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Title: Initial experimental demonstration of the principles of a xenon gas shield designed to protect optical components from soft x-ray induced opacity (blanking) in high energy density experiments

Abstract

The design principles of a xenon gas shield device that is intended to protect optical components from x-ray induced opacity (“x-ray blanking”) have been experimentally demonstrated at the OMEGA-60 Laser Facility at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester. A volume of xenon gas placed in front of an optical component absorbs the incoming soft x-ray radiation but transmits optical and ultra-violet radiation. The time-resolved optical (532 nm) transmission of samples was recorded as they were exposed to soft x-rays produced by a gold sphere source (1.5 kJ sr$$-$$1, 250–300 eV). Blanking of fused silica (SiO2) was measured to occur over a range of time-integrated soft x-ray (<3 keV) fluence from ~0.2–2.5 J cm$$-$$2. A shield test device consisting of a 30 nm silicon nitride (Si3N4) and a 10 cm long volume of 0.04 bar xenon gas succeeded in delaying loss of transmission through a magnesium fluoride sample; optical transmission was observed over a longer period than for the unprotected sample. It is hoped that the design of this x-ray shield can be scaled in order to produce a shield device for the National Ignition Facility optical Thomson scattering collection telescope, in order to allow measurements of hohlraum plasma conditions produced in inertial confinement fusion experiments. Finally, if successful, it will also have applications in many other high energy density experiments where optical and ultra-violet measurements are desirable.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [3];  [1]
  1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics
  3. General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1358316
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1348954
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-704303
Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physics of Plasmas
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 24; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING; 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; Soft X-rays; Hohlraum; Experiment design; GoldX-ray plasma diagnostics

Citation Formats

Swadling, G. F., Ross, J. S., Manha, D., Galbraith, J., Datte, P., Sorce, C., Katz, J., Froula, D. H., Widmann, K., Jones, O. S., Divol, L., Landen, O. L., Kilkenny, J. D., and Moody, J. D. Initial experimental demonstration of the principles of a xenon gas shield designed to protect optical components from soft x-ray induced opacity (blanking) in high energy density experiments. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4978577.
Swadling, G. F., Ross, J. S., Manha, D., Galbraith, J., Datte, P., Sorce, C., Katz, J., Froula, D. H., Widmann, K., Jones, O. S., Divol, L., Landen, O. L., Kilkenny, J. D., & Moody, J. D. Initial experimental demonstration of the principles of a xenon gas shield designed to protect optical components from soft x-ray induced opacity (blanking) in high energy density experiments. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4978577
Swadling, G. F., Ross, J. S., Manha, D., Galbraith, J., Datte, P., Sorce, C., Katz, J., Froula, D. H., Widmann, K., Jones, O. S., Divol, L., Landen, O. L., Kilkenny, J. D., and Moody, J. D. Thu . "Initial experimental demonstration of the principles of a xenon gas shield designed to protect optical components from soft x-ray induced opacity (blanking) in high energy density experiments". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4978577. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1358316.
@article{osti_1358316,
title = {Initial experimental demonstration of the principles of a xenon gas shield designed to protect optical components from soft x-ray induced opacity (blanking) in high energy density experiments},
author = {Swadling, G. F. and Ross, J. S. and Manha, D. and Galbraith, J. and Datte, P. and Sorce, C. and Katz, J. and Froula, D. H. and Widmann, K. and Jones, O. S. and Divol, L. and Landen, O. L. and Kilkenny, J. D. and Moody, J. D.},
abstractNote = {The design principles of a xenon gas shield device that is intended to protect optical components from x-ray induced opacity (“x-ray blanking”) have been experimentally demonstrated at the OMEGA-60 Laser Facility at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester. A volume of xenon gas placed in front of an optical component absorbs the incoming soft x-ray radiation but transmits optical and ultra-violet radiation. The time-resolved optical (532 nm) transmission of samples was recorded as they were exposed to soft x-rays produced by a gold sphere source (1.5 kJ sr$-$1, 250–300 eV). Blanking of fused silica (SiO2) was measured to occur over a range of time-integrated soft x-ray (<3 keV) fluence from ~0.2–2.5 J cm$-$2. A shield test device consisting of a 30 nm silicon nitride (Si3N4) and a 10 cm long volume of 0.04 bar xenon gas succeeded in delaying loss of transmission through a magnesium fluoride sample; optical transmission was observed over a longer period than for the unprotected sample. It is hoped that the design of this x-ray shield can be scaled in order to produce a shield device for the National Ignition Facility optical Thomson scattering collection telescope, in order to allow measurements of hohlraum plasma conditions produced in inertial confinement fusion experiments. Finally, if successful, it will also have applications in many other high energy density experiments where optical and ultra-violet measurements are desirable.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4978577},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = 3,
volume = 24,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 16 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Thu Mar 16 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}

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