Single Mode Air-Clad Single Crystal Sapphire Optical Fiber
Abstract
The observation of single mode propagation in an air-clad single crystal sapphire optical fiber at wavelengths at and above 783 nm is presented for the first time. A high-temperature wet acid etching method was used to reduce the diameter of a 10 cm length of commercially-sourced sapphire fiber from 125 micrometers to 6.5 micrometers, and far-field imaging provided modal information at intervals as the fiber diameter decreased. Modal volume was shown to decrease with decreasing diameter, and single mode behavior was observed at the minimum diameter achieved. While weakly-guiding approximations are generally inaccurate for low modal volume optical fiber with high core-cladding refractive index disparity, consistency between these approximations and experimental results was observed when the effective numerical aperture was measured and substituted for the theoretical numerical aperture in weakly-guiding approximation calculations. With the demonstration of very low modal volume in sapphire at fiber diameters much larger than anticipated by legacy calculations, the resolution of sapphire fiber distributed sensors may be increased and other sensing schemes requiring very low modal volume, such as fiber Bragg gratings, may be realized in extreme environment applications.
- Authors:
-
- Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Center for Photonics Technology. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1427979
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FE0012274
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Applied Sciences
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2076-3417
- Publisher:
- MDPI
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; sapphire optical fiber; single mode optical fiber; distributed sensing
Citation Formats
Hill, Cary, Homa, Dan, Yu, Zhihao, Cheng, Yujie, Liu, Bo, Wang, Anbo, and Pickrell, Gary. Single Mode Air-Clad Single Crystal Sapphire Optical Fiber. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.3390/app7050473.
Hill, Cary, Homa, Dan, Yu, Zhihao, Cheng, Yujie, Liu, Bo, Wang, Anbo, & Pickrell, Gary. Single Mode Air-Clad Single Crystal Sapphire Optical Fiber. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7050473
Hill, Cary, Homa, Dan, Yu, Zhihao, Cheng, Yujie, Liu, Bo, Wang, Anbo, and Pickrell, Gary. Wed .
"Single Mode Air-Clad Single Crystal Sapphire Optical Fiber". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7050473. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1427979.
@article{osti_1427979,
title = {Single Mode Air-Clad Single Crystal Sapphire Optical Fiber},
author = {Hill, Cary and Homa, Dan and Yu, Zhihao and Cheng, Yujie and Liu, Bo and Wang, Anbo and Pickrell, Gary},
abstractNote = {The observation of single mode propagation in an air-clad single crystal sapphire optical fiber at wavelengths at and above 783 nm is presented for the first time. A high-temperature wet acid etching method was used to reduce the diameter of a 10 cm length of commercially-sourced sapphire fiber from 125 micrometers to 6.5 micrometers, and far-field imaging provided modal information at intervals as the fiber diameter decreased. Modal volume was shown to decrease with decreasing diameter, and single mode behavior was observed at the minimum diameter achieved. While weakly-guiding approximations are generally inaccurate for low modal volume optical fiber with high core-cladding refractive index disparity, consistency between these approximations and experimental results was observed when the effective numerical aperture was measured and substituted for the theoretical numerical aperture in weakly-guiding approximation calculations. With the demonstration of very low modal volume in sapphire at fiber diameters much larger than anticipated by legacy calculations, the resolution of sapphire fiber distributed sensors may be increased and other sensing schemes requiring very low modal volume, such as fiber Bragg gratings, may be realized in extreme environment applications.},
doi = {10.3390/app7050473},
journal = {Applied Sciences},
number = 5,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed May 03 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed May 03 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Single Crystal Fibers: Diversified Functional Crystal Material
journal, December 2019
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- Advanced Fiber Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 3-4
In-fiber integrated quasi-distributed high temperature sensor array
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Time resolved Brillouin fiber-spectrometer
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