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Title: High quality factor manganese-doped aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors sensitive to frequencies below 100 GHz

Abstract

Aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) sensitive to millimeter-wave photons have been shown to exhibit high quality factors, making them highly sensitive and multiplexable. The superconducting gap of aluminum limits aluminum LEKIDs to photon frequencies above 100 GHz. Manganese-doped aluminum (Al-Mn) has a tunable critical temperature and could therefore be an attractive material for LEKIDs sensitive to frequencies below 100 GHz if the internal quality factor remains sufficiently high when manganese is added to the film. To investigate, we measured some of the key properties of Al-Mn LEKIDs. A prototype eight-element LEKID array was fabricated using a 40 nm thick film of Al-Mn deposited on a 500 μm thick high-resistivity, float-zone silicon substrate. The manganese content was 900 ppm, the measured Tc = 694 ± 1mK, and the resonance frequencies were near 150 MHz. Using measurements of the forward scattering parameter S21 at various bath temperatures between 65 and 250 mK, we determined that the Al-Mn LEKIDs we fabricated have internal quality factors greater than 2 × 105, which is high enough for millimeter-wave astrophysical observations. In the dark conditions under which these devices were measured, the fractional frequency noise spectrum shows a shallow slope that depends on bath temperaturemore » and probe tone amplitude, which could be two-level system noise. In conclusion, the anticipated white photon noise should dominate this level of low-frequency noise when the detectors are illuminated with millimeter-waves in future measurements. The LEKIDs responded to light pulses from a 1550 nm light-emitting diode, and we used these light pulses to determine that the quasiparticle lifetime is 60 μs.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [1];  [6];  [4];  [3];  [1];  [7];  [8]; ORCiD logo [2]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Physics
  2. Cardiff Univ., Cardiff, Wales (United Kingdom). School of Physics and Astronomy
  3. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States). School of Earth and Space Exploration
  4. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  5. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), La Canada Flintridge, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab.
  6. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Physics; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  7. Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  8. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
OSTI Identifier:
1369427
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515; 1509211; 1509078; 1506074
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Applied Physics Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 110; Journal Issue: 22; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats

Jones, G., Johnson, B. R., Abitbol, M. H., Ade, P. A. R., Bryan, S., Cho, H. -M., Day, P., Flanigan, D., Irwin, K. D., Li, D., Mauskopf, P., McCarrick, H., Miller, A., Song, Y. R., and Tucker, C. High quality factor manganese-doped aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors sensitive to frequencies below 100 GHz. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4984105.
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Jones, G., Johnson, B. R., Abitbol, M. H., Ade, P. A. R., Bryan, S., Cho, H. -M., Day, P., Flanigan, D., Irwin, K. D., Li, D., Mauskopf, P., McCarrick, H., Miller, A., Song, Y. R., & Tucker, C. High quality factor manganese-doped aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors sensitive to frequencies below 100 GHz. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4984105
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Jones, G., Johnson, B. R., Abitbol, M. H., Ade, P. A. R., Bryan, S., Cho, H. -M., Day, P., Flanigan, D., Irwin, K. D., Li, D., Mauskopf, P., McCarrick, H., Miller, A., Song, Y. R., and Tucker, C. Mon . "High quality factor manganese-doped aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors sensitive to frequencies below 100 GHz". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4984105. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1369427.
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@article{osti_1369427,
title = {High quality factor manganese-doped aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors sensitive to frequencies below 100 GHz},
author = {Jones, G. and Johnson, B. R. and Abitbol, M. H. and Ade, P. A. R. and Bryan, S. and Cho, H. -M. and Day, P. and Flanigan, D. and Irwin, K. D. and Li, D. and Mauskopf, P. and McCarrick, H. and Miller, A. and Song, Y. R. and Tucker, C.},
abstractNote = {Aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) sensitive to millimeter-wave photons have been shown to exhibit high quality factors, making them highly sensitive and multiplexable. The superconducting gap of aluminum limits aluminum LEKIDs to photon frequencies above 100 GHz. Manganese-doped aluminum (Al-Mn) has a tunable critical temperature and could therefore be an attractive material for LEKIDs sensitive to frequencies below 100 GHz if the internal quality factor remains sufficiently high when manganese is added to the film. To investigate, we measured some of the key properties of Al-Mn LEKIDs. A prototype eight-element LEKID array was fabricated using a 40 nm thick film of Al-Mn deposited on a 500 μm thick high-resistivity, float-zone silicon substrate. The manganese content was 900 ppm, the measured Tc = 694 ± 1mK, and the resonance frequencies were near 150 MHz. Using measurements of the forward scattering parameter S21 at various bath temperatures between 65 and 250 mK, we determined that the Al-Mn LEKIDs we fabricated have internal quality factors greater than 2 × 105, which is high enough for millimeter-wave astrophysical observations. In the dark conditions under which these devices were measured, the fractional frequency noise spectrum shows a shallow slope that depends on bath temperature and probe tone amplitude, which could be two-level system noise. In conclusion, the anticipated white photon noise should dominate this level of low-frequency noise when the detectors are illuminated with millimeter-waves in future measurements. The LEKIDs responded to light pulses from a 1550 nm light-emitting diode, and we used these light pulses to determine that the quasiparticle lifetime is 60 μs.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4984105},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = 22,
volume = 110,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon May 29 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Mon May 29 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Development of Multi-chroic MKIDs for Next-Generation CMB Polarization Studies
    journal, July 2018

    • Johnson, B. R.; Flanigan, D.; Abitbol, M. H.
    • Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Vol. 193, Issue 3-4
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    Design and performance of dual-polarization lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors for millimeter-wave polarimetry
    journal, February 2018

    Ultrastable millimeter-wave kinetic inductance detectors
    journal, January 2020

    • Vissers, M. R.; Austermann, J. E.; Malnou, M.
    • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5138122

    Development of Multi-Chroic MKIDs for Next-Generation CMB Polarization Studies
    text, January 2017

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