Applied axial magnetic field effects on laboratory plasma jets: Density hollowing, field compression, and azimuthal rotation

Byvank, T.; Banasek, J. T.; Potter, W. M.; Greenly, J. B.; Seyler, C. E.; Kusse, B. R.

doi:10.1063/1.5003777

Title: Applied axial magnetic field effects on laboratory plasma jets: Density hollowing, field compression, and azimuthal rotation

Abstract

We experimentally measure the effects of an applied axial magnetic field (B_z) on laboratory plasma jets and compare experimental results with numerical simulations using an extended magnetohydrodynamics code. A 1 MA peak current, 100 ns rise time pulse power machine is used to generate the plasma jet. On application of the axial field, we observe on-axis density hollowing and a conical formation of the jet using interferometry, compression of the applied B_z using magnetic B-dot probes, and azimuthal rotation of the jet using Thomson scattering. Experimentally, we find densities ≤ 5×10¹⁷ cm^-3 on-axis relative to jet densities of ≥ 3×10¹⁸ cm^-3. For aluminum jets, 6.5 ± 0.5 mm above the foil, we find on-axis compression of the applied 1.0 ± 0.1 T B_z to a total 2.4 ± 0.3 T, while simulations predict a peak compression to a total 3.4 T at the same location. On the aluminum jet boundary, we find ion azimuthal rotation velocities of 15-20 km/s, while simulations predict 14 km/s at the density peak. We discuss possible sources of discrepancy between the experiments and simulations, including: surface plasma on B-dot probes, optical fiber spatial resolution, simulation density floors, and 2D vs. 3D simulation effects. Lastly, thismore »« less

Authors:

^[1]; Banasek, J. T. ^[1]; Potter, W. M. ^[1]; Greenly, J. B. ^[1];

^[1]; Kusse, B. R. ^[1]

Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Lab. of Plasma Studies

Publication Date:: Thu Dec 07 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Lab. of Plasma Studies

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1411534

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1411980

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0001836; PHY-1102471

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics of Plasmas

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 24; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; extended magnetohydrodynamics; magnetohydrodynamics; plasma jet; jet; magnetic field; diagnostics; Thomson scattering; B-dot probes; interferometry

Citation Formats


                    Byvank, T., Banasek, J. T., Potter, W. M., Greenly, J. B., Seyler, C. E., and Kusse, B. R. Applied axial magnetic field effects on laboratory plasma jets: Density hollowing, field compression, and azimuthal rotation.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.5003777.

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                    Byvank, T., Banasek, J. T., Potter, W. M., Greenly, J. B., Seyler, C. E., & Kusse, B. R. Applied axial magnetic field effects on laboratory plasma jets: Density hollowing, field compression, and azimuthal rotation.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5003777

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                    Byvank, T., Banasek, J. T., Potter, W. M., Greenly, J. B., Seyler, C. E., and Kusse, B. R. Thu .  
"Applied axial magnetic field effects on laboratory plasma jets: Density hollowing, field compression, and azimuthal rotation".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5003777.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1411534.

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@article{osti_1411534,

  title        = {Applied axial magnetic field effects on laboratory plasma jets: Density hollowing, field compression, and azimuthal rotation},

  author       = {Byvank, T. and Banasek, J. T. and Potter, W. M. and Greenly, J. B. and Seyler, C. E. and Kusse, B. R.},

  abstractNote = {We experimentally measure the effects of an applied axial magnetic field (Bz) on laboratory plasma jets and compare experimental results with numerical simulations using an extended magnetohydrodynamics code. A 1 MA peak current, 100 ns rise time pulse power machine is used to generate the plasma jet. On application of the axial field, we observe on-axis density hollowing and a conical formation of the jet using interferometry, compression of the applied Bz using magnetic B-dot probes, and azimuthal rotation of the jet using Thomson scattering. Experimentally, we find densities ≤ 5×1017 cm-3 on-axis relative to jet densities of ≥ 3×1018 cm-3. For aluminum jets, 6.5 ± 0.5 mm above the foil, we find on-axis compression of the applied 1.0 ± 0.1 T Bz to a total 2.4 ± 0.3 T, while simulations predict a peak compression to a total 3.4 T at the same location. On the aluminum jet boundary, we find ion azimuthal rotation velocities of 15-20 km/s, while simulations predict 14 km/s at the density peak. We discuss possible sources of discrepancy between the experiments and simulations, including: surface plasma on B-dot probes, optical fiber spatial resolution, simulation density floors, and 2D vs. 3D simulation effects. Lastly, this quantitative comparison between experiments and numerical simulations helps elucidate the underlying physics that determine the plasma dynamics of magnetized plasma jets.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.5003777},

  journal      = {Physics of Plasmas},

  number       = 12,

  volume       = 24,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Dec 07 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Thu Dec 07 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Multi-angle multi-pulse time-resolved Thomson scattering on laboratory plasma jets
journal, October 2018

Banasek, J. T.; Rocco, S. V. R.; Potter, W. M.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
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Title: Applied axial magnetic field effects on laboratory plasma jets: Density hollowing, field compression, and azimuthal rotation

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Effect of Wire Diameter and Addition of an Axial Magnetic Field on the Dynamics of Radial Wire Array $Z$-Pinches journal, April 2010

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Application of interferometric fringe evaluation software at Technical University Graz conference, August 1999

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Laboratory formation of a scaled protostellar jet by coaligned poloidal magnetic field journal, October 2014

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Relaxation model for extended magnetohydrodynamics: Comparison to magnetohydrodynamics for dense Z-pinches journal, January 2011

Magnetohydrodynamic scaling: From astrophysics to the laboratory journal, May 2001

The Role of Flux Advection in the Development of the Ablation Streams and Precursors of Wire Array Z-pinches conference, January 2009

The impact of Hall physics on magnetized high energy density plasma jets journal, May 2014

Compact all-fiber optical Faraday components using 65-wt%-terbium–doped fiber with a record Verdet constant of −32 rad/(Tm) journal, January 2010

Measuring 10-20 T magnetic fields in single wire explosions using Zeeman splitting journal, October 2016

Impact of the Hall Effect on High-Energy-Density Plasma Jets journal, January 2013

Plasma characterization using ultraviolet Thomson scattering from ion-acoustic and electron plasma waves (invited) journal, July 2016

Production of large volume, strongly magnetized laser-produced plasmas by use of pulsed external magnetic fields journal, April 2013

Multi-angle multi-pulse time-resolved Thomson scattering on laboratory plasma jets journal, October 2018

Diagnosing collisions of magnetized, high energy density plasma flows using a combination of collective Thomson scattering, Faraday rotation, and interferometry (invited)
journal, November 2014

Measuring 20-100 T B-fields using Zeeman splitting of sodium emission lines on a 500 kA pulsed power machine
journal, July 2016

Digital evaluation of interferograms
journal, July 2004

Experimental astrophysics with high power lasers and $Z$ pinches
journal, August 2006

Determination of magnetic fields based on the Zeeman effect in regimes inaccessible by Zeeman-splitting spectroscopy
journal, March 2014

Supersonic Radiatively Cooled Rotating Flows and Jets in the Laboratory
journal, January 2008

A 1MA, variable risetime pulse generator for high energy density plasma research
journal, July 2008

From lasers to the universe: Scaling laws in laboratory astrophysics
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FLYCHK: Generalized population kinetics and spectral model for rapid spectroscopic analysis for all elements
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Experimental results from magnetized-jet experiments executed at the Jupiter Laser Facility
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Self-collimated electromagnetic jets from magnetized accretion disks
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