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Title: Detection of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 with the MAGIC telescopes

Abstract

QSO B0218+357 is a gravitationally lensed blazar located at a redshift of 0.944. The gravitational lensing splits the emitted radiation into two components that are spatially indistinguishable by gamma-ray instruments, but separated by a 10–12 day delay. In July 2014, QSO B0218+357 experienced a violent flare observed by the Fermi-LAT and followed by the MAGIC telescopes. The spectral energy distribution of QSO B0218+357 can give information on the energetics of z ~ 1 very high energy gamma-ray sources. Furthermore, the gamma-ray emission can also be used as a probe of the extragalactic background light at z ~ 1. MAGIC performed observations of QSO B0218+357 during the expected arrival time of the delayed component of the emission. The MAGIC and Fermi-LAT observations were accompanied by quasi-simultaneous optical data from the KVA telescope and X-ray observations by Swift-XRT. We construct a multiwavelength spectral energy distribution of QSO B0218+357 and use it to model the source. The GeV and sub-TeV data obtained by Fermi-LAT and MAGIC are used to set constraints on the extragalactic background light. We detected very high energy gamma-ray emission from the direction of QSO B0218+357 by the MAGIC telescopes during the expected time of arrival of the trailing componentmore » of the flare, making it the farthest very high energy gamma-ray source detected to date. We also observed emission spans the energy range from 65 to 175 GeV. The combined MAGIC and Fermi-LAT spectral energy distribution of QSO B0218+357 is consistent with current extragalactic background light models. The broadband emission can be modeled in the framework of a two-zone external Compton scenario, where the GeV emission comes from an emission region in the jet, located outside the broad line region.« less

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
Contributing Org.:
Fermi LAT Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1355716
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 595; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-6361
Publisher:
EDP Sciences
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; gamma rays: galaxies; gravitational lensing: strong; galaxies: jets; radiation mechnisms: non-thermal; quasars: individual: QSO B0218+357

Citation Formats

Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Arcaro, C., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Oña Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Engelkemeier, M., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fernández-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., López-Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes-Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J. R., Reichardt, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schroeder, S., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., and Desiante, R. Detection of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 with the MAGIC telescopes. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629461.
Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Arcaro, C., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Oña Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Engelkemeier, M., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fernández-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., López-Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes-Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J. R., Reichardt, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schroeder, S., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., & Desiante, R. Detection of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 with the MAGIC telescopes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629461
Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Arcaro, C., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Oña Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Engelkemeier, M., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fernández-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., López-Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes-Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J. R., Reichardt, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schroeder, S., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., and Desiante, R. Fri . "Detection of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 with the MAGIC telescopes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629461. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1355716.
@article{osti_1355716,
title = {Detection of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 with the MAGIC telescopes},
author = {Ahnen, M. L. and Ansoldi, S. and Antonelli, L. A. and Antoranz, P. and Arcaro, C. and Babic, A. and Banerjee, B. and Bangale, P. and Barres de Almeida, U. and Barrio, J. A. and Becerra González, J. and Bednarek, W. and Bernardini, E. and Berti, A. and Biasuzzi, B. and Biland, A. and Blanch, O. and Bonnefoy, S. and Bonnoli, G. and Borracci, F. and Bretz, T. and Buson, S. and Carosi, A. and Chatterjee, A. and Clavero, R. and Colin, P. and Colombo, E. and Contreras, J. L. and Cortina, J. and Covino, S. and Da Vela, P. and Dazzi, F. and De Angelis, A. and De Lotto, B. and de Oña Wilhelmi, E. and Di Pierro, F. and Doert, M. and Domínguez, A. and Dominis Prester, D. and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Einecke, S. and Eisenacher Glawion, D. and Elsaesser, D. and Engelkemeier, M. and Fallah Ramazani, V. and Fernández-Barral, A. and Fidalgo, D. and Fonseca, M. V. and Font, L. and Frantzen, K. and Fruck, C. and Galindo, D. and García López, R. J. and Garczarczyk, M. and Garrido Terrats, D. and Gaug, M. and Giammaria, P. and Godinović, N. and Gora, D. and Guberman, D. and Hadasch, D. and Hahn, A. and Hayashida, M. and Herrera, J. and Hose, J. and Hrupec, D. and Hughes, G. and Idec, W. and Kodani, K. and Konno, Y. and Kubo, H. and Kushida, J. and La Barbera, A. and Lelas, D. and Lindfors, E. and Lombardi, S. and Longo, F. and López, M. and López-Coto, R. and Majumdar, P. and Makariev, M. and Mallot, K. and Maneva, G. and Manganaro, M. and Mannheim, K. and Maraschi, L. and Marcote, B. and Mariotti, M. and Martínez, M. and Mazin, D. and Menzel, U. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Moralejo, A. and Moretti, E. and Nakajima, D. and Neustroev, V. and Niedzwiecki, A. and Nievas Rosillo, M. and Nilsson, K. and Nishijima, K. and Noda, K. and Nogués, L. and Paiano, S. and Palacio, J. and Palatiello, M. and Paneque, D. and Paoletti, R. and Paredes, J. M. and Paredes-Fortuny, X. and Pedaletti, G. and Peresano, M. and Perri, L. and Persic, M. and Poutanen, J. and Prada Moroni, P. G. and Prandini, E. and Puljak, I. and Garcia, J. R. and Reichardt, I. and Rhode, W. and Ribó, M. and Rico, J. and Saito, T. and Satalecka, K. and Schroeder, S. and Schweizer, T. and Shore, S. N. and Sillanpää, A. and Sitarek, J. and Snidaric, I. and Sobczynska, D. and Stamerra, A. and Strzys, M. and Surić, T. and Takalo, L. and Tavecchio, F. and Temnikov, P. and Terzić, T. and Tescaro, D. and Teshima, M. and Torres, D. F. and Toyama, T. and Treves, A. and Vanzo, G. and Verguilov, V. and Vovk, I. and Ward, J. E. and Will, M. and Wu, M. H. and Zanin, R. and Desiante, R.},
abstractNote = {QSO B0218+357 is a gravitationally lensed blazar located at a redshift of 0.944. The gravitational lensing splits the emitted radiation into two components that are spatially indistinguishable by gamma-ray instruments, but separated by a 10–12 day delay. In July 2014, QSO B0218+357 experienced a violent flare observed by the Fermi-LAT and followed by the MAGIC telescopes. The spectral energy distribution of QSO B0218+357 can give information on the energetics of z ~ 1 very high energy gamma-ray sources. Furthermore, the gamma-ray emission can also be used as a probe of the extragalactic background light at z ~ 1. MAGIC performed observations of QSO B0218+357 during the expected arrival time of the delayed component of the emission. The MAGIC and Fermi-LAT observations were accompanied by quasi-simultaneous optical data from the KVA telescope and X-ray observations by Swift-XRT. We construct a multiwavelength spectral energy distribution of QSO B0218+357 and use it to model the source. The GeV and sub-TeV data obtained by Fermi-LAT and MAGIC are used to set constraints on the extragalactic background light. We detected very high energy gamma-ray emission from the direction of QSO B0218+357 by the MAGIC telescopes during the expected time of arrival of the trailing component of the flare, making it the farthest very high energy gamma-ray source detected to date. We also observed emission spans the energy range from 65 to 175 GeV. The combined MAGIC and Fermi-LAT spectral energy distribution of QSO B0218+357 is consistent with current extragalactic background light models. The broadband emission can be modeled in the framework of a two-zone external Compton scenario, where the GeV emission comes from an emission region in the jet, located outside the broad line region.},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201629461},
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
number = ,
volume = 595,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Nov 04 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Fri Nov 04 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}

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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Distribution of the squared angular distance, $\theta$2, between the reconstructed source position and the nominal source position (points) or the background estimation position (shaded area). The vertical dashed line shows the value of $\theta$2 up to which the number of excess events and significance are computed.

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In-flight measurement of the absolute energy scale of the Fermi Large Area Telescope
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VERY HIGH ENERGY γ -RAYS FROM THE UNIVERSE’S MIDDLE AGE: DETECTION OF THE z = 0.940 BLAZAR PKS 1441+25 WITH MAGIC
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Gamma-Rays from the Quasar pks 1441+25: Story of an Escape
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The Imprint of the Extragalactic Background Light in the Gamma-Ray Spectra of Blazars
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Gamma-Rays from the Quasar PKS 1441+25: Story of an Escape
text, January 2015

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Radio follow-up of the gamma-ray flaring gravitational lens JVAS B0218+357
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The Redshift of the Lensed Object in the Einstein Ring B0218+357
text, January 2002


The Swift Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Luminous and high-frequency peaked blazars: the origin of the γ -ray emission from PKS 1424+240
journal, October 2017


Detection of persistent VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510–089 by the MAGIC telescopes during low states between 2012 and 2017
journal, November 2018


Study of the variable broadband emission of Markarian 501 during the most extreme Swift X-ray activity
journal, May 2020


The large gamma-ray flare of the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 0346−27
journal, July 2019


Fermi-LAT high-z active galactic nuclei and the extragalactic background light
journal, May 2017

  • Armstrong, Thomas; Brown, Anthony M.; Chadwick, Paula M.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 470, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx1309

Measurement of the extragalactic background light using MAGIC and Fermi-LAT gamma-ray observations of blazars up to z = 1
journal, April 2019

  • Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz943

Monitoring the Extragalactic High Energy Sky
journal, January 2019


The VHE γ-Ray View of the FSRQ PKS 1510-089
journal, March 2019

  • Zacharias, Michael; Dominis Prester, Dijana; Jankowsky, Felix
  • Galaxies, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3390/galaxies7010041

Relativistic Jets in Gamma-Ray-Emitting Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies
journal, November 2019


On the Redshift of TeV BL Lac Objects
journal, March 2017


Measurement of the Extragalactic Background Light Spectral Energy Distribution with VERITAS
journal, November 2019


Detection of persistent VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 by the MAGIC telescopes during low states between 2012 and 2017
text, January 2018

  • Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
  • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
  • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2019-00134

Measurement of the extragalactic background light using MAGIC and Fermi-LAT gamma-ray observations of blazars up to z = 1
text, January 2019

  • Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
  • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
  • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2019-03716

Luminous and high-frequency peaked blazars: the origin of the $\gamma$-ray emission from PKS 1424+240
text, January 2017


Measurement of the extragalactic background light spectral energy distribution with VERITAS
text, January 2019

  • Collaboration, Veritas; Abeysekara, A. U.; Archer, A.
  • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
  • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2019-05351

Measurement of the extragalactic background light spectral energy distribution with VERITAS
text, January 2019

  • Collaboration, Veritas; Abeysekara, A. U.; Archer, A.
  • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
  • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2019-05361

The VHE $\gamma$-Ray View of the FSRQ PKS 1510-089
text, January 2019

  • Zacharias, Michael; Dominis Prester, Dijana; Jankowsky, Felix
  • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
  • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2019-01897

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