An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb3Sn by internal oxidation of Zr

Motowidlo, Leszek R.; Lee, P. J.; Tarantini, C.; Balachandran, S.; Ghosh, A. K.; Larbalestier, D. C.

doi:10.1088/1361-6668/aa980f

Title: An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb₃Sn by internal oxidation of Zr

Abstract

We report on the development of multifilamentary Nb₃Sn superconductors by a versatile powder-in-tube technique (PIT) that demonstrates a simple pathway to a strand with a higher density of flux-pinning sites that has the potential to increase critical current density beyond present levels. The approach uses internal oxidation of Zr-alloyed Nb tubes to produce Zr oxide particles within the Nb₃Sn layer that act as a dispersion of artificial pinning centres (APCs). In this design, SnO₂ powder is mixed with Cu₅Sn₄ powder within the PIT core that supplies the Sn for the A15 reaction with Nb1Zr filament tubes. Initial results show an average grain size of ~38 nm in the A15 layer, compared to the 90–130 nm of typical APC-free high-J_c strands made by conventional PIT or Internal Sn processing. Furthermore, there is a shift in the peak of the pinning force curve from H/H irr of ~0.2 to ~0.3 and the pinning force curves can be deconvoluted into grain boundary and point-pinning components, the point-pinning contribution dominating for the APC Nb-1wt%Zr strands.

Authors:

Motowidlo, Leszek R. ^[1];

^[2];

^[2]; Ghosh, A. K. ^[3];

^[2]

Formerly SupraMagnetics Inc., Plantsville, CT (United States)
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Nov 28 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1410559

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012083

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Superconductor Science and Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 31; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0953-2048

Publisher:: IOP Publishing

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; Nb3Sn; superconductors; powder-in-tube technique; PIT; flux-pinning; critical current density; artificial pinning centers; APC; Nb1Zr; microstructure

Citation Formats


                    Motowidlo, Leszek R., Lee, P. J., Tarantini, C., Balachandran, S., Ghosh, A. K., and Larbalestier, D. C. An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb3Sn by internal oxidation of Zr.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/1361-6668/aa980f.

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                    Motowidlo, Leszek R., Lee, P. J., Tarantini, C., Balachandran, S., Ghosh, A. K., & Larbalestier, D. C. An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb3Sn by internal oxidation of Zr.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aa980f

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                    Motowidlo, Leszek R., Lee, P. J., Tarantini, C., Balachandran, S., Ghosh, A. K., and Larbalestier, D. C. Tue .  
"An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb3Sn by internal oxidation of Zr".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aa980f.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1410559.

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@article{osti_1410559,

  title        = {An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb3Sn by internal oxidation of Zr},

  author       = {Motowidlo, Leszek R. and Lee, P. J. and Tarantini, C. and Balachandran, S. and Ghosh, A. K. and Larbalestier, D. C.},

  abstractNote = {We report on the development of multifilamentary Nb3Sn superconductors by a versatile powder-in-tube technique (PIT) that demonstrates a simple pathway to a strand with a higher density of flux-pinning sites that has the potential to increase critical current density beyond present levels. The approach uses internal oxidation of Zr-alloyed Nb tubes to produce Zr oxide particles within the Nb3Sn layer that act as a dispersion of artificial pinning centres (APCs). In this design, SnO2 powder is mixed with Cu5Sn4 powder within the PIT core that supplies the Sn for the A15 reaction with Nb1Zr filament tubes. Initial results show an average grain size of ~38 nm in the A15 layer, compared to the 90–130 nm of typical APC-free high-Jc strands made by conventional PIT or Internal Sn processing. Furthermore, there is a shift in the peak of the pinning force curve from H/H irr of ~0.2 to ~0.3 and the pinning force curves can be deconvoluted into grain boundary and point-pinning components, the point-pinning contribution dominating for the APC Nb-1wt%Zr strands.},

  doi          = {10.1088/1361-6668/aa980f},

  journal      = {Superconductor Science and Technology},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 31,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Nov 28 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Tue Nov 28 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Evidence from EXAFS for Different Ta/Ti Site Occupancy in High Critical Current Density Nb3Sn Superconductor Wires
journal, March 2018

Heald, Steve M.; Tarantini, Chiara; Lee, Peter J.
Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1
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Beneficial influence of Hf and Zr additions to Nb4at%Ta on the vortex pinning of Nb 3 Sn with and without an O source
journal, February 2019

Balachandran, Shreyas; Tarantini, Chiara; Lee, Peter J.
Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 4
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Title: An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb3Sn by internal oxidation of Zr

Abstract

Citation Formats

Artificial pinning centres in jelly-roll processed composites journal, July 1997

Nb/sub 3/Sn artificial pinning microstructures journal, June 1997

A NB[sub 3]SN CONDUCTOR VIA CU[sub 5]SN[sub 4] PIT PROCESS FOR HIGH FIELD APPLICATIONS conference, January 2008

Powder metallurgical alternative for the processing of (Nb - Ta)3Sn multifilamentary wires, starting from elementary Nb and Ta powder journal, March 1987

Shift of the flux-pinning force curve in Nb/sub 3/Sn thin films with very fine grain size journal, March 2001

Performance Boost in Industrial Multifilamentary Nb3Sn Wires due to Radiation Induced Pinning Centers journal, June 2015

The microstructure and microchemistry of high critical current Nb/sub 3/Sn strands manufactured by the bronze, internal-Sn and PIT techniques journal, June 2003

Superconducting critical temperatures, critical magnetic fields, lattice parameters, and chemical compositions of ‘‘bulk’’ pure and alloyed Nb 3 Sn produced by the bronze process journal, February 1986

Development of a niobium-tin multifilamentary wire with artificial tantalum inclusions journal, March 1993

Refinement of Nb 3 Sn grain size by the generation of ZrO 2 precipitates in Nb 3 Sn wires journal, February 2014

Irreversibility field and critical current density as a function of heat treatment time and temperature for a pure niobium powder-in-tube Nb[sub 3]Sn conductor conference, January 2002

Scaling laws for flux pinning in hard superconductors journal, March 1973

A New PIT ${\hbox{Nb}}_{3}{\hbox{Sn}}$ Conductor for High Magnetic Field Applications journal, June 2008

Internally Oxidized Nb 3 Sn Strands with Fine Grain Size and High Critical Current Density journal, January 2015

Flux pinning centers in superconducting Nb 3 Sn journal, May 1975

High Critical Current Densities in Nb3Sn Films with Engineered Microstructures — Artificial Pinning Microstructures book, January 1998

Grain boundary diffusion and growth of intermetallic layers: Nb 3 Sn journal, September 1974

Characterization of superconductors with artificial pinning microstructures journal, June 1995

Advanced Accelerator Magnets for Upgrading the LHC journal, June 2012

Nb3Sn High Field Magnets for the High Luminosity LHC Upgrade Project journal, June 2015

Effects of Filament Size on Critical Current Density in Overpressure Processed Bi-2212 Round Wire journal, June 2017

The 16 T Dipole Development Program for FCC journal, June 2017

Considerations on a Cost Model for High-Field Dipole Arc Magnets for FCC journal, June 2017

Conductor Specification and Validation for High-Luminosity LHC Quadrupole Magnets journal, June 2017

The role of oxygen and zirconium in the formation and growth of Nb3sn grains journal, December 1994

Results on mono element internal tin Nb3Sn conductors (MEIT) with Nb7.5Ta and Nb(1Zr+Ox) filaments journal, June 2005

Multifilament V3Ga and Nb3Sn superconductors produced by the ECN-technique journal, January 1977

Recent Progress in Application of Internal Oxidation Technique in Nb3Sn Strands journal, June 2017

Internally Oxidized Nb3Sn Strands with Fine Grain Size and High Critical Current Density text, January 2014

Evidence from EXAFS for Different Ta/Ti Site Occupancy in High Critical Current Density Nb3Sn Superconductor Wires journal, March 2018

Beneficial influence of Hf and Zr additions to Nb4at%Ta on the vortex pinning of Nb 3 Sn with and without an O source journal, February 2019

Title: An intermetallic powder-in-tube approach to increased flux-pinning in Nb₃Sn by internal oxidation of Zr

Artificial pinning centres in jelly-roll processed composites
journal, July 1997

Nb/sub 3/Sn artificial pinning microstructures
journal, June 1997

A NB[sub 3]SN CONDUCTOR VIA CU[sub 5]SN[sub 4] PIT PROCESS FOR HIGH FIELD APPLICATIONS
conference, January 2008

Powder metallurgical alternative for the processing of (Nb - Ta)3Sn multifilamentary wires, starting from elementary Nb and Ta powder
journal, March 1987

Shift of the flux-pinning force curve in Nb/sub 3/Sn thin films with very fine grain size
journal, March 2001

Performance Boost in Industrial Multifilamentary Nb3Sn Wires due to Radiation Induced Pinning Centers
journal, June 2015

The microstructure and microchemistry of high critical current Nb/sub 3/Sn strands manufactured by the bronze, internal-Sn and PIT techniques
journal, June 2003

Superconducting critical temperatures, critical magnetic fields, lattice parameters, and chemical compositions of ‘‘bulk’’ pure and alloyed Nb ₃ Sn produced by the bronze process
journal, February 1986

Development of a niobium-tin multifilamentary wire with artificial tantalum inclusions
journal, March 1993

Refinement of Nb ₃ Sn grain size by the generation of ZrO ₂ precipitates in Nb ₃ Sn wires
journal, February 2014

Irreversibility field and critical current density as a function of heat treatment time and temperature for a pure niobium powder-in-tube Nb[sub 3]Sn conductor
conference, January 2002

Scaling laws for flux pinning in hard superconductors
journal, March 1973

A New PIT ${\hbox{Nb}}_{3}{\hbox{Sn}}$ Conductor for High Magnetic Field Applications
journal, June 2008

Internally Oxidized Nb ₃ Sn Strands with Fine Grain Size and High Critical Current Density
journal, January 2015

Flux pinning centers in superconducting Nb ₃ Sn
journal, May 1975

High Critical Current Densities in Nb3Sn Films with Engineered Microstructures — Artificial Pinning Microstructures
book, January 1998

Grain boundary diffusion and growth of intermetallic layers: Nb ₃ Sn
journal, September 1974

Characterization of superconductors with artificial pinning microstructures
journal, June 1995

Advanced Accelerator Magnets for Upgrading the LHC
journal, June 2012

Nb3Sn High Field Magnets for the High Luminosity LHC Upgrade Project
journal, June 2015

Effects of Filament Size on Critical Current Density in Overpressure Processed Bi-2212 Round Wire
journal, June 2017

The 16 T Dipole Development Program for FCC
journal, June 2017

Considerations on a Cost Model for High-Field Dipole Arc Magnets for FCC
journal, June 2017

Conductor Specification and Validation for High-Luminosity LHC Quadrupole Magnets
journal, June 2017

The role of oxygen and zirconium in the formation and growth of Nb₃sn grains
journal, December 1994

Results on mono element internal tin Nb₃Sn conductors (MEIT) with Nb7.5Ta and Nb(1Zr+O_x) filaments
journal, June 2005

Multifilament V3Ga and Nb3Sn superconductors produced by the ECN-technique
journal, January 1977

Recent Progress in Application of Internal Oxidation Technique in Nb3Sn Strands
journal, June 2017

Internally Oxidized Nb3Sn Strands with Fine Grain Size and High Critical Current Density
text, January 2014

Evidence from EXAFS for Different Ta/Ti Site Occupancy in High Critical Current Density Nb3Sn Superconductor Wires
journal, March 2018

Beneficial influence of Hf and Zr additions to Nb4at%Ta on the vortex pinning of Nb 3 Sn with and without an O source
journal, February 2019