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Title: Rapid and multiband variability of the TeV bright active nucleus of the galaxy IC 310

Abstract

Recently the radio galaxy IC 310 was identified as a γ-ray emitter based on observations at GeV energies with Fermi-LAT and at very high energies (VHE, E > 100 GeV) with the MAGIC telescopes. Originally classified as a head-tail radio galaxy, the nature of this object is subject of controversy since its nucleus shows blazar-like behavior. In order to understand the nature of IC 310 and the origin of the VHE emission, we studied the spectral and flux variability of IC 310 from the X-ray band to the VHE γ-ray regime. The light curve of IC 310 above 300 GeV has been measured with the MAGIC telescopes from 2009 October to 2010 February. Contemporaneous Fermi-LAT data (2008-2011) in the 10-500 GeV energy range were also analyzed. In the X-ray regime, archival observations from 2003 to 2007 with XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Swift-XRT in the 0.5-10 keV band were studied. The VHE light curve reveals several high-amplitude and short-duration flares. Day-to-day flux variability is clearly present (>5σ). The photon index between 120 GeV and 8 TeV remains at the value Γ ~ 2.0 during both low and high flux states. The VHE spectral shape does not show significant variability, whereas the fluxmore » at 1 TeV changes by a factor of ~7. Fermi-LAT detected only eight γ-ray events in the energy range 10 GeV–500 GeV in three years of observation. Moreover, the measured photon index of Γ = 1.3 ± 0.5 in the Fermi-LAT range is very hard. The X-ray measurements show strong variability in both flux and photon index. The latter varied from 1.76 ± 0.07 to 2.55 ± 0.07. The rapid variability measured in γ-rays and X-rays confirms the blazar-like behavior of IC 310. The multi-TeV γ-ray emission seems to originate from scales of less than 80 Schwarzschild radii (for a black hole mass of 2 × 108 M⊙) within the compact core of its FR I radio jet with orientation angle 10°-38°. The spectral energy distribution resembles that of an extreme blazar, albeit the luminosity is more than two orders of magnitude lower.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; « less
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
Contributing Org.:
The MAGIC Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1356530
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 563; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-6361
Publisher:
EDP Sciences
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; galaxies: active; galaxies: individual: IC 310; gamma rays: galaxies; X-rays: galaxies

Citation Formats

Aleksić, J., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Boller, A., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borla Tridon, D., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Carreto Fidalgo, D., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Cossio, L., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., Delgado Mendez, C., De Lotto, B., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Farina, E., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gozzini, S. R., Hadamek, A., Hadasch, D., Häfner, D., Herrero, A., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Kadenius, V., Knoetig, M. L., Krähenbühl, T., Krause, J., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., López-Coto, R., López, M., López-Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Masbou, J., Mazin, D., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moldón, J., Moralejo, A., Munar-Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Niedzwiecki, A., Nilsson, K., Nowak, N., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Persic, M., Prada, F., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Preziuso, S., Puljak, I., Reichardt, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Saito, T. Y., Salvati, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Spiro, S., Stamatescu, V., Stamerra, A., Steinke, B., Storz, J., Sun, S., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Uellenbeck, M., Vogler, P., Wagner, R. M., Weitzel, Q., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Dauser, T., Fortin, P., Kadler, M., Krauß, F., Wilbert, S., and Wilms, J. Rapid and multiband variability of the TeV bright active nucleus of the galaxy IC 310. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321938.
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Aleksić, J., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Boller, A., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borla Tridon, D., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Carreto Fidalgo, D., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Cossio, L., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., Delgado Mendez, C., De Lotto, B., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Farina, E., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gozzini, S. R., Hadamek, A., Hadasch, D., Häfner, D., Herrero, A., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Kadenius, V., Knoetig, M. L., Krähenbühl, T., Krause, J., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., López-Coto, R., López, M., López-Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Masbou, J., Mazin, D., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moldón, J., Moralejo, A., Munar-Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Niedzwiecki, A., Nilsson, K., Nowak, N., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Persic, M., Prada, F., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Preziuso, S., Puljak, I., Reichardt, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Saito, T. Y., Salvati, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Spiro, S., Stamatescu, V., Stamerra, A., Steinke, B., Storz, J., Sun, S., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Uellenbeck, M., Vogler, P., Wagner, R. M., Weitzel, Q., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Dauser, T., Fortin, P., Kadler, M., Krauß, F., Wilbert, S., & Wilms, J. Rapid and multiband variability of the TeV bright active nucleus of the galaxy IC 310. United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321938
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Aleksić, J., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Boller, A., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borla Tridon, D., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Carreto Fidalgo, D., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Cossio, L., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., Delgado Mendez, C., De Lotto, B., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Farina, E., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gozzini, S. R., Hadamek, A., Hadasch, D., Häfner, D., Herrero, A., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Kadenius, V., Knoetig, M. L., Krähenbühl, T., Krause, J., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., López-Coto, R., López, M., López-Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Masbou, J., Mazin, D., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moldón, J., Moralejo, A., Munar-Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Niedzwiecki, A., Nilsson, K., Nowak, N., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Persic, M., Prada, F., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Preziuso, S., Puljak, I., Reichardt, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Saito, T. Y., Salvati, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Spiro, S., Stamatescu, V., Stamerra, A., Steinke, B., Storz, J., Sun, S., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Uellenbeck, M., Vogler, P., Wagner, R. M., Weitzel, Q., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Dauser, T., Fortin, P., Kadler, M., Krauß, F., Wilbert, S., and Wilms, J. Fri . "Rapid and multiband variability of the TeV bright active nucleus of the galaxy IC 310". United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321938. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1356530.
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@article{osti_1356530,
title = {Rapid and multiband variability of the TeV bright active nucleus of the galaxy IC 310},
author = {Aleksić, J. and Antonelli, L. A. and Antoranz, P. and Babic, A. and Barres de Almeida, U. and Barrio, J. A. and Becerra González, J. and Bednarek, W. and Berger, K. and Bernardini, E. and Biland, A. and Blanch, O. and Bock, R. K. and Boller, A. and Bonnefoy, S. and Bonnoli, G. and Borla Tridon, D. and Borracci, F. and Bretz, T. and Carmona, E. and Carosi, A. and Carreto Fidalgo, D. and Colin, P. and Colombo, E. and Contreras, J. L. and Cortina, J. and Cossio, L. and Covino, S. and Da Vela, P. and Dazzi, F. and De Angelis, A. and De Caneva, G. and Delgado Mendez, C. and De Lotto, B. and Doert, M. and Domínguez, A. and Dominis Prester, D. and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Eisenacher, D. and Elsaesser, D. and Farina, E. and Ferenc, D. and Fonseca, M. V. and Font, L. and Fruck, C. and García López, R. J. and Garczarczyk, M. and Garrido Terrats, D. and Gaug, M. and Giavitto, G. and Godinović, N. and González Muñoz, A. and Gozzini, S. R. and Hadamek, A. and Hadasch, D. and Häfner, D. and Herrero, A. and Hose, J. and Hrupec, D. and Idec, W. and Kadenius, V. and Knoetig, M. L. and Krähenbühl, T. and Krause, J. and Kushida, J. and La Barbera, A. and Lelas, D. and Lewandowska, N. and Lindfors, E. and Lombardi, S. and López-Coto, R. and López, M. and López-Oramas, A. and Lorenz, E. and Lozano, I. and Makariev, M. and Mallot, K. and Maneva, G. and Mankuzhiyil, N. and Mannheim, K. and Maraschi, L. and Marcote, B. and Mariotti, M. and Martínez, M. and Masbou, J. and Mazin, D. and Meucci, M. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Moldón, J. and Moralejo, A. and Munar-Adrover, P. and Nakajima, D. and Niedzwiecki, A. and Nilsson, K. and Nowak, N. and Orito, R. and Overkemping, A. and Paiano, S. and Palatiello, M. and Paneque, D. and Paoletti, R. and Paredes, J. M. and Partini, S. and Persic, M. and Prada, F. and Prada Moroni, P. G. and Prandini, E. and Preziuso, S. and Puljak, I. and Reichardt, I. and Reinthal, R. and Rhode, W. and Ribó, M. and Rico, J. and Rügamer, S. and Saggion, A. and Saito, K. and Saito, T. Y. and Salvati, M. and Satalecka, K. and Scalzotto, V. and Scapin, V. and Schultz, C. and Schweizer, T. and Shore, S. N. and Sillanpää, A. and Sitarek, J. and Snidaric, I. and Sobczynska, D. and Spanier, F. and Spiro, S. and Stamatescu, V. and Stamerra, A. and Steinke, B. and Storz, J. and Sun, S. and Surić, T. and Takalo, L. and Takami, H. and Tavecchio, F. and Temnikov, P. and Terzić, T. and Tescaro, D. and Teshima, M. and Thaele, J. and Tibolla, O. and Torres, D. F. and Toyama, T. and Treves, A. and Uellenbeck, M. and Vogler, P. and Wagner, R. M. and Weitzel, Q. and Zandanel, F. and Zanin, R. and Dauser, T. and Fortin, P. and Kadler, M. and Krauß, F. and Wilbert, S. and Wilms, J.},
abstractNote = {Recently the radio galaxy IC 310 was identified as a γ-ray emitter based on observations at GeV energies with Fermi-LAT and at very high energies (VHE, E > 100 GeV) with the MAGIC telescopes. Originally classified as a head-tail radio galaxy, the nature of this object is subject of controversy since its nucleus shows blazar-like behavior. In order to understand the nature of IC 310 and the origin of the VHE emission, we studied the spectral and flux variability of IC 310 from the X-ray band to the VHE γ-ray regime. The light curve of IC 310 above 300 GeV has been measured with the MAGIC telescopes from 2009 October to 2010 February. Contemporaneous Fermi-LAT data (2008-2011) in the 10-500 GeV energy range were also analyzed. In the X-ray regime, archival observations from 2003 to 2007 with XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Swift-XRT in the 0.5-10 keV band were studied. The VHE light curve reveals several high-amplitude and short-duration flares. Day-to-day flux variability is clearly present (>5σ). The photon index between 120 GeV and 8 TeV remains at the value Γ ~ 2.0 during both low and high flux states. The VHE spectral shape does not show significant variability, whereas the flux at 1 TeV changes by a factor of ~7. Fermi-LAT detected only eight γ-ray events in the energy range 10 GeV–500 GeV in three years of observation. Moreover, the measured photon index of Γ = 1.3 ± 0.5 in the Fermi-LAT range is very hard. The X-ray measurements show strong variability in both flux and photon index. The latter varied from 1.76 ± 0.07 to 2.55 ± 0.07. The rapid variability measured in γ-rays and X-rays confirms the blazar-like behavior of IC 310. The multi-TeV γ-ray emission seems to originate from scales of less than 80 Schwarzschild radii (for a black hole mass of 2 × 108 M⊙) within the compact core of its FR I radio jet with orientation angle 10°-38°. The spectral energy distribution resembles that of an extreme blazar, albeit the luminosity is more than two orders of magnitude lower.},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201321938},
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
number = ,
volume = 563,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2014},
month = {Fri Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2014}
}
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Light curve of IC 310 above 300 GeV from 2009 October to 2010 February. The arrows are 95% confidence level upper limits calculated for days compatible with no signal. The dashed line shows the constant flux fit to all flux points not taking i to account the uppermore » limits (χ2/d.o.f= 102/32).« less
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  • Albert, J.; Aliu, E.; Anderhub, H.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 685, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/592348

Is the giant radio galaxy M 87 a TeV gamma-ray emitter?
journal, April 2003

THE M -σ AND M - L RELATIONS IN GALACTIC BULGES, AND DETERMINATIONS OF THEIR INTRINSIC SCATTER
journal, May 2009

  • Gültekin, Kayhan; Richstone, Douglas O.; Gebhardt, Karl
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 698, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/198

A theoretical unifying scheme for gamma-ray bright blazars
journal, December 1998

The Structure of Extended Extragalactic Radio Sources
journal, September 1980

Observation of Gamma‐Ray Emission from the Galaxy M87 above 250 GeV with VERITAS1
journal, May 2008

  • Acciari, V. A.; Beilicke, M.; Blaylock, G.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 679, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/587458

A simplified view of blazars: clearing the fog around long-standing selection effects: A simplified view of blazars
journal, February 2012

Very high-energy γ -ray emission from IC 310
journal, September 2010

Performance of the MAGIC stereo system obtained with Crab Nebula data
journal, February 2012

THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON ORBIT: EVENT CLASSIFICATION, INSTRUMENT RESPONSE FUNCTIONS, AND CALIBRATION
journal, October 2012

  • Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Albert, A.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 203, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/203/1/4

Detection of very high Energy γ-Ray Emission from the Perseus Cluster Head-Tail Galaxy ic 310 by the Magic Telescopes
journal, October 2010

Limits and confidence intervals in the presence of nuisance parameters
journal, October 2005

  • Rolke, Wolfgang A.; López, Angel M.; Conrad, Jan
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 551, Issue 2-3
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2005.05.068

XMM-Newton Observation of IC 310 in the Outer Region of the Perseus Cluster of Galaxies
journal, October 2005

  • Sato, Kosuke; Furusho, Tae; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 57, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1093/pasj/57.5.743
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    • in ’t Zand, Jean J. M.; Bozzo, Enrico; Qu, JinLu
    • Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, Vol. 62, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.1007/s11433-017-9186-1

    Deep observation of the NGC 1275 region with MAGIC: search of diffuse γ -ray emission from cosmic rays in the Perseus cluster
    journal, April 2016

    Gamma-ray flaring activity of NGC1275 in 2016–2017 measured by MAGIC
    journal, September 2018

    High-energy emission processes in M87
    journal, May 2015

    • de Jong, S.; Beckmann, V.; Soldi, S.
    • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 450, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv927

    Deep 230–470 MHz VLA observations of the mini-halo in the Perseus cluster
    journal, June 2017

    • Gendron-Marsolais, M.; Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.; van Weeren, R. J.
    • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 469, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx1042

    Fermi-LAT observations of extreme spectral variability in IC 310
    journal, February 2019

    • Graham, Jamie A.; Brown, Anthony M.; Chadwick, Paula M.
    • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 485, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz588

    Black hole lightning due to particle acceleration at subhorizon scales
    journal, November 2014

    Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Observations of Head–Tail Radio Galaxies
    journal, September 2017

    • Sebastian, Biny; Lal, Dharam V.; Rao, A. Pramesh
    • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 154, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa88d0

    Rapid Gamma-Ray Variability of NGC 1275
    journal, October 2017

    • Baghmanyan, V.; Gasparyan, S.; Sahakyan, N.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8c7b

    Magnetospheric Gamma-Ray Emission in Active Galactic Nuclei
    journal, January 2018

    VERITAS Discovery of VHE Emission from the Radio Galaxy 3C 264: A Multiwavelength Study
    journal, June 2020

    Deep observation of the NGC 1275 region with MAGIC: search of diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission from cosmic rays in the Perseus cluster
    text, January 2016

    • Ahnen, M. L.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
    • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
    • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2016-04075

    Deep 230-470 MHz VLA observations of the mini-halo in the Perseus cluster
    text, January 2017

    • Gendron-Marsolais, M.; Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.; Van Weeren, Rj
    • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
    • DOI: 10.17863/cam.23064

    Black hole lightning due to particle acceleration at subhorizon scales
    text, January 2014

    High-energy Emission Processes in M 87
    preprint, January 2015

    Deep 230-470 MHz VLA Observations of the mini-halo in the Perseus Cluster
    text, January 2017

    Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Observations of Head-Tail Radio Galaxies
    text, January 2017

    Gamma-ray flaring activity of NGC 1275 in 2016-2017 measured by MAGIC
    text, January 2018

    Observatory science with eXTP
    text, January 2018

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