Hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide and the origin of ultralow-velocity zones
Abstract
Ultralow-velocity zones (ULVZs) at Earth’s core–mantle boundary region have important implications for the chemical composition and thermal structure of our planet, but their origin has long been debated. Hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide (FeO2Hx) in the pyrite-type crystal structure was recently found to be stable under the conditions of the lowermost mantle. Using high-pressure experiments and theoretical calculations, we find that iron peroxide with a varying amount of hydrogen has a high density and high Poisson ratio as well as extremely low sound velocities consistent with ULVZs. Here in this paper we also report a reaction between iron and water at 86 gigapascals and 2,200 kelvin that produces FeO2Hx. This would provide a mechanism for generating the observed volume occupied by ULVZs through the reaction of about one-tenth the mass of Earth’s ocean water in subducted hydrous minerals with the effectively unlimited reservoir of iron in Earth’s core. Unlike other candidates for the composition of ULVZs, FeO2Hx synthesized from the superoxidation of iron by water would not require an extra transportation mechanism to migrate to the core–mantle boundary. These dense FeO2Hx-rich domains would be expected to form directly in the core–mantle boundary region and their properties would provide an explanation for themore »
- Authors:
-
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Geological Sciences
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Geological Sciences; Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China)
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China)
- Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China). Lab. of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior, School of Earth and Space Sciences
- Carnegie Inst. of Washington, Argonne, IL (United States). Geophysical Lab.
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Center for Advanced Radiation Sources
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China); Carnegie Inst. of Washington, Argonne, IL (United States). Geophysical Lab.
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Geological Sciences; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science (SIMES)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1423460
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature (London)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Nature (London); Journal Volume: 551; Journal Issue: 7681; Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; Geophysics; Mineralogy
Citation Formats
Liu, Jin, Hu, Qingyang, Young Kim, Duck, Wu, Zhongqing, Wang, Wenzhong, Xiao, Yuming, Chow, Paul, Meng, Yue, Prakapenka, Vitali B., Mao, Ho-Kwang, and Mao, Wendy L. Hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide and the origin of ultralow-velocity zones. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1038/nature24461.
Liu, Jin, Hu, Qingyang, Young Kim, Duck, Wu, Zhongqing, Wang, Wenzhong, Xiao, Yuming, Chow, Paul, Meng, Yue, Prakapenka, Vitali B., Mao, Ho-Kwang, & Mao, Wendy L. Hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide and the origin of ultralow-velocity zones. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24461
Liu, Jin, Hu, Qingyang, Young Kim, Duck, Wu, Zhongqing, Wang, Wenzhong, Xiao, Yuming, Chow, Paul, Meng, Yue, Prakapenka, Vitali B., Mao, Ho-Kwang, and Mao, Wendy L. Wed .
"Hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide and the origin of ultralow-velocity zones". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24461. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1423460.
@article{osti_1423460,
title = {Hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide and the origin of ultralow-velocity zones},
author = {Liu, Jin and Hu, Qingyang and Young Kim, Duck and Wu, Zhongqing and Wang, Wenzhong and Xiao, Yuming and Chow, Paul and Meng, Yue and Prakapenka, Vitali B. and Mao, Ho-Kwang and Mao, Wendy L.},
abstractNote = {Ultralow-velocity zones (ULVZs) at Earth’s core–mantle boundary region have important implications for the chemical composition and thermal structure of our planet, but their origin has long been debated. Hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide (FeO2Hx) in the pyrite-type crystal structure was recently found to be stable under the conditions of the lowermost mantle. Using high-pressure experiments and theoretical calculations, we find that iron peroxide with a varying amount of hydrogen has a high density and high Poisson ratio as well as extremely low sound velocities consistent with ULVZs. Here in this paper we also report a reaction between iron and water at 86 gigapascals and 2,200 kelvin that produces FeO2Hx. This would provide a mechanism for generating the observed volume occupied by ULVZs through the reaction of about one-tenth the mass of Earth’s ocean water in subducted hydrous minerals with the effectively unlimited reservoir of iron in Earth’s core. Unlike other candidates for the composition of ULVZs, FeO2Hx synthesized from the superoxidation of iron by water would not require an extra transportation mechanism to migrate to the core–mantle boundary. These dense FeO2Hx-rich domains would be expected to form directly in the core–mantle boundary region and their properties would provide an explanation for the many enigmatic seismic features that are observed in ULVZs},
doi = {10.1038/nature24461},
journal = {Nature (London)},
number = 7681,
volume = 551,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Nov 22 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Wed Nov 22 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 98 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Evidence for primordial water in Earth’s deep mantle
journal, November 2015
- Hallis, Lydia J.; Huss, Gary R.; Nagashima, Kazuhide
- Science, Vol. 350, Issue 6262
The laser micro-machining system for diamond anvil cell experiments and general precision machining applications at the High Pressure Collaborative Access Team
journal, July 2015
- Hrubiak, Rostislav; Sinogeikin, Stanislav; Rod, Eric
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 7
The difficulty for subducted oceanic crust to accumulate at the Earth's core-mantle boundary: DIFFICULTY FOR MORB TO ACCUMULATE AT CMB
journal, April 2013
- Li, Mingming; McNamara, Allen K.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 118, Issue 4
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996
- Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868
X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy study of fcc iron hydride FeH at high pressures and implications for the composition of the Earth's core
journal, July 2011
- Narygina, Olga; Dubrovinsky, Leonid S.; McCammon, Catherine A.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 307, Issue 3-4
Efficient pseudopotentials for plane-wave calculations. II. Operators for fast iterative diagonalization
journal, April 1991
- Troullier, N.; Martins, José Luriaas
- Physical Review B, Vol. 43, Issue 11
Projector augmented-wave method
journal, December 1994
- Blöchl, P. E.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 24, p. 17953-17979
Iron isotopic fractionation between silicate mantle and metallic core at high pressure
journal, February 2017
- Liu, Jin; Dauphas, Nicolas; Roskosz, Mathieu
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Dehydrogenation of goethite in Earth’s deep lower mantle
journal, January 2017
- Hu, Qingyang; Kim, Duck Young; Liu, Jin
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 7
Hydrogenation of iron in the early stage of Earth’s evolution
journal, January 2017
- Iizuka-Oku, Riko; Yagi, Takehiko; Gotou, Hirotada
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
FeO2 and FeOOH under deep lower-mantle conditions and Earth’s oxygen–hydrogen cycles
journal, June 2016
- Hu, Qingyang; Kim, Duck Young; Yang, Wenge
- Nature, Vol. 534, Issue 7606
QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials
journal, September 2009
- Giannozzi, Paolo; Baroni, Stefano; Bonini, Nicola
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 21, Issue 39, Article No. 395502
Toward an internally consistent pressure scale
journal, May 2007
- Fei, Y.; Ricolleau, A.; Frank, M.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 104, Issue 22
Lattice dynamics calculations for ferropericlase with internally consistent LDA+ U method : LATTICE DYNAMICS OF FERROPERICLASE
journal, December 2012
- Fukui, Hiroshi; Tsuchiya, Taku; Baron, Alfred Q. R.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 117, Issue B12
Evidence for partial melt at the core–mantle boundary north of Tonga from the strong scattering of seismic waves
journal, February 1998
- Vidale, John E.; Hedlin, Michael A. H.
- Nature, Vol. 391, Issue 6668
Electron-energy-loss spectra and the structural stability of nickel oxide: An LSDA+U study
journal, January 1998
- Dudarev, S. L.; Botton, G. A.; Savrasov, S. Y.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 57, Issue 3, p. 1505-1509
New developments in laser-heated diamond anvil cell with in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction at High Pressure Collaborative Access Team
journal, July 2015
- Meng, Yue; Hrubiak, Rostislav; Rod, Eric
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 7
Hydrogen Partitioning into Molten Iron at High Pressure: Implications for Earth's Core
journal, December 1997
- Okuchi, Takuo
- Science, Vol. 278, Issue 5344
Origins of ultralow velocity zones through slab-derived metallic melt
journal, May 2016
- Liu, Jiachao; Li, Jie; Hrubiak, Rostislav
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 20
PHON: A program to calculate phonons using the small displacement method
journal, December 2009
- Alfè, Dario
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 180, Issue 12
Seismic detection of a thin laterally varying boundary layer at the base of the mantle beneath the central-Pacific
journal, May 1996
- Garnero, Edward J.; Helmberger, Donald V.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 23, Issue 9
Stable magnesium peroxide at high pressure
journal, September 2015
- Lobanov, Sergey S.; Zhu, Qiang; Holtgrewe, Nicholas
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Pressure calibration of diamond anvil Raman gauge to 410 GPa
journal, March 2010
- Akahama, Yuichi; Kawamura, Haruki
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 215
Inferences on ultralow-velocity zone structure from a global analysis of SPdKS waves : GLOBAL ULVZ STRUCTURE
journal, August 2004
- Thorne, Michael S.; Garnero, Edward J.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 109, Issue B8
Linear response approach to the calculation of the effective interaction parameters in the method
journal, January 2005
- Cococcioni, Matteo; de Gironcoli, Stefano
- Physical Review B, Vol. 71, Issue 3
Tracking deep mantle reservoirs with ultra-low velocity zones
journal, October 2010
- McNamara, Allen K.; Garnero, Edward J.; Rost, Sebastian
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 299, Issue 1-2
Fluid Processes in Subduction Zones
journal, April 1990
- Peacock, S. A.
- Science, Vol. 248, Issue 4953
Second-order elastic constants of a solid under stress
journal, March 1965
- Barron, T. H. K.; Klein, M. L.
- Proceedings of the Physical Society, Vol. 85, Issue 3
Seismic Evidence for Partial Melt at the Base of Earth's Mantle
journal, September 1996
- Williams, Q.; Garnero, E. J.
- Science, Vol. 273, Issue 5281
Structural properties of ordered high-melting-temperature intermetallic alloys from first-principles total-energy calculations
journal, May 1990
- Mehl, M. J.; Osburn, J. E.; Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 41, Issue 15
Mega ultra low velocity zone and mantle flow
journal, February 2013
- Thorne, Michael S.; Garnero, Edward J.; Jahnke, Gunnar
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 364
Direct shock compression experiments on premolten forsterite and progress toward a consistent high-pressure equation of state for CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -FeO liquids : SHOCK COMPRESSION OF MOLTEN FORSTERITE
journal, November 2013
- Thomas, Claire W.; Asimow, Paul D.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 118, Issue 11
Iron-Rich Post-Perovskite and the Origin of Ultralow-Velocity Zones
journal, April 2006
- Mao, W. L.
- Science, Vol. 312, Issue 5773
Advanced flat top laser heating system for high pressure research at GSECARS: application to the melting behavior of germanium
journal, September 2008
- Prakapenka, V. B.; Kubo, A.; Kuznetsov, A.
- High Pressure Research, Vol. 28, Issue 3
Sediments at the Top of Earth's Core
journal, November 2000
- Buffett, B. A.
- Science, Vol. 290, Issue 5495
Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set
journal, October 1996
- Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 54, Issue 16, p. 11169-11186
First principles phonon calculations in materials science
journal, November 2015
- Togo, Atsushi; Tanaka, Isao
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 108
Ab initio investigation on the high-temperature thermodynamic properties of Fe 3+ -bearing MgSiO 3 perovskite : THERMODYNAMICS OF Fe
journal, January 2013
- Tsuchiya, Taku; Wang, Xianlong
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 118, Issue 1
Subducted banded iron formations as a source of ultralow-velocity zones at the core–mantle boundary
journal, March 2005
- Dobson, David P.; Brodholt, John P.
- Nature, Vol. 434, Issue 7031
CONUSS and PHOENIX: Evaluation of nuclear resonant scattering data
journal, March 2000
- Sturhahn, W.
- Hyperfine Interactions, Vol. 125, Issue 1/4, p. 149-172
Band theory and Mott insulators: Hubbard U instead of Stoner I
journal, July 1991
- Anisimov, Vladimir I.; Zaanen, Jan; Andersen, Ole K.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 44, Issue 3, p. 943-954
Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: Applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation
journal, September 1992
- Perdew, John P.; Chevary, J. A.; Vosko, S. H.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 46, Issue 11
Thermodynamic properties of (Mg,Fe2+)SiO3 perovskite at the lower-mantle pressures and temperatures: an internally consistent LSDA+ U study
journal, July 2012
- Metsue, Arnaud; Tsuchiya, Taku
- Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 190, Issue 1
Preliminary reference Earth model
journal, June 1981
- Dziewonski, Adam M.; Anderson, Don L.
- Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 25, Issue 4
Discovery of Fe7O9: a new iron oxide with a complex monoclinic structure
journal, September 2016
- Sinmyo, Ryosuke; Bykova, Elena; Ovsyannikov, Sergey V.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Metal-insulator transition and the role of electron correlation in
journal, February 2017
- Jang, Bo Gyu; Kim, Duck Young; Shim, Ji Hoon
- Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 7
The pyrite-type high-pressure form of FeOOH
journal, July 2017
- Nishi, Masayuki; Kuwayama, Yasuhiro; Tsuchiya, Jun
- Nature, Vol. 547, Issue 7662
Melting of Iron at Earth's Inner Core Boundary Based on Fast X-ray Diffraction
journal, April 2013
- Anzellini, S.; Dewaele, A.; Mezouar, M.
- Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6131
The stability of hydrous silicates in Earth's lower mantle: Experimental constraints from the systems MgO–SiO2–H2O and MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O
journal, December 2015
- Walter, M. J.; Thomson, A. R.; Wang, W.
- Chemical Geology, Vol. 418
Continent-sized anomalous zones with low seismic velocity at the base of Earth's mantle
journal, June 2016
- Garnero, Edward J.; McNamara, Allen K.; Shim, Sang-Heon
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 9, Issue 7
Very low sound velocities in iron-rich (Mg,Fe)O: Implications for the core-mantle boundary region: SOUND VELOCITIES OF IRON-RICH (Mg,Fe)O
journal, August 2010
- Wicks, J. K.; Jackson, J. M.; Sturhahn, W.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 15
From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method
journal, January 1999
- Kresse, G.; Joubert, D.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 59, Issue 3, p. 1758-1775
Works referencing / citing this record:
Thermal equation of state of MgSiO4H2 phase H determined by in situ X-ray diffraction and a multianvil apparatus
journal, June 2018
- Nishi, Masayuki; Tsuchiya, Jun; Arimoto, Takeshi
- Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 45, Issue 10
Elasticity and Anisotropy of the Pyrite-Type FeO2H-FeO2 System in Earth’s Lowermost Mantle
journal, July 2018
- Huang, Shengxuan; Qin, Shan; Wu, Xiang
- Journal of Earth Science, Vol. 30, Issue 6
First‐Principles Study of FeO 2 H x Solid and Melt System at High Pressures: Implications for Ultralow‐Velocity Zones
journal, May 2019
- Deng, Jie; Karki, Bijaya B.; Ghosh, Dipta B.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 124, Issue 5
Solid Solution and Compression Behavior of Hydroxides in the Lower Mantle
journal, October 2019
- Nishi, M.; Tsuchiya, J.; Kuwayama, Y.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 124, Issue 10
Altered chemistry of oxygen and iron under deep Earth conditions
journal, January 2019
- Liu, Jin; Hu, Qingyang; Bi, Wenli
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Direct observation of symmetrization of hydrogen bond in δ-AlOOH under mantle conditions using neutron diffraction
journal, October 2018
- Sano-Furukawa, Asami; Hattori, Takanori; Komatsu, Kazuki
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Novel phases in ammonia-water mixtures under pressure
journal, December 2018
- Naden Robinson, Victor; Marqués, Miriam; Wang, Yanchao
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 149, Issue 23
Metallic iron limits silicate hydration in Earth’s transition zone
journal, October 2019
- Zhu, Feng; Li, Jie; Liu, Jiachao
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 45
The dynamics and impact of compositionally originating provinces in a mantle convection model featuring rheologically obtained plates
journal, December 2019
- Langemeyer, Sean M.; Lowman, Julian P.; Tackley, Paul J.
- Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 220, Issue 3
CO2-induced destabilization of pyrite-structured FeO2Hx in the lower mantle
journal, March 2018
- Boulard, Eglantine; Guyot, François; Menguy, Nicolas
- National Science Review, Vol. 5, Issue 6
Altered chemistry of oxygen and iron under deep Earth conditions
journal, January 2019
- Liu, Jin; Hu, Qingyang; Bi, Wenli
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Direct observation of symmetrization of hydrogen bond in δ-AlOOH under mantle conditions using neutron diffraction
journal, October 2018
- Sano-Furukawa, Asami; Hattori, Takanori; Komatsu, Kazuki
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1