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Title: In Situ GIWAXS Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on PTB7 Thin Film Microstructure Evolution during Spin Coating

Abstract

Abstract The influence of solvent and processing additives on the pathways and rates of crystalline morphology formation for spin‐coated semiconducting PTB7 (poly[[4,8‐bis[(2‐ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl][3‐fluoro‐2‐[(2‐ethylhexyl)‐carbonyl]‐thieno[3,4‐b]thiophenediyl]]) thin films is investigated by in situ grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) and optical reflectance, to better understand polymer solar cell (PSC) optimization approaches. In situ characterization of PTB7 film formation from chloroform (CF), chlorobenzene (CB), and 1,2‐dichlorobenzene (DCB) solutions, as well as CB solutions with 1% and 3% v/v of the processing additives 1‐chloronapthalene (CN), diphenylether (DPE), and 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO), reveals multiple crystallization pathways with: (i) single‐solvent systems exhibiting rapid (<3 s) crystallization after a solvent boiling point‐dependent film thinning transition, (ii) solvent + additive systems exhibiting different crystallization pathways and crystallite formation times from minutes (CN, DPE) to 1.5 h (DIO). Identifying crystalline intermediates has implications for bulk‐heterojunction PSC morphology optimization via optimized spin‐casting processes.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [3]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
  2. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
  3. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center (ANSER)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1405329
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1398721
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357; DE‐FG02‐08ER46536; DE‐AC02‐06CH11357
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Advanced Materials
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 2017; Journal ID: ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher:
Wiley
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; PTB7; additive; in situ GIWAXS; organic photovoltaic; spin coating

Citation Formats

Manley, Eric F., Strzalka, Joseph, Fauvell, Thomas J., Jackson, Nicholas E., Leonardi, Matthew J., Eastham, Nicholas D., Marks, Tobin J., and Chen, Lin X. In Situ GIWAXS Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on PTB7 Thin Film Microstructure Evolution during Spin Coating. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1002/adma.201703933.
Manley, Eric F., Strzalka, Joseph, Fauvell, Thomas J., Jackson, Nicholas E., Leonardi, Matthew J., Eastham, Nicholas D., Marks, Tobin J., & Chen, Lin X. In Situ GIWAXS Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on PTB7 Thin Film Microstructure Evolution during Spin Coating. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703933
Manley, Eric F., Strzalka, Joseph, Fauvell, Thomas J., Jackson, Nicholas E., Leonardi, Matthew J., Eastham, Nicholas D., Marks, Tobin J., and Chen, Lin X. Mon . "In Situ GIWAXS Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on PTB7 Thin Film Microstructure Evolution during Spin Coating". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703933. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1405329.
@article{osti_1405329,
title = {In Situ GIWAXS Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on PTB7 Thin Film Microstructure Evolution during Spin Coating},
author = {Manley, Eric F. and Strzalka, Joseph and Fauvell, Thomas J. and Jackson, Nicholas E. and Leonardi, Matthew J. and Eastham, Nicholas D. and Marks, Tobin J. and Chen, Lin X.},
abstractNote = {Abstract The influence of solvent and processing additives on the pathways and rates of crystalline morphology formation for spin‐coated semiconducting PTB7 (poly[[4,8‐bis[(2‐ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl][3‐fluoro‐2‐[(2‐ethylhexyl)‐carbonyl]‐thieno[3,4‐b]thiophenediyl]]) thin films is investigated by in situ grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) and optical reflectance, to better understand polymer solar cell (PSC) optimization approaches. In situ characterization of PTB7 film formation from chloroform (CF), chlorobenzene (CB), and 1,2‐dichlorobenzene (DCB) solutions, as well as CB solutions with 1% and 3% v/v of the processing additives 1‐chloronapthalene (CN), diphenylether (DPE), and 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO), reveals multiple crystallization pathways with: (i) single‐solvent systems exhibiting rapid (<3 s) crystallization after a solvent boiling point‐dependent film thinning transition, (ii) solvent + additive systems exhibiting different crystallization pathways and crystallite formation times from minutes (CN, DPE) to 1.5 h (DIO). Identifying crystalline intermediates has implications for bulk‐heterojunction PSC morphology optimization via optimized spin‐casting processes.},
doi = {10.1002/adma.201703933},
journal = {Advanced Materials},
number = ,
volume = 2017,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 09 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Mon Oct 09 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}

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