High strength kiloampere Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox cables for high-field magnet applications

Shen, Tengming; Li, Pei; Jiang, Jianyi; Cooley, Lance; Tompkins, John; McRae, Dustin; Walsh, Robert

doi:10.1088/0953-2048/28/6/065002

Title: High strength kiloampere Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_x cables for high-field magnet applications

Abstract

Multifilamentary Ag-sheathed Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_x (Bi-2212) wire can carry sufficient critical current density J_c for the development of powerful superconducting magnets. But, the range of its applications is limited by the low mechanical strength of the Ag/Bi-2212 strand. A potential solution is to cable Ag/Bi-2212 wire with high-strength materials that are compatible with the Bi-2212 heat treatment in an oxygen atmosphere. Past attempts have not always been successful, because the high-strength materials reacted with Bi-2212 wires, significantly reducing their J_c. We examined the nature of reactions occurring when Ag/Bi-2212 wires are heat-treated in direct contact with several commonly used high-strength alloys and a new Fe-Cr-Al alloy. INCONEL X750 and INCONEL 600 resulted in significant J_c loss, whereas Ni80-Cr caused little or no J_c loss; however, all of them formed chromium oxide that subsequently reacted with silver, creating cracks in the silver sheath. We found that Fe-Cr-Al did not show significant reactions with Ag/Bi-2212 strands. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDS) examinations revealed that the Fe-Cr-Al alloy benefits from the formation of a uniform, crack-free, continuous alumina layer on its surface that does not react with Ag and that helps minimize the Cu loss found with INCONEL X750 and INCONELmore »« less

Authors:

Shen, Tengming ^[1]; Li, Pei ^[1]; Jiang, Jianyi ^[2]; Cooley, Lance ^[1]; Tompkins, John ^[1]; McRae, Dustin ^[3]; Walsh, Robert ^[3]

Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States). Magnet Systems Dept.
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States). Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnetic Field Lab.
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States). Magnet Science and Technology Division, National High Magnetic Field Lab.

Publication Date:: Fri Apr 17 00:00:00 EDT 2015

Research Org.:: Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1394823

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1238883

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-14-536-TD
Journal ID: ISSN 0953-2048; 1622392

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359; SC0010421; DMR-1157490; KA2501012

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Superconductor Science and Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 28; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 0953-2048

Publisher:: IOP Publishing

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Citation Formats


                    Shen, Tengming, Li, Pei, Jiang, Jianyi, Cooley, Lance, Tompkins, John, McRae, Dustin, and Walsh, Robert. High strength kiloampere Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox cables for high-field magnet applications.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/0953-2048/28/6/065002.

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                    Shen, Tengming, Li, Pei, Jiang, Jianyi, Cooley, Lance, Tompkins, John, McRae, Dustin, & Walsh, Robert. High strength kiloampere Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox cables for high-field magnet applications.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/28/6/065002

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                    Shen, Tengming, Li, Pei, Jiang, Jianyi, Cooley, Lance, Tompkins, John, McRae, Dustin, and Walsh, Robert. Fri .  
"High strength kiloampere Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox cables for high-field magnet applications".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/28/6/065002.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1394823.

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@article{osti_1394823,

  title        = {High strength kiloampere Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox cables for high-field magnet applications},

  author       = {Shen, Tengming and Li, Pei and Jiang, Jianyi and Cooley, Lance and Tompkins, John and McRae, Dustin and Walsh, Robert},

  abstractNote = {Multifilamentary Ag-sheathed Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox (Bi-2212) wire can carry sufficient critical current density Jc for the development of powerful superconducting magnets. But, the range of its applications is limited by the low mechanical strength of the Ag/Bi-2212 strand. A potential solution is to cable Ag/Bi-2212 wire with high-strength materials that are compatible with the Bi-2212 heat treatment in an oxygen atmosphere. Past attempts have not always been successful, because the high-strength materials reacted with Bi-2212 wires, significantly reducing their Jc. We examined the nature of reactions occurring when Ag/Bi-2212 wires are heat-treated in direct contact with several commonly used high-strength alloys and a new Fe-Cr-Al alloy. INCONEL X750 and INCONEL 600 resulted in significant Jc loss, whereas Ni80-Cr caused little or no Jc loss; however, all of them formed chromium oxide that subsequently reacted with silver, creating cracks in the silver sheath. We found that Fe-Cr-Al did not show significant reactions with Ag/Bi-2212 strands. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDS) examinations revealed that the Fe-Cr-Al alloy benefits from the formation of a uniform, crack-free, continuous alumina layer on its surface that does not react with Ag and that helps minimize the Cu loss found with INCONEL X750 and INCONEL 600. We then fabricated prototype 6-around-1 cables with six Bi-2212 strands twisted and transposed around an Fe-Cr-Al alloy core coated with TiO2. After standard 1 bar melt processing, the cable retained 100% of the total current-carrying capability of its strands, and, after a 10 bar overpressure processing, the cable reached a total current of 1025 A at 4.2 K and 10 T. Tensile tests showed that Fe-Cr-Al becomes brittle after being cooled to 4.2 K, whereas INCONEL X750 remains ductile and retains a modulus of 183 GPa. Finally. we proposed new cable designs that take advantage of the chemical compatibility of Fe-Cr-Al and high strength of INCONEL X750 for various high-field magnet applications.},

  doi          = {10.1088/0953-2048/28/6/065002},

  journal      = {Superconductor Science and Technology},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 28,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Apr 17 00:00:00 EDT 2015},

  month        = {Fri Apr 17 00:00:00 EDT 2015}

}

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Title: High strength kiloampere Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox cables for high-field magnet applications

Abstract

Citation Formats

Isotropic round-wire multifilament cuprate superconductor for generation of magnetic fields above 30 T journal, March 2014

Strain-tolerant cable using Bi-2212 superconductor journal, March 2000

Reversible effect of strain on transport critical current in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + x superconducting wires: a modified descriptive strain model journal, December 2011

Heat treatment control of Ag–Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O x multifilamentary round wire: investigation of time in the melt journal, October 2011

Reactions Between Bi-2212 and Silver-Nickel Composite Sheath journal, June 2007

High‐field critical current densities in Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 1 Cu 2 O 8+ x /Ag wires journal, December 1989

Improvement of superconducting properties of Bi-2212 round wire and primary test results of large capacity Rutherford cable journal, March 2001

Fabrication and test results for Rutherford-type cables made from BSCCO strands journal, June 1999

Development of high critical current density in multifilamentary round-wire Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ by strong overdoping journal, October 2009

12 kA HTS Rutherford Cable journal, June 2004

Role of internal gases and creep of Ag in controlling the critical current density of Ag-sheathed Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O x wires journal, June 2013

Thermal conductivity and dielectric properties of a TiO 2 -based electrical insulator for use with high temperature superconductor-based magnets journal, August 2014

BSCCO-2212 Wire and Cable Studies journal, June 2011

Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + x round wires with Ag/Al oxide dispersion strengthened sheaths: microstructure–properties relationships, enhanced mechanical behavior and reduced Cu depletion journal, July 2014

Superconducting Magnets Above 20 Tesla journal, August 2002

Development of Wind-and-React Bi-2212 Accelerator Magnet Technology journal, June 2008

Reactions between oxides and Ag-sheathed Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O x conductors journal, May 2005

A study of the local variation of the critical current in Ag-alloy clad, round wire Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+ x multi-layer solenoids journal, October 2012

High Field Superconducting Solenoids Via High Temperature Superconductors journal, June 2008

High Field Magnets With HTS Conductors journal, June 2010

Development of Round Multifilament Bi-2212/Ag Wires for High Field Magnet Applications journal, June 2005

Bi-2212 Canted-Cosine-Theta Coils for High-Field Accelerator Magnets journal, June 2015

Strain-tolerant cable using Bi-2212 superconductor journal, November 2000

Title: High strength kiloampere Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_x cables for high-field magnet applications

Isotropic round-wire multifilament cuprate superconductor for generation of magnetic fields above 30 T
journal, March 2014

Strain-tolerant cable using Bi-2212 superconductor
journal, March 2000

Reversible effect of strain on transport critical current in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + x superconducting wires: a modified descriptive strain model
journal, December 2011

Heat treatment control of Ag–Bi ₂ Sr ₂ CaCu ₂ O _x multifilamentary round wire: investigation of time in the melt
journal, October 2011

Reactions Between Bi-2212 and Silver-Nickel Composite Sheath
journal, June 2007

High‐field critical current densities in Bi ₂ Sr ₂ Ca ₁ Cu ₂ O _{8+ x} /Ag wires
journal, December 1989

Improvement of superconducting properties of Bi-2212 round wire and primary test results of large capacity Rutherford cable
journal, March 2001

Fabrication and test results for Rutherford-type cables made from BSCCO strands
journal, June 1999

Development of high critical current density in multifilamentary round-wire Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ by strong overdoping
journal, October 2009

12 kA HTS Rutherford Cable
journal, June 2004

Role of internal gases and creep of Ag in controlling the critical current density of Ag-sheathed Bi ₂ Sr ₂ CaCu ₂ O _x wires
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Thermal conductivity and dielectric properties of a TiO ₂ -based electrical insulator for use with high temperature superconductor-based magnets
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BSCCO-2212 Wire and Cable Studies
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journal, July 2014

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Reactions between oxides and Ag-sheathed Bi ₂ Sr ₂ CaCu ₂ O _x conductors
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