Aqueous solubility of Cr(VI) compounds in ferrochrome bag filter dust and the implications thereof

Du Preez, S. P.; Beukes, J. P.; Van Dalen, W. P. J.; Van Zyl, P. G.; Paktunc, D.; Loock-Hattingh, M. M.

doi:10.4314/wsa.v43i2.13

Title: Aqueous solubility of Cr(VI) compounds in ferrochrome bag filter dust and the implications thereof

Abstract

The production of ferrochrome (FeCr) is a reducing process. However, it is impossible to completely exclude oxygen from all of the high-temperature production process steps, which may lead to unintentional formation of small amounts of Cr(VI). The majority of Cr(VI) is associated with particles found in the off-gas of the high-temperature processes, which are cleaned by means of venturi scrubbers or bag filter dust (BFD) systems. BFD contains the highest concentration of Cr(VI) of all FeCr wastes. In this study, the solubility of Cr(VI) present in BFD was determined by evaluating four different BFD samples. The results indicate that the currently applied Cr(VI) treatment strategies of the FeCr producer (with process water pH ≤ 9) only effectively extract and treat the water-soluble Cr(VI) compounds, which merely represented approximately 31% of the total Cr(VI) present in the BFD samples evaluated. Extended extraction time, within the afore-mentioned pH range, proved futile in extracting sparingly-soluble and water-insoluble Cr(VI) species, which represented approximately 34% and 35% of the total Cr(VI), respectively. Due to the deficiencies of the current treatment strategies, it is highly likely that sparingly water-soluble Cr(VI) compounds will leach from waste storage facilities (e.g. slimes dams) over time. Therefore, it is criticalmore »« less

Authors:

Du Preez, S. P. ^[1]; Beukes, J. P. ^[1]; Van Dalen, W. P. J. ^[1]; Van Zyl, P. G. ^[1]; Paktunc, D. ^[2]; Loock-Hattingh, M. M. ^[1]

North-West Univ., Potchefstroom (South Africa). Chemical Resource Beneficiation
Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON (Canada). CanmetMINING

Publication Date:: Fri Apr 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: North-West Univ., Potchefstroom (South Africa); Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON (Canada); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Research Foundation (NRF) (South Africa); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1425801

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1417378

Grant/Contract Number:: FG03-97ER45628; W-31-109-Eng-38; 101345

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Water SA

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 43; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-4738

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; hexavalent chromium; Cr(VI); ferrochromium; ferrochrome; bag filter dust; smelter waste

Citation Formats


                    Du Preez, S. P., Beukes, J. P., Van Dalen, W. P. J., Van Zyl, P. G., Paktunc, D., and Loock-Hattingh, M. M. Aqueous solubility of Cr(VI) compounds in ferrochrome bag filter dust and the implications thereof.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.4314/wsa.v43i2.13.

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                    Du Preez, S. P., Beukes, J. P., Van Dalen, W. P. J., Van Zyl, P. G., Paktunc, D., & Loock-Hattingh, M. M. Aqueous solubility of Cr(VI) compounds in ferrochrome bag filter dust and the implications thereof.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v43i2.13

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                    Du Preez, S. P., Beukes, J. P., Van Dalen, W. P. J., Van Zyl, P. G., Paktunc, D., and Loock-Hattingh, M. M. Fri .  
"Aqueous solubility of Cr(VI) compounds in ferrochrome bag filter dust and the implications thereof".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v43i2.13.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1425801.

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@article{osti_1425801,

  title        = {Aqueous solubility of Cr(VI) compounds in ferrochrome bag filter dust and the implications thereof},

  author       = {Du Preez, S. P. and Beukes, J. P. and Van Dalen, W. P. J. and Van Zyl, P. G. and Paktunc, D. and Loock-Hattingh, M. M.},

  abstractNote = {The production of ferrochrome (FeCr) is a reducing process. However, it is impossible to completely exclude oxygen from all of the high-temperature production process steps, which may lead to unintentional formation of small amounts of Cr(VI). The majority of Cr(VI) is associated with particles found in the off-gas of the high-temperature processes, which are cleaned by means of venturi scrubbers or bag filter dust (BFD) systems. BFD contains the highest concentration of Cr(VI) of all FeCr wastes. In this study, the solubility of Cr(VI) present in BFD was determined by evaluating four different BFD samples. The results indicate that the currently applied Cr(VI) treatment strategies of the FeCr producer (with process water pH ≤ 9) only effectively extract and treat the water-soluble Cr(VI) compounds, which merely represented approximately 31% of the total Cr(VI) present in the BFD samples evaluated. Extended extraction time, within the afore-mentioned pH range, proved futile in extracting sparingly-soluble and water-insoluble Cr(VI) species, which represented approximately 34% and 35% of the total Cr(VI), respectively. Due to the deficiencies of the current treatment strategies, it is highly likely that sparingly water-soluble Cr(VI) compounds will leach from waste storage facilities (e.g. slimes dams) over time. Therefore, it is critical that improved Cr(VI) treatment strategies be formulated, which should be an important future perspective for FeCr producers and researchers alike.},

  doi          = {10.4314/wsa.v43i2.13},

  journal      = {Water SA},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 43,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Apr 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Fri Apr 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

A conceptual model to understand the soluble and insoluble Cr species in deliquesced particles
journal, August 2019

Konakbayeva, Dinara; Adotey, Enoch Kwasi; Amouei Torkmahalleh, Mehdi
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, Vol. 12, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1007/s11869-019-00725-5

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Title: Aqueous solubility of Cr(VI) compounds in ferrochrome bag filter dust and the implications thereof

Abstract

Citation Formats

A conceptual model to understand the soluble and insoluble Cr species in deliquesced particles journal, August 2019

A conceptual model to understand the soluble and insoluble Cr species in deliquesced particles
journal, August 2019