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Title: Tailored interfaces of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells for >1,000 hour operational stability

Abstract

Long-term device stability is the most pressing issue that impedes perovskite solar cell commercialization, given the achieved 22.7% efficiency. The perovskite absorber material itself has been heavily scrutinized for being prone to degradation by water, oxygen and ultraviolet light. To date, most reports characterize device stability in the absence of these extrinsic factors. Here we show that, even under the combined stresses of light (including ultraviolet light), oxygen and moisture, perovskite solar cells can retain 94% of peak efficiency despite 1,000 hours of continuous unencapsulated operation in ambient air conditions (relative humidity of 10-20%). Each interface and contact layer throughout the device stack plays an important role in the overall stability which, when appropriately modified, yields devices in which both the initial rapid decay (often termed burn-in) and the gradual slower decay are suppressed. This extensively modified device architecture and the understanding developed will lead towards durable long-term device performance.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  2. Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
  3. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office
OSTI Identifier:
1419410
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5900-68531
Journal ID: ISSN 2058-7546
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC36-08GO28308
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Energy
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2058-7546
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
14 SOLAR ENERGY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; perovskite solar cells; efficiency; stability

Citation Formats

Christians, Jeffrey A., Schulz, Philip, Tinkham, Jonathan S., Schloemer, Tracy H., Harvey, Steven P., Tremolet de Villers, Bertrand J., Sellinger, Alan, Berry, Joseph J., and Luther, Joseph M. Tailored interfaces of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells for >1,000 hour operational stability. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1038/s41560-017-0067-y.
Christians, Jeffrey A., Schulz, Philip, Tinkham, Jonathan S., Schloemer, Tracy H., Harvey, Steven P., Tremolet de Villers, Bertrand J., Sellinger, Alan, Berry, Joseph J., & Luther, Joseph M. Tailored interfaces of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells for >1,000 hour operational stability. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-017-0067-y
Christians, Jeffrey A., Schulz, Philip, Tinkham, Jonathan S., Schloemer, Tracy H., Harvey, Steven P., Tremolet de Villers, Bertrand J., Sellinger, Alan, Berry, Joseph J., and Luther, Joseph M. Tue . "Tailored interfaces of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells for >1,000 hour operational stability". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-017-0067-y. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1419410.
@article{osti_1419410,
title = {Tailored interfaces of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells for >1,000 hour operational stability},
author = {Christians, Jeffrey A. and Schulz, Philip and Tinkham, Jonathan S. and Schloemer, Tracy H. and Harvey, Steven P. and Tremolet de Villers, Bertrand J. and Sellinger, Alan and Berry, Joseph J. and Luther, Joseph M.},
abstractNote = {Long-term device stability is the most pressing issue that impedes perovskite solar cell commercialization, given the achieved 22.7% efficiency. The perovskite absorber material itself has been heavily scrutinized for being prone to degradation by water, oxygen and ultraviolet light. To date, most reports characterize device stability in the absence of these extrinsic factors. Here we show that, even under the combined stresses of light (including ultraviolet light), oxygen and moisture, perovskite solar cells can retain 94% of peak efficiency despite 1,000 hours of continuous unencapsulated operation in ambient air conditions (relative humidity of 10-20%). Each interface and contact layer throughout the device stack plays an important role in the overall stability which, when appropriately modified, yields devices in which both the initial rapid decay (often termed burn-in) and the gradual slower decay are suppressed. This extensively modified device architecture and the understanding developed will lead towards durable long-term device performance.},
doi = {10.1038/s41560-017-0067-y},
journal = {Nature Energy},
number = 1,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Nov 28 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Tue Nov 28 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}

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Nanoscale mapping of chemical composition in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite films
journal, October 2019

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Pyrrole: an additive for improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells
journal, January 2019

  • Liu, Xuping; Wu, Jihuai; Guo, Qiyao
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 19
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Suppressing defects through the synergistic effect of a Lewis base and a Lewis acid for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
journal, January 2018

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Laser‐Processed Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules
journal, April 2020


On the effect of atomic layer deposited Al 2 O 3 on the environmental degradation of hybrid perovskite probed by positron annihilation spectroscopy
journal, January 2019

  • Koushik, Dibyashree; Naziris, Frideriki; Melskens, Jimmy
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 18
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A review on morphology engineering for highly efficient and stable hybrid perovskite solar cells
journal, January 2018

  • Li, Yang; Ji, Li; Liu, Rugeng
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All-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals: synthesis, surface engineering and applications
journal, January 2019

  • Yang, Di; Cao, Muhan; Zhong, Qixuan
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 4
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Benefit from Photon Recycling at the Maximum-Power Point of State-of-the-Art Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, July 2019


Dimensional tailoring of hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics
journal, November 2018


Synergistic Effect of Elevated Device Temperature and Excess Charge Carriers on the Rapid Light-Induced Degradation of Perovskite Solar Cells
text, January 2019

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Effect of tantalum doping on SnO 2 electron transport layer via low temperature process for perovskite solar cells
journal, September 2019

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Excellent Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells by Passivation Engineering
journal, May 2018


Evaluation of multiple cation/anion perovskite solar cells through life cycle assessment
journal, January 2018

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Attaining High Photovoltaic Efficiency and Stability with Multidimensional Perovskites.
text, January 2018

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Hybrid Perovskites Depth Profiling with Variable-Size Argon Clusters and Monatomic Ions Beams
journal, March 2019

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Cs 0.15 FA 0.85 PbI 3 perovskite solar cells for concentrator photovoltaic applications
journal, January 2018

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  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 44
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Review on Practical Interface Engineering of Perovskite Solar Cells: From Efficiency to Stability
journal, July 2019


Highly Efficient and Ultrasensitive Large-Area Flexible Photodetector Based on Perovskite Nanowires
journal, November 2018


Insights into operational stability and processing of halide perovskite active layers
journal, January 2019

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Scalable fabrication of perovskite solar cells
journal, March 2018


Versatile perovskite solar cell encapsulation by low-temperature ALD-Al 2 O 3 with long-term stability improvement
journal, January 2018

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Beneficial impact of materials with reduced dimensionality on the stability of perovskite-based photovoltaics
journal, August 2019

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Exploring Inorganic Binary Alkaline Halide to Passivate Defects in Low-Temperature-Processed Planar-Structure Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, April 2018


Extending the Photovoltaic Response of Perovskite Solar Cells into the Near‐Infrared with a Narrow‐Bandgap Organic Semiconductor
journal, September 2019


In Situ Back‐Contact Passivation Improves Photovoltage and Fill Factor in Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, February 2019

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High‐Performance Multilayer Encapsulation for Perovskite Photovoltaics
journal, July 2018

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Inkjet‐Printed Micrometer‐Thick Perovskite Solar Cells with Large Columnar Grains
journal, December 2019

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Interface and Defect Engineering for Metal Halide Perovskite Optoelectronic Devices
journal, September 2018


Origin of Performance Enhancement in TiO 2 ‐Carbon Nanotube Composite Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, May 2019

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Probing the origins of photodegradation in organic–inorganic metal halide perovskites with time-resolved mass spectrometry
journal, January 2018

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Tailoring solvent coordination for high-speed, room-temperature blading of perovskite photovoltaic films
journal, December 2019

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Charge extraction via graded doping of hole transport layers gives highly luminescent and stable metal halide perovskite devices
journal, February 2019

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Efficient lateral-structure perovskite single crystal solar cells with high operational stability
journal, January 2020


Consensus statement for stability assessment and reporting for perovskite photovoltaics based on ISOS procedures
text, January 2020

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Gravure‐Printed Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells: Toward Roll‐to‐Roll Manufacturing
journal, January 2019

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Anomalous effect of UV light on the humidity dependence of photocurrent in perovskite solar cells
journal, July 2018


All-Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Opportunities and Challenges
journal, May 2018


Efficient two-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells enabled by high-quality low-bandgap absorber layers
journal, November 2018


Enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells via interface modification
journal, August 2019


A Universal Double-Side Passivation for High Open-Circuit Voltage in Perovskite Solar Cells: Role of Carbonyl Groups in Poly(methyl methacrylate)
journal, September 2018

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Molecularly engineered hole-transport material for low-cost perovskite solar cells
journal, January 2020

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Degradation Kinetics of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, April 2018


Partially replacing Pb 2+ by Mn 2+ in hybrid metal halide perovskites: Structural and electronic properties
journal, December 2018

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Atomic layer deposition of vanadium oxide to reduce parasitic absorption and improve stability in n–i–p perovskite solar cells for tandems
journal, January 2019

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Scalable Fabrication of Stable High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Utilizing Room Temperature Sputtered SnO 2 Electron Transport Layer
journal, December 2018

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It's a trap! On the nature of localised states and charge trapping in lead halide perovskites
journal, January 2020

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Stability improvement under high efficiency—next stage development of perovskite solar cells
journal, April 2019


Recent advances and perspectives on light emitting diodes fabricated from halide metal perovskite nanocrystals
journal, January 2019

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Chemical Analysis of the Interface between Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskite and Atomic Layer Deposited Al 2 O 3
journal, January 2019

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Doping strategies for small molecule organic hole-transport materials: impacts on perovskite solar cell performance and stability
journal, January 2019

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Chemical Approaches for Stabilizing Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, November 2019


Inorganic CsPbI 3 Perovskites toward High‐Efficiency Photovoltaics
journal, June 2019

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CsI‐Antisolvent Adduct Formation in All‐Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskites
journal, January 2020

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Pb clustering and PbI2 nanofragmentation during methylammonium lead iodide perovskite degradation
journal, May 2019

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Surface modification of a hole transporting layer for an efficient perovskite solar cell with an enhanced fill factor and stability
journal, January 2018

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Efficient All‐Solution‐Processed Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes Enabled by Small‐Molecule Doped Electron Injection Layers
journal, November 2019

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Negligible‐Pb‐Waste and Upscalable Perovskite Deposition Technology for High‐Operational‐Stability Perovskite Solar Modules
journal, February 2019

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Recent Advances in Energetics and Stability of Metal Halide Perovskites for Optoelectronic Applications
journal, December 2018

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Electron‐Beam‐Evaporated Nickel Oxide Hole Transport Layers for Perovskite‐Based Photovoltaics
journal, January 2019

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Interface Engineering in n‐i‐p Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, September 2018


Energy yield of all thin‐film perovskite/CIGS tandem solar modules
journal, December 2018

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SnO 2 : A Wonderful Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, June 2018


Improving the stability and performance of perovskite solar cells via off-the-shelf post-device ligand treatment
journal, January 2018

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Reactions at noble metal contacts with methylammonium lead triiodide perovskites: Role of underpotential deposition and electrochemistry
journal, April 2019

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Planar perovskite solar cells with long-term stability using ionic liquid additives
journal, July 2019


Inorganic p-Type Semiconductors as Hole Conductor Building Blocks for Robust Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, July 2018

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Stability progress of perovskite solar cells dependent on the crystalline structure: From 3D ABX 3 to 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite absorbers
journal, January 2019

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Fractional deviations in precursor stoichiometry dictate the properties, performance and stability of perovskite photovoltaic devices
journal, January 2018

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I 2 vapor-induced degradation of formamidinium lead iodide based perovskite solar cells under heat–light soaking conditions
journal, January 2019

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Suppressing Vacancy Defects and Grain Boundaries via Ostwald Ripening for High‐Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, November 2019


Perovskite solar cells employing an eco-friendly and low-cost inorganic hole transport layer for enhanced photovoltaic performance and operational stability
journal, January 2019

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Efficient all-air processed mixed cation carbon-based perovskite solar cells with ultra-high stability
journal, January 2019

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Recent Progress in Inorganic Hole Transport Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, July 2019


A non-equilibrium Ti 4+ doping strategy for an efficient hematite electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells
journal, January 2018

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A chemically inert bismuth interlayer enhances long-term stability of inverted perovskite solar cells
journal, March 2019


Barium acetate as an additive for high performance perovskite solar cells
journal, January 2019

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Consensus statement for stability assessment and reporting for perovskite photovoltaics based on ISOS procedures
text, January 2020

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  • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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