Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation

Frash, Luke; Carey, James William; Ickes, Timothy Lee; Viswanathan, Hari S.

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.06.010

Title: Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation

Abstract

Caprock leakage is of crucial concern for environmentally and economically sustainable development of carbon dioxide sequestration and utilization operations. One potential leakage pathway is through fractures or faults that penetrate the caprock. In this study, we investigate the permeability induced by fracturing initially intact Marcellus shale outcrop specimens at stressed conditions using a triaxial direct-shear method. Measurements of induced permeability, fracture geometry, displacement, and applied stresses were all obtained at stressed conditions to investigate the coupled processes of fracturing and fluid flow as may occur in the subsurface. Fracture geometry was directly observed at stressed conditions using X-ray radiography video. Numerical simulation was performed to evaluate the stress distribution developed in the experiments. Our experiments show that permeability induced by fracturing is strongly dependent on the stresses at which the fractures are created, the magnitude of shearing displacement, and the duration of flow. The strongest permeability contrast was observed when comparing specimens fractured at low stress to others fractured at higher stress. Measureable fracture permeability decreased by up to 7 orders of magnitude over a corresponding triaxial confining stress range of 3.5 MPa to 30 MPa. These results show that increasing stress, depth, and time are all significant permeability inhibitorsmore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Ickes, Timothy Lee ^[1];

^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: Fri Jul 14 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM)

OSTI Identifier:: 1374318

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1549556

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-16-28685
Journal ID: ISSN 1750-5836

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; FE-406/408/409-14-FY15

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 64; Conference: American Rock Mechanics Association ; 2017-06-25 - 2017-06-28 ; San Francisco, California, United States; Journal ID: ISSN 1750-5836

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Shear Stimulation; CO2 sequestration; X-ray video; Induced Seismicity; Triaxial Direct Shear

Citation Formats


                    Frash, Luke, Carey, James William, Ickes, Timothy Lee, and Viswanathan, Hari S. Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.06.010.

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                    Frash, Luke, Carey, James William, Ickes, Timothy Lee, & Viswanathan, Hari S. Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.06.010

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                    Frash, Luke, Carey, James William, Ickes, Timothy Lee, and Viswanathan, Hari S. Fri .  
"Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.06.010.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1374318.

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@article{osti_1374318,

  title        = {Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation},

  author       = {Frash, Luke and Carey, James William and Ickes, Timothy Lee and Viswanathan, Hari S.},

  abstractNote = {Caprock leakage is of crucial concern for environmentally and economically sustainable development of carbon dioxide sequestration and utilization operations. One potential leakage pathway is through fractures or faults that penetrate the caprock. In this study, we investigate the permeability induced by fracturing initially intact Marcellus shale outcrop specimens at stressed conditions using a triaxial direct-shear method. Measurements of induced permeability, fracture geometry, displacement, and applied stresses were all obtained at stressed conditions to investigate the coupled processes of fracturing and fluid flow as may occur in the subsurface. Fracture geometry was directly observed at stressed conditions using X-ray radiography video. Numerical simulation was performed to evaluate the stress distribution developed in the experiments. Our experiments show that permeability induced by fracturing is strongly dependent on the stresses at which the fractures are created, the magnitude of shearing displacement, and the duration of flow. The strongest permeability contrast was observed when comparing specimens fractured at low stress to others fractured at higher stress. Measureable fracture permeability decreased by up to 7 orders of magnitude over a corresponding triaxial confining stress range of 3.5 MPa to 30 MPa. These results show that increasing stress, depth, and time are all significant permeability inhibitors that may limit potential leakage through fractured caprock.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.06.010},

  journal      = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 64,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Jul 14 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Fri Jul 14 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.06.010

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High-stress triaxial direct-shear fracturing of Utica shale and in situ X-ray microtomography with permeability measurement: SHALE FRACTURE, μCT, AND PERMEABILITY
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Natural fractures within Knox reservoirs in the Appalachian Basin: characterization and impact on poroelastic response of injection
journal, September 2019

Raziperchikolaee, Samin; Babarinde, Ola; Sminchak, Joel
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Li, Weixin; Zhou, Xinwei; Carey, J. William
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Similar Records

Title: Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation

Abstract

Citation Formats

Caprock corrosion journal, January 2013

Geological and mathematical framework for failure modes in granular rock journal, January 2006

Fundamentals of rock joint deformation journal, December 1983

Strength, deformation and conductivity coupling of rock joints journal, June 1985

SELFRAC: Experiments and conclusions on fracturing, self-healing and self-sealing processes in clays journal, January 2007

Fluid flow through rock joints: The effect of surface roughness journal, January 1987

Fracture-permeability behavior of shale journal, September 2015

Two-phase flow in rough-walled fractures: Experiments and a flow structure model: TWO-PHASE FLOW IN ROUGH-WALLED FRACTURES journal, March 2006

Pressure-Dependent Natural-Fracture Permeability in Shale and Its Effect on Shale-Gas Well Production journal, May 2013

Tensile and shear fracturing in predominantly compressive stress fields—a review journal, July 1990

Can a fractured caprock self-heal? journal, May 2015

Laboratory simulation of binary and triple well EGS in large granite blocks using AE events for drilling guidance journal, May 2015

High-stress triaxial direct-shear fracturing of Utica shale and in situ X-ray microtomography with permeability measurement: SHALE FRACTURE, μCT, AND PERMEABILITY journal, July 2016

Anisotropy of flow in a fracture undergoing shear and its relationship to the direction of shearing and injection pressure journal, April 1997

Stress-dependent permeability of a de-mineralised fracture in shale journal, September 2000

Fracture permeability and in situ stress to 7 km depth in the KTB scientific drillhole journal, April 2000

Hydraulic Characteristics of Rough Fractures in Linear Flow under Normal and Shear Load journal, October 2002

Gas permeability evolution mechanism during creep of a low permeable claystone journal, August 2016

Resolving Time-dependent Evolution of Pore-Scale Structure, Permeability and Reactivity using X-ray Microtomography journal, January 2015

Brittle–ductile transition, shear failure and leakage in shales and mudrocks journal, February 2006

Slow migration of mobilised fines during flow in reservoir rocks: Laboratory study journal, October 2014

Hydromechanical response of a fracture undergoing compression and shear journal, December 1993

Single fractures under normal stress: The relation between fracture specific stiffness and fluid flow journal, January 2000

Microfracturation in rocks: from microtomography images to processes journal, October 2012

Fault friction and slip stability not affected by Co2 storage: Evidence from short-term laboratory experiments on North Sea reservoir sandstones and caprocks journal, November 2012

A review of studies on CO2 sequestration and caprock integrity journal, October 2010

The Hijiori Hot Dry Rock test site, Japan journal, February 2008

Numerical Simulations of the Direct Shear Test journal, February 2003

Permeability evolution in fractured coal: The roles of fracture geometry and water-content journal, July 2011

In-Situ Stresses: The Predominant Influence on Hydraulic Fracture Containment journal, March 1982

Validity of Cubic Law for fluid flow in a deformable rock fracture journal, December 1980

Effect of shear displacement on the aperture and permeability of a rock fracture journal, December 1998

Particle mobilization in porous media: Temperature effects on competing electrostatic and drag forces: TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON FINES MIGRATION journal, April 2015

Stress-Dependent Fluid Flow and Permeability in Fractured Media: from Lab Experiments to Engineering Applications journal, September 2006

Hydraulic conductivity of rock fractures journal, April 1996

Earthquake triggering and large-scale geologic storage of carbon dioxide journal, June 2012

Natural fractures within Knox reservoirs in the Appalachian Basin: characterization and impact on poroelastic response of injection journal, September 2019

Simulation of Fracture Coalescence in Granite via the Combined Finite–Discrete Element Method journal, March 2019

Multiphysics Lattice Discrete Particle Modeling (M-LDPM) for the Simulation of Shale Fracture Permeability journal, October 2018

Multiphysics Lattice Discrete Particle Modeling (M-LDPM) for the Simulation of Shale Fracture Permeability text, January 2018

Caprock corrosion
journal, January 2013

Geological and mathematical framework for failure modes in granular rock
journal, January 2006

Fundamentals of rock joint deformation
journal, December 1983

Strength, deformation and conductivity coupling of rock joints
journal, June 1985

SELFRAC: Experiments and conclusions on fracturing, self-healing and self-sealing processes in clays
journal, January 2007

Fluid flow through rock joints: The effect of surface roughness
journal, January 1987

Fracture-permeability behavior of shale
journal, September 2015

Two-phase flow in rough-walled fractures: Experiments and a flow structure model: TWO-PHASE FLOW IN ROUGH-WALLED FRACTURES
journal, March 2006

Pressure-Dependent Natural-Fracture Permeability in Shale and Its Effect on Shale-Gas Well Production
journal, May 2013

Tensile and shear fracturing in predominantly compressive stress fields—a review
journal, July 1990

Can a fractured caprock self-heal?
journal, May 2015

Laboratory simulation of binary and triple well EGS in large granite blocks using AE events for drilling guidance
journal, May 2015

High-stress triaxial direct-shear fracturing of Utica shale and in situ X-ray microtomography with permeability measurement: SHALE FRACTURE, μCT, AND PERMEABILITY
journal, July 2016

Anisotropy of flow in a fracture undergoing shear and its relationship to the direction of shearing and injection pressure
journal, April 1997

Stress-dependent permeability of a de-mineralised fracture in shale
journal, September 2000

Fracture permeability and in situ stress to 7 km depth in the KTB scientific drillhole
journal, April 2000

Hydraulic Characteristics of Rough Fractures in Linear Flow under Normal and Shear Load
journal, October 2002

Gas permeability evolution mechanism during creep of a low permeable claystone
journal, August 2016

Resolving Time-dependent Evolution of Pore-Scale Structure, Permeability and Reactivity using X-ray Microtomography
journal, January 2015

Brittle–ductile transition, shear failure and leakage in shales and mudrocks
journal, February 2006

Slow migration of mobilised fines during flow in reservoir rocks: Laboratory study
journal, October 2014

Hydromechanical response of a fracture undergoing compression and shear
journal, December 1993

Single fractures under normal stress: The relation between fracture specific stiffness and fluid flow
journal, January 2000

Microfracturation in rocks: from microtomography images to processes
journal, October 2012

Fault friction and slip stability not affected by Co2 storage: Evidence from short-term laboratory experiments on North Sea reservoir sandstones and caprocks
journal, November 2012

A review of studies on CO2 sequestration and caprock integrity
journal, October 2010

The Hijiori Hot Dry Rock test site, Japan
journal, February 2008

Numerical Simulations of the Direct Shear Test
journal, February 2003

Permeability evolution in fractured coal: The roles of fracture geometry and water-content
journal, July 2011

In-Situ Stresses: The Predominant Influence on Hydraulic Fracture Containment
journal, March 1982

Validity of Cubic Law for fluid flow in a deformable rock fracture
journal, December 1980

Effect of shear displacement on the aperture and permeability of a rock fracture
journal, December 1998

Particle mobilization in porous media: Temperature effects on competing electrostatic and drag forces: TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON FINES MIGRATION
journal, April 2015

Stress-Dependent Fluid Flow and Permeability in Fractured Media: from Lab Experiments to Engineering Applications
journal, September 2006

Hydraulic conductivity of rock fractures
journal, April 1996

Earthquake triggering and large-scale geologic storage of carbon dioxide
journal, June 2012

Natural fractures within Knox reservoirs in the Appalachian Basin: characterization and impact on poroelastic response of injection
journal, September 2019

Simulation of Fracture Coalescence in Granite via the Combined Finite–Discrete Element Method
journal, March 2019

Multiphysics Lattice Discrete Particle Modeling (M-LDPM) for the Simulation of Shale Fracture Permeability
journal, October 2018

Multiphysics Lattice Discrete Particle Modeling (M-LDPM) for the Simulation of Shale Fracture Permeability
text, January 2018