DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: On compression and damage evolution in two thermoplastics

Abstract

The well-known Taylor cylinder impact test, which follows the impact of a flat-ended cylindrical rod onto a rigid stationary anvil, is conducted over a range of impact speeds for two polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK). In previous work, experiments and a model were developed to capture the deformation behaviour of the cylinder after impact. These works showed a region in which spatial and temporal variation of both longitudinal and radial deformation provided evidence of changes in phase within the material. In this further series of experiments, this region is imaged in a range of impacted targets at the Diamond synchrotron. Further techniques were fielded to resolve compressed regions within the recovered polymer cylinders that showed a fracture zone in the impact region. The combination of macroscopic high-speed photography and three-dimensional X-ray imaging has identified the development of failure with these polymers and shown that there is no abrupt transition in behaviours but rather a continuous range of responses to competing operating mechanisms. The behaviours noted in PEEK in these polymers show critical gaps in understanding of polymer high strain-rate response.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [4]
  1. Univ. of Manchester (United Kingdom)
  2. Univ. of Manchester (United Kingdom); Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Adelaide (Australia)
  3. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Harwell Campus, Oxford (United Kingdom). Diamond Light Source, Ltd.
  4. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP)
OSTI Identifier:
1414106
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-17-22185
Journal ID: ISSN 1364-5021; TRN: US1800636
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-06NA25396
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Proceedings of the Royal Society. A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 473; Journal Issue: 2197; Journal ID: ISSN 1364-5021
Publisher:
The Royal Society Publishing
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats

Bourne, N. K., Garcea, S. C., Eastwood, D. S., Parry, S., Rau, C., Withers, P. J., McDonald, S. A., and Brown, E. N. On compression and damage evolution in two thermoplastics. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1098/rspa.2016.0495.
Bourne, N. K., Garcea, S. C., Eastwood, D. S., Parry, S., Rau, C., Withers, P. J., McDonald, S. A., & Brown, E. N. On compression and damage evolution in two thermoplastics. United States. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0495
Bourne, N. K., Garcea, S. C., Eastwood, D. S., Parry, S., Rau, C., Withers, P. J., McDonald, S. A., and Brown, E. N. Wed . "On compression and damage evolution in two thermoplastics". United States. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0495. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1414106.
@article{osti_1414106,
title = {On compression and damage evolution in two thermoplastics},
author = {Bourne, N. K. and Garcea, S. C. and Eastwood, D. S. and Parry, S. and Rau, C. and Withers, P. J. and McDonald, S. A. and Brown, E. N.},
abstractNote = {The well-known Taylor cylinder impact test, which follows the impact of a flat-ended cylindrical rod onto a rigid stationary anvil, is conducted over a range of impact speeds for two polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK). In previous work, experiments and a model were developed to capture the deformation behaviour of the cylinder after impact. These works showed a region in which spatial and temporal variation of both longitudinal and radial deformation provided evidence of changes in phase within the material. In this further series of experiments, this region is imaged in a range of impacted targets at the Diamond synchrotron. Further techniques were fielded to resolve compressed regions within the recovered polymer cylinders that showed a fracture zone in the impact region. The combination of macroscopic high-speed photography and three-dimensional X-ray imaging has identified the development of failure with these polymers and shown that there is no abrupt transition in behaviours but rather a continuous range of responses to competing operating mechanisms. The behaviours noted in PEEK in these polymers show critical gaps in understanding of polymer high strain-rate response.},
doi = {10.1098/rspa.2016.0495},
journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society. A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
number = 2197,
volume = 473,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 18 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Wed Jan 18 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 2 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Figure 1. Figure 1.: Schematic of classic failure modes observed during a ductile to brittle transition in fracture behaviour in Taylor cylinder impact specimens: (a) mushrooming, (b) confined fracture, (c) petalling and (d) shear cracking (adapted from [9]).

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

An experimental and analytical study of the Taylor impact test
journal, August 1994

  • Woodward, R. L.; Burman, N. M.; Baxter, B. J.
  • International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 15, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1016/0734-743X(94)80025-5

Mechanics of Transparent Polymeric Material Assemblies Under Projectile Impact: Simulations and Experiments
conference, November 2011

  • Sarva, Sai; Mulliken, Adam D.; Boyce, Mary C.
  • Proceedings of the 24th US Army Science Conference, Transformational Science and Technology for the Current and Future Force
  • DOI: 10.1142/9789812772572_0029

Impact yielding of high density polyethylene
journal, December 1976


Mechanics of polycarbonate during high-rate tension
journal, January 2007


Crystallinity in PEEK and PEK after mechanical testing and its dependence on strain rate and temperature
journal, March 1996


The response of polyether ether ketone to one-dimensional shock loading
journal, February 2004

  • Millett, J. C. F.; Bourne, N. K.; GrayIII, G. T.
  • Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 37, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/37/6/021

On the equation of motion of the undeformed section of a Taylor impact specimen
journal, January 1987

  • Jones, S. E.; Gillis, Peter P.; Foster, Joseph C.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 61, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.338249

Equation of state of polytetrafluoroethylene
journal, June 2003

  • Bourne, N. K.; Gray, G. T.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 93, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1567821

Practical cone-beam algorithm
journal, January 1984

  • Feldkamp, L. A.; Davis, L. C.; Kress, J. W.
  • Journal of the Optical Society of America A, Vol. 1, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1364/JOSAA.1.000612

The mechanical properties of poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) with emphasis on the large compressive strain response
journal, January 2007


James Forrest Lecture 1946. the Testing of Materials at high Rates of Loading.
journal, October 1946


Taylor impact of polyether ether ketone
journal, July 2006


Pressure-induced phase change in poly(tetrafluoroethylene) at modest impact velocities
journal, September 2005

  • Rae, Philip J.; Brown, Eric N.; Clements, Bradford E.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 98, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2041845

Estimation of yield stress in polymers at high strain-rates using G.I. Taylor's impact technique
journal, October 1978


Shock, release and Taylor impact of the semicrystalline thermoplastic polytetrafluoroethylene
journal, April 2008

  • Bourne, N. K.; Brown, E. N.; Millett, J. C. F.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 103, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2891249

Soft recovery of polytetrafluoroethylene shocked through the crystalline phase II-III transition
journal, January 2007

  • Brown, E. N.; Trujillo, C. P.; Gray, G. T.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 101, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2424536

The strain-rate and temperature dependence of the mechanical properties of polyetherketone and polyetheretherketone
journal, March 1996

  • Hamdan, S.; Swallowe, G. M.
  • Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 31, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1007/BF00357847

Phase transition modeling of polytetrafluoroethylene during Taylor impact
journal, December 2014

  • Resnyansky, A. D.; Bourne, N. K.; Brown, E. N.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 116, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4903817

Dissipation and resilience of elastomeric segmented copolymers under extreme strain rates
journal, October 2013


Constitutive modeling of shock response of polytetrafluoroethylene
journal, August 2011

  • Resnyansky, A. D.; Bourne, N. K.; Millett, J. C. F.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 110, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3619804

The Taylor Impact Response of PTFE (Teflon)
conference, January 2004

  • Rae, Philip J.
  • SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2003: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, AIP Conference Proceedings
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1780328

Impact yielding of high density polyethylene
journal, September 1978


Works referencing / citing this record:

PEEK surface modification by fast ambient-temperature sulfonation for bone implant applications
journal, March 2019

  • Wang, Weigeng; Luo, C. J.; Huang, Jie
  • Journal of The Royal Society Interface, Vol. 16, Issue 152
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0955