Burger, Paul V., Simon, Justin I., Tappa, Michael J., McCubbin, Francis M., Gattacceca, Jerome, Lagroix, France, Sanborn, Matthew E., Yin, Qing-Zhu, Cassata, William S., Borg, Lars E., Lindvall, Rachel E., Kruijer, Thomas S., Brennecka, Gregory A., Kleine, Thorsten, Nishiizumi, Kunihiko, & Caffee, Marc W. The Northwest Africa 8159 martian meteorite: Expanding the martian sample suite to the early Amazonian. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.08.037
Herd, Christopher D. K., Walton, Erin L., Agee, Carl B., Muttik, Nele, Ziegler, Karen, Shearer, Charles K., Bell, Aaron S., Santos, Alison R., Burger, Paul V., Simon, Justin I., Tappa, Michael J., McCubbin, Francis M., Gattacceca, Jerome, Lagroix, France, Sanborn, Matthew E., Yin, Qing-Zhu, Cassata, William S., Borg, Lars E., Lindvall, Rachel E., Kruijer, Thomas S., Brennecka, Gregory A., Kleine, Thorsten, Nishiizumi, Kunihiko, and Caffee, Marc W. Fri .
"The Northwest Africa 8159 martian meteorite: Expanding the martian sample suite to the early Amazonian". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.08.037. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1430995.
@article{osti_1430995,
title = {The Northwest Africa 8159 martian meteorite: Expanding the martian sample suite to the early Amazonian},
author = {Herd, Christopher D. K. and Walton, Erin L. and Agee, Carl B. and Muttik, Nele and Ziegler, Karen and Shearer, Charles K. and Bell, Aaron S. and Santos, Alison R. and Burger, Paul V. and Simon, Justin I. and Tappa, Michael J. and McCubbin, Francis M. and Gattacceca, Jerome and Lagroix, France and Sanborn, Matthew E. and Yin, Qing-Zhu and Cassata, William S. and Borg, Lars E. and Lindvall, Rachel E. and Kruijer, Thomas S. and Brennecka, Gregory A. and Kleine, Thorsten and Nishiizumi, Kunihiko and Caffee, Marc W.},
abstractNote = {Northwest Africa (NWA) 8159 is an augite-rich shergottite, with a mineralogy dominated by Ca-, Fe-rich pyroxene, plagioclase, olivine, and magnetite. NWA 8159 crystallized from an evolved melt of basaltic composition under relatively rapid conditions of cooling, likely in a surface lava flow or shallow sill. Redox conditions experienced by the melt shifted from relatively oxidizing (with respect to known Martian lithologies, ~QFM) on the liquidus to higher oxygen fugacity (~QFM + 2) during crystallization of the groundmass, and under subsolidus conditions. This shift resulted in the production of orthopyroxene and magnetite replacing olivine phenocryst rims. NWA 8159 contains both crystalline and shock-amorphized plagioclase (An50–62), often observed within a single grain; based on known calibrations we bracket the peak shock pressure experienced by NWA 8159 to between 15 and 23 GPa. The bulk composition of NWA 8159 is depleted in LREE, as observed for Tissint and other depleted shergottites; however, NWA 8159 is distinct from all other martian lithologies in its bulk composition and oxygen fugacity. Here, we obtain a Sm-Nd formation age of 2.37 ± 0.25 Ga for NWA 8159, which represents an interval in Mars geologic time which, until recently, was not represented in the other martian meteorite types. The bulk rock 147Sm/144Nd value of 0.37 ± 0.02 is consistent with it being derived directly from its source and the high initial ε143Nd value indicates this source was geochemically highly depleted. Cr, Nd, and W isotopic compositions further support a unique mantle source. While the rock shares similarities with the 2.4-Ga NWA 7635 meteorite, there are notable distinctions between the two meteorites that suggest differences in mantle source compositions and conditions of crystallization. Nevertheless, the two samples may be launch-paired. Finally, NWA 8159 expands the known basalt types, ages and mantle sources within the Mars sample suite to include a second igneous unit from the early Amazonian.},
doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2017.08.037},
journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
number = C,
volume = 218,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Fri Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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