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Title: Determination of $${{\rm{\Lambda }}}_{\overline{{\rm{MS}}}}$$ at five loops from holographic QCD

Abstract

The recent determination of the $$\beta$$--function of the QCD running coupling $$\alpha_{\overline{MS}}(Q^2)$$ to 5-loops{\color{blue},} provides a verification of the convergence of a novel method for determining the fundamental QCD parameter $$\Lambda_s$$ based on the Light-Front Holographic approach to nonperturbative QCD. The new 5-loop analysis, together with improvements in determining the holographic QCD nonperturbative scale parameter $$\kappa$$ from hadronic spectroscopy, leads to an improved precision of the value of $$\Lambda_s$$ in the $${\overline{MS}}$$ scheme close to a factor of two; we find $$\Lambda^{(3)}_{\overline{MS}}=0.339\pm0.019$$ GeV for $$n_{f}=3$$, in excellent agreement with the world average, $$\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}^{(3)}=0.332\pm0.017$$ GeV. We also discuss the constraints imposed on the scale dependence of the strong coupling in the nonperturbative domain by superconformal quantum mechanics and its holographic embedding in anti-de Sitter space.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  2. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
  3. Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose (Costa Rica)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)
OSTI Identifier:
1379486
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1418322
Report Number(s):
JLAB-PHY-16-2312; DOE/OR/23177-3913; arXiv:1608.04933
Journal ID: ISSN 0954-3899
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-06OR23177; AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 44; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0954-3899
Publisher:
IOP Publishing
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; strong interaction; QCD; nonperturbative; strong coupling

Citation Formats

Deur, Alexandre, Brodsky, Stanley J., and de Téramond, Guy F. Determination of ${{\rm{\Lambda }}}_{\overline{{\rm{MS}}}}$ at five loops from holographic QCD. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1088/1361-6471/aa888a.
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Deur, Alexandre, Brodsky, Stanley J., & de Téramond, Guy F. Determination of ${{\rm{\Lambda }}}_{\overline{{\rm{MS}}}}$ at five loops from holographic QCD. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/aa888a
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Deur, Alexandre, Brodsky, Stanley J., and de Téramond, Guy F. Fri . "Determination of ${{\rm{\Lambda }}}_{\overline{{\rm{MS}}}}$ at five loops from holographic QCD". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/aa888a. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1379486.
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@article{osti_1379486,
title = {Determination of ${{\rm{\Lambda }}}_{\overline{{\rm{MS}}}}$ at five loops from holographic QCD},
author = {Deur, Alexandre and Brodsky, Stanley J. and de Téramond, Guy F.},
abstractNote = {The recent determination of the $\beta$--function of the QCD running coupling $\alpha_{\overline{MS}}(Q^2)$ to 5-loops{\color{blue},} provides a verification of the convergence of a novel method for determining the fundamental QCD parameter $\Lambda_s$ based on the Light-Front Holographic approach to nonperturbative QCD. The new 5-loop analysis, together with improvements in determining the holographic QCD nonperturbative scale parameter $\kappa$ from hadronic spectroscopy, leads to an improved precision of the value of $\Lambda_s$ in the ${\overline{MS}}$ scheme close to a factor of two; we find $\Lambda^{(3)}_{\overline{MS}}=0.339\pm0.019$ GeV for $n_{f}=3$, in excellent agreement with the world average, $\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}^{(3)}=0.332\pm0.017$ GeV. We also discuss the constraints imposed on the scale dependence of the strong coupling in the nonperturbative domain by superconformal quantum mechanics and its holographic embedding in anti-de Sitter space.},
doi = {10.1088/1361-6471/aa888a},
journal = {Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics},
number = 10,
volume = 44,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 25 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Fri Aug 25 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/aa888a
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G.; Kühn, J. H.</span> </li> <li> arXiv</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1606.08659" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.48550/arxiv.1606.08659<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0509113" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Experimental determination of the effective strong coupling constant<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">text</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2005-01-01">January 2005</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Deur, A.; Burkert, V.; Chen, J. P.</span> </li> <li> arXiv</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0509113" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0509113<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0607209" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">On the running coupling constant in QCD<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">text</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2006-01-01">January 2006</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Prosperi, G. M.; Raciti, M.; Simolo, C.</span> </li> <li> arXiv</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0607209" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0607209<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> </div> <div class="pagination-container small"> <a class="pure-button prev page" href="#" rel="prev"><span class="sr-only">Previous Page</span><span class="fa fa-angle-left"></span></a> <ul class="pagination d-inline-block" style="padding-left:.2em;"></ul> <a class="pure-button next page" href="#" rel="next"><span class="sr-only">Next Page</span><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 order-sm-3"> <ul class="nav nav-stacked"> <li class="active"><a href="" class="reference-type-filter tab-nav" data-tab="biblio-references" data-filter="type" data-pattern="*"><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span> All References</a></li> <li class="small" style="margin-left:.75em; 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font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2018-02-26">February 2018</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Ahmady, M.; Chishtie, F.; Sandapen, R.</span> </li> <li> Few-Body Systems, Vol. 59, Issue 2</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-018-1337-3" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/s00601-018-1337-3<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-018-1463-y" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">The QCD Running Coupling at All Scales and the Connection Between Hadron Masses and $$\varvec{\varLambda _s}$$ Λ s<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2018-11-01">November 2018</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Deur, A.</span> </li> <li> Few-Body Systems, Vol. 59, Issue 6</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-018-1463-y" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/s00601-018-1463-y<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ab0b8f" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">The spin structure of the nucleon<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2019-06-11">June 2019</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Deur, Alexandre; Brodsky, Stanley J.; de Téramond, Guy F.</span> </li> <li> Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 7</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ab0b8f" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1088/1361-6633/ab0b8f<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.98.114506" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Determination of <math display="inline"> <mrow> <msubsup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi>MS</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo accent="true" stretchy="true">¯</mo> </mrow> </mover> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </math> and analytic parametrization of the static quark-antiquark potential<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2018-12-01">December 2018</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Karbstein, Felix; Wagner, Marc; Weber, Michelle</span> </li> <li> Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 11</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.98.114506" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1103/physrevd.98.114506<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6490-9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Bjorken polarized sum rule and infrared-safe QCD couplings<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; 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margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Bass, S. 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padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> de Teramond, Guy F.; Liu, Tianbo; Sufian, Raza Sabbir</span> </li> <li> arXiv</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.09154" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.48550/arxiv.1801.09154<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1812.01030" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Bjorken polarized sum rule and infrared-safe QCD couplings<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">text</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2018-01-01">January 2018</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Ayala, Cesar; Cvetic, Gorazd; Kotikov, Anatoly V.</span> </li> <li> arXiv</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1812.01030" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.48550/arxiv.1812.01030<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> </div> <div class="pagination-container small"> <a class="pure-button prev page" href="#" rel="prev"><span class="sr-only">Previous Page</span><span class="fa fa-angle-left"></span></a> <ul class="pagination d-inline-block" style="padding-left:.2em;"></ul> <a class="pure-button next page" href="#" rel="next"><span class="sr-only">Next Page</span><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 order-sm-3"> <ul class="nav nav-stacked"> <li class="active"><a href="" class="reference-type-filter tab-nav" data-filter="type" data-pattern="*"><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span> All Cited By</a></li> <li class="small" style="margin-left:.75em; 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margin-top:0px;">Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:</p> <aside> <ul class="item-list" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ItemList" style="padding-left:0; list-style-type: none;"> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="1" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/1970452-light-front-holography-superconformal-quantum-mechanics-new-approach-hadron-structure-color-confinement" itemprop="url">Light-front holography and superconformal quantum mechanics: A new approach to hadron structure and color confinement</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Conference</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Brodsky, Stanley J.</span> ; <span class="author">Deur, Alexandre</span> ; <span class="author">de Téramond, Guy F.</span> ; <span class="author">...</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">A primary question in hadron physics is how the mass scale for hadrons consisting of light quarks, such as the proton, emerges from the QCD Lagrangian even in the limit of zero quark mass. If one requires the effective action which underlies the QCD Lagrangian to remain conformally invariant and extends the formalism of de Alfaro, Fubini and Furlan to light-front Hamiltonian theory, then a unique, color-confining potential with a mass parameter<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> $$\kappa$$ emerges. The actual value of the parameter $$\kappa$$ is not set by the model - only ratios of hadron masses and other hadronic mass scales are predicted. The result is a nonperturbative, relativistic light-front quantum mechanical wave equation, the {\it Light-Front Schr\"odinger Equation } which incorporates color confinement and other essential spectroscopic and dynamical features of hadron physics, including a massless pion for zero quark mass and linear Regge trajectories with the identical slope in the radial quantum number $$n$$ and orbital angular momentum $$L$$. The same light-front equations for mesons with spin $$J$$ also can be derived from the holographic mapping to QCD (3+1) at fixed light-front time from the soft-wall model modification of AdS$$_5$$ space with a specific dilaton profile. Light-front holography thus provides a precise relation between the bound-state amplitudes in the fifth dimension of AdS space and the boost-invariant light-front wavefunctions describing the internal structure of hadrons in physical space-time. One can also extend the analysis to baryons using superconformal algebra - $$2 \times 2 $$ supersymmetric representations of the conformal group. The resulting fermionic LF bound-state equations predict striking similarities between the meson and baryon spectra. In fact, the holographic QCD light-front Hamiltonians for the states on the meson and baryon trajectories are identical if one shifts the internal angular momenta of the meson ($$L_M$$) and baryon ($$L_B$$) by one unit: $$L_M=L_B+1$$. We also show how the mass scale $$\kappa$$ underlying confinement and the masses of light-quark hadrons determines the scale $$\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}$$ controlling the evolution of the perturbative QCD coupling. The relation between scales is obtained by matching the nonperturbative dynamics, as described by an effective conformal theory mapped to the light-front and its embedding in AdS space, to the perturbative QCD regime. The data for the effective coupling defined from the Bjorken sum rule $$\alpha_{g_1}(Q^2)$$ are remarkably consistent with the Gaussian form predicted by LF holographic QCD. The result is an effective coupling defined at all momenta. The predicted value $$\Lambda^{(N_F=3)}_{\overline{MS}} = 0.440 m_\rho = 0.341 \pm 0.024$$ GeV is in agreement with the world average $$0.339 \pm 0.010$$ GeV. We thus can connect $$\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}$$ to hadron masses. The analysis applies to any renormalization scheme.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1142/s2010194515600812" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1970452" data-product-type="Conference" data-product-subtype="" >https://doi.org/10.1142/s2010194515600812</a></span></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc fulltext-link " href="/servlets/purl/1970452" title="Link to document media" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-ostiid="1970452" data-product-type="Conference" data-product-subtype="" >Full Text Available</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="2" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/1035097-light-front-holographic-qcd" itemprop="url">Light-Front Holographic QCD</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Conference</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Brodsky, Stanley J</span> ; <span class="author">/SLAC /Southern Denmark U., CP3-Origins</span> ; <span class="author">de Teramond, Guy F</span> ; <span class="author">...</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"></span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">The relation between the hadronic short-distance constituent quark and gluon particle limit and the long-range confining domain is yet one of the most challenging aspects of particle physics due to the strong coupling nature of Quantum Chromodynamics, the fundamental theory of the strong interactions. The central question is how one can compute hadronic properties from first principles; i.e., directly from the QCD Lagrangian. The most successful theoretical approach thus far has been to quantize QCD on discrete lattices in Euclidean space-time. Lattice numerical results follow from computation of frame-dependent moments of distributions in Euclidean space and dynamical observables in Minkowski<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> spacetime, such as the time-like hadronic form factors, are not amenable to Euclidean lattice computations. The Dyson-Schwinger methods have led to many important insights, such as the infrared fixed point behavior of the strong coupling constant, but in practice, the analyses are limited to ladder approximation in Landau gauge. Baryon spectroscopy and the excitation dynamics of nucleon resonances encoded in the nucleon transition form factors can provide fundamental insight into the strong-coupling dynamics of QCD. New theoretical tools are thus of primary interest for the interpretation of the results expected at the new mass scale and kinematic regions accessible to the JLab 12 GeV Upgrade Project. The AdS/CFT correspondence between gravity or string theory on a higher-dimensional anti-de Sitter (AdS) space and conformal field theories in physical space-time has led to a semiclassical approximation for strongly-coupled QCD, which provides physical insights into its nonperturbative dynamics. The correspondence is holographic in the sense that it determines a duality between theories in different number of space-time dimensions. This geometric approach leads in fact to a simple analytical and phenomenologically compelling nonperturbative approximation to the full light-front QCD Hamiltonian 'Light-Front Holography'. Light-Front Holography is in fact one of the most remarkable features of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The Hamiltonian equation of motion in the light-front (LF) is frame independent and has a structure similar to eigenmode equations in AdS space. This makes a direct connection of QCD with AdS/CFT methods possible. Remarkably, the AdS equations correspond to the kinetic energy terms of the partons inside a hadron, whereas the interaction terms build confinement and correspond to the truncation of AdS space in an effective dual gravity approximation. One can also study the gauge/gravity duality starting from the bound-state structure of hadrons in QCD quantized in the light-front. The LF Lorentz-invariant Hamiltonian equation for the relativistic bound-state system is P{sub {mu}}P{sup {mu}}|{psi}(P)> = (P{sup +}P{sup -} - P{sub {perpendicular}}{sup 2})|{psi}(P)> = M{sup 2}|{psi}(P)>, P{sup {+-}} = P{sup 0} {+-} P{sup 3}, where the LF time evolution operator P{sup -} is determined canonically from the QCD Lagrangian. To a first semiclassical approximation, where quantum loops and quark masses are not included, this leads to a LF Hamiltonian equation which describes the bound-state dynamics of light hadrons in terms of an invariant impact variable {zeta} which measures the separation of the partons within the hadron at equal light-front time {tau} = x{sup 0} + x{sup 3}. This allows us to identify the holographic variable z in AdS space with an impact variable {zeta}. The resulting Lorentz-invariant Schroedinger equation for general spin incorporates color confinement and is systematically improvable. Light-front holographic methods were originally introduced by matching the electromagnetic current matrix elements in AdS space with the corresponding expression using LF theory in physical space time. It was also shown that one obtains identical holographic mapping using the matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor by perturbing the AdS metric around its static solution. A gravity dual to QCD is not known, but the mechanisms of confinement can be incorporated in the gauge/gravity correspondence by modifying the AdS geometry in the large infrared (IR) domain z {approx} 1 = {Lambda}{sub QCD}, which also sets the scale of the strong interactions. In this simplified approach we consider the propagation of hadronic modes in a fixed effective gravitational background asymptotic to AdS space, which encodes salient properties of the QCD dual theory, such as the ultraviolet (UV) conformal limit at the AdS boundary, as well as modifications of the background geometry in the large z IR region to describe confinement. The modified theory generates the point-like hard behavior expected from QCD, instead of the soft behavior characteristic of extended objects.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc fulltext-link " href="/servlets/purl/1035097" title="Link to document media" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-ostiid="1035097" data-product-type="Conference" data-product-subtype="" >Full Text Available</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="3" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/1310025-determination-rm-lambda-overline-rm-ms-five-loops-from-holographic-qcd" itemprop="url">Determination of $${{\rm{\Lambda }}}_{\overline{{\rm{MS}}}}$$ at five loops from holographic QCD</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Journal Article</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Deur, Alexandre</span> ; <span class="author">Brodsky, Stanley J.</span> ; <span class="author">de Téramond, Guy F.</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics</span> </span> </div> <div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/aa888a" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1310025" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="FT" >https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/aa888a</a></span></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc fulltext-link " href="/servlets/purl/1310025" title="Link to document media" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-ostiid="1310025" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="FT" >Full Text Available</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="4" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/1223370-light-front-schrodinger-equation-determination-perturbative-qcd-scale-from-color-confinement" itemprop="url">The Light-Front Schrödinger Equation and Determination of the Perturbative QCD Scale from Color Confinement</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Conference</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Brodsky, Stanley J.</span> ; <span class="author">de Teramond, Guy F.</span> ; <span class="author">Deur, Alexandre P.</span> ; <span class="author">...</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Few Body Syst.</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">The valence Fock-state wavefunctions of the light-front QCD Hamiltonian satisfy a relativistic equation of motion with an effective confining potential U which systematically incorporates the effects of higher quark and gluon Fock states. If one requires that the effective action which underlies the QCD Lagrangian remains conformally invariant and extends the formalism of de Alfaro, Fubini and Furlan to light front Hamiltonian theory, the potential U has a unique form of a harmonic oscillator potential, and a mass gap arises. The result is a nonperturbative relativistic light-front quantum mechanical wave equation which incorporates color confinement and other essential spectroscopic and<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> dynamical features of hadron physics, including a massless pion for zero quark mass and linear Regge trajectories with the same slope in the radial quantum number n and orbital angular momentum L. Only one mass parameter κ appears. Light-front holography thus provides a precise relation between the bound-state amplitudes in the fifth dimension of AdS space and the boost-invariant light-front wavefunctions describing the internal structure of hadrons in physical space-time. We also show how the mass scale κ underlying confinement and hadron masses determines the scale Λ<sub>{ovr MS}</sub> controlling the evolution of the perturbative QCD coupling. The relation between scales is obtained by matching the nonperturbative dynamics, as described by an effective conformal theory mapped to the light-front and its embedding in AdS space, to the perturbative QCD regime computed to four-loop order. The result is an effective coupling defined at all momenta. The predicted value Λ<sub>{ovr MS</sub>}=0.328±0.034 GeV is in agreement with the world average 0.339±0.010 GeV. The analysis applies to any renormalization scheme.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-015-0964-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1223370" data-product-type="Conference" data-product-subtype="" >https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-015-0964-1</a></span></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc fulltext-link " href="/servlets/purl/1223370" title="Link to document media" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-ostiid="1223370" data-product-type="Conference" data-product-subtype="" >Full Text Available</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="5" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/pages/biblio/1490464-supersymmetric-conformal-features-hadron-physics" itemprop="url">Supersymmetric and Conformal Features of Hadron Physics</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Journal Article</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Brodsky, Stanley</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Universe</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">The QCD Lagrangian is based on quark and gluonic fields—not squarks nor gluinos. However, one can show that its hadronic eigensolutions conform to a representation of superconformal algebra, reflecting the underlying conformal symmetry of chiral QCD. The eigensolutions of superconformal algebra provide a unified Regge spectroscopy of meson, baryon, and tetraquarks of the same parity and twist as equal-mass members of the same 4-plet representation with a universal Regge slope. The predictions from light-front holography and superconformal algebra can also be extended to mesons, baryons, and tetraquarks with strange, charm and bottom quarks. The pion<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> $$q\overline{q}$$ eigenstate has zero mass for m<sub>q</sub> = 0 . A key tool is the remarkable observation of de Alfaro, Fubini, and Furlan (dAFF) which shows how a mass scale can appear in the Hamiltonian and the equations of motion while retaining the conformal symmetry of the action. When one applies the dAFF procedure to chiral QCD, a mass scale κ appears which determines universal Regge slopes, hadron masses in the absence of the Higgs coupling. One also predicts the form of the nonperturbative QCD running coupling: α<sub>s</sub> (Q<sup>2</sup>) ∝ e<sup>-Q<sup>2</sup>/4κ<sup>2</sup></sup>, in agreement with the effective charge determined from measurements of the Bjorken sum rule. One also obtains viable predictions for spacelike and timelike hadronic form factors, structure functions, distribution amplitudes, and transverse momentum distributions. The combination of conformal symmetry, light-front dynamics, its holographic mapping to AdS <sub>5</sub> space, and the dAFF procedure thus provide new insights, not only into the physics underlying color confinement, but also the nonperturbative QCD coupling and the QCD mass scale.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4110120" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1490464" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="AM" >https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4110120</a></span></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc fulltext-link " href="/pages/servlets/purl/1490464" title="Link to document media" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-ostiid="1490464" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="AM" >Full Text Available</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> </ul> </aside> </div> </section> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 order-sm-3"> <ul class="nav nav-stacked"> <li class="active"><a class="tab-nav disabled" data-tab="related" style="color: #636c72 !important; 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