Energy penetration into arrays of aligned nanowires irradiated with relativistic intensities: Scaling to terabar pressures
Abstract
Ultrahigh-energy density (UHED) matter, characterized by energy densities >1 × 108 J cm–3 and pressures greater than a gigabar, is encountered in the center of stars and inertial confinement fusion capsules driven by the world’s largest lasers. Similar conditions can be obtained with compact, ultrahigh contrast, femtosecond lasers focused to relativistic intensities onto targets composed of aligned nanowire arrays. We report the measurement of the key physical process in determining the energy density deposited in high-aspect-ratio nanowire array plasmas: the energy penetration. By monitoring the x-ray emission from buried Co tracer segments in Ni nanowire arrays irradiated at an intensity of 4 × 1019 W cm–2, we demonstrate energy penetration depths of several micrometers, leading to UHED plasmas of that size. As a result, relativistic three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, validated by these measurements, predict that irradiation of nanostructures at intensities of >1 × 1022 W cm–2 will lead to a virtually unexplored extreme UHED plasma regime characterized by energy densities in excess of 8 × 1010 J cm–3, equivalent to a pressure of 0.35 Tbar.
- Authors:
-
[2];
[1];
[4];
[5];
[5];
[1];
- Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)
- Univ. de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
- Heinrich-Heine-Univ. Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf (Germany)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- ARTEP Inc., Ellicott City, MD (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1368008
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-696568
Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; HDTRA-1-10-1-0079
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Science Advances
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548
- Publisher:
- AAAS
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 42 ENGINEERING; 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; laser matter interaction; relativistic plasmas; ultra-high energy density matter; ultra-high energy density plasmas
Citation Formats
Bargsten, Clayton, Hollinger, Reed, Capeluto, Maria Gabriela, Kaymak, Vural, Pukhov, Alexander, Wang, Shoujun, Rockwood, Alex, Wang, Yong, Keiss, David, Tommasini, Riccardo, London, Richard, Park, Jaebum, Busquet, Michel, Klapisch, Marcel, Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N., and Rocca, Jorge J. Energy penetration into arrays of aligned nanowires irradiated with relativistic intensities: Scaling to terabar pressures. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601558.
Bargsten, Clayton, Hollinger, Reed, Capeluto, Maria Gabriela, Kaymak, Vural, Pukhov, Alexander, Wang, Shoujun, Rockwood, Alex, Wang, Yong, Keiss, David, Tommasini, Riccardo, London, Richard, Park, Jaebum, Busquet, Michel, Klapisch, Marcel, Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N., & Rocca, Jorge J. Energy penetration into arrays of aligned nanowires irradiated with relativistic intensities: Scaling to terabar pressures. United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601558
Bargsten, Clayton, Hollinger, Reed, Capeluto, Maria Gabriela, Kaymak, Vural, Pukhov, Alexander, Wang, Shoujun, Rockwood, Alex, Wang, Yong, Keiss, David, Tommasini, Riccardo, London, Richard, Park, Jaebum, Busquet, Michel, Klapisch, Marcel, Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N., and Rocca, Jorge J. Wed .
"Energy penetration into arrays of aligned nanowires irradiated with relativistic intensities: Scaling to terabar pressures". United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601558. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1368008.
@article{osti_1368008,
title = {Energy penetration into arrays of aligned nanowires irradiated with relativistic intensities: Scaling to terabar pressures},
author = {Bargsten, Clayton and Hollinger, Reed and Capeluto, Maria Gabriela and Kaymak, Vural and Pukhov, Alexander and Wang, Shoujun and Rockwood, Alex and Wang, Yong and Keiss, David and Tommasini, Riccardo and London, Richard and Park, Jaebum and Busquet, Michel and Klapisch, Marcel and Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N. and Rocca, Jorge J.},
abstractNote = {Ultrahigh-energy density (UHED) matter, characterized by energy densities >1 × 108 J cm–3 and pressures greater than a gigabar, is encountered in the center of stars and inertial confinement fusion capsules driven by the world’s largest lasers. Similar conditions can be obtained with compact, ultrahigh contrast, femtosecond lasers focused to relativistic intensities onto targets composed of aligned nanowire arrays. We report the measurement of the key physical process in determining the energy density deposited in high-aspect-ratio nanowire array plasmas: the energy penetration. By monitoring the x-ray emission from buried Co tracer segments in Ni nanowire arrays irradiated at an intensity of 4 × 1019 W cm–2, we demonstrate energy penetration depths of several micrometers, leading to UHED plasmas of that size. As a result, relativistic three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, validated by these measurements, predict that irradiation of nanostructures at intensities of >1 × 1022 W cm–2 will lead to a virtually unexplored extreme UHED plasma regime characterized by energy densities in excess of 8 × 1010 J cm–3, equivalent to a pressure of 0.35 Tbar.},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.1601558},
journal = {Science Advances},
number = 1,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 11 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Wed Jan 11 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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