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Title: PSR J1906+0722: an Elusive Gamma-Ray Pulsar

Abstract

Here, we report the discovery of PSR J1906+0722, a gamma-ray pulsar detected as part of a blind survey of unidentified Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) sources being carried out on the volunteer distributed computing system, Einstein@Home. This newly discovered pulsar previously appeared as the most significant remaining unidentified gamma-ray source without a known association in the second Fermi-LAT source catalog (2FGL) and was among the top 10 most significant unassociated sources in the recent third catalog (3FGL). PSR J1906+0722 is a young, energetic, isolated pulsar, with a spin frequency of 8.9 Hz, a characteristic age of 49 kyr, and spin-down power $$1.0\times {10}^{36}$$ erg s-1. In 2009 August it suffered one of the largest glitches detected from a gamma-ray pulsar ($${\rm{\Delta }}f/f\approx 4.5\times {10}^{-6}$$). Remaining undetected in dedicated radio follow-up observations, the pulsar is likely radio-quiet. An off-pulse analysis of the gamma-ray flux from the location of PSR J1906+0722 revealed the presence of an additional nearby source, which may be emission from the interaction between a neighboring supernova remnant and a molecular cloud. We discuss possible effects which may have hindered the detection of PSR J1906+0722 in previous searches and describe the methods by which these effects were mitigated in this survey. Lastly, we also demonstrate the use of advanced timing methods for estimating the positional, spin and glitch parameters of difficult-to-time pulsars such as this.

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG); German Research Foundation (DFG); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Contributing Org.:
Fermi-LAT Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1354925
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515; PL710/1-1
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online); Journal Volume: 809; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-8213
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; gamma rays; stars; pulsars; individual (PSR J1906+0722)

Citation Formats

Clark, C. J., Pletsch, H. J., Wu, J., Guillemot, L., Ackermann, M., Allen, B., Angelis, A. de, Aulbert, C., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bock, O., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cecchi, C., Champion, D. J., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cuéllar, A., Cutini, S., D’Ammando, F., Desiante, R., Drell, P. S., Eggenstein, H. B., Favuzzi, C., Fehrmann, H., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Franckowiak, A., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Hou, X., Jogler, T., Johnson, A. S., Jóhannesson, G., Kramer, M., Krauss, F., Kuss, M., Laffon, H., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Machenschalk, B., Manfreda, A., Marelli, M., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Palma, F. de, Paneque, D., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Schaal, M., Schulz, A., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Thayer, J. B., Tibaldo, L., Torne, P., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., and Yassine, M. PSR J1906+0722: an Elusive Gamma-Ray Pulsar. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/809/1/L2.
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Clark, C. J., Pletsch, H. J., Wu, J., Guillemot, L., Ackermann, M., Allen, B., Angelis, A. de, Aulbert, C., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bock, O., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cecchi, C., Champion, D. J., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cuéllar, A., Cutini, S., D’Ammando, F., Desiante, R., Drell, P. S., Eggenstein, H. B., Favuzzi, C., Fehrmann, H., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Franckowiak, A., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Hou, X., Jogler, T., Johnson, A. S., Jóhannesson, G., Kramer, M., Krauss, F., Kuss, M., Laffon, H., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Machenschalk, B., Manfreda, A., Marelli, M., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Palma, F. de, Paneque, D., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Schaal, M., Schulz, A., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Thayer, J. B., Tibaldo, L., Torne, P., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., & Yassine, M. PSR J1906+0722: an Elusive Gamma-Ray Pulsar. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/809/1/L2
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Clark, C. J., Pletsch, H. J., Wu, J., Guillemot, L., Ackermann, M., Allen, B., Angelis, A. de, Aulbert, C., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bock, O., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cecchi, C., Champion, D. J., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cuéllar, A., Cutini, S., D’Ammando, F., Desiante, R., Drell, P. S., Eggenstein, H. B., Favuzzi, C., Fehrmann, H., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Franckowiak, A., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Hou, X., Jogler, T., Johnson, A. S., Jóhannesson, G., Kramer, M., Krauss, F., Kuss, M., Laffon, H., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Machenschalk, B., Manfreda, A., Marelli, M., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Palma, F. de, Paneque, D., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Schaal, M., Schulz, A., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Thayer, J. B., Tibaldo, L., Torne, P., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., and Yassine, M. Tue . "PSR J1906+0722: an Elusive Gamma-Ray Pulsar". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/809/1/L2. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1354925.
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@article{osti_1354925,
title = {PSR J1906+0722: an Elusive Gamma-Ray Pulsar},
author = {Clark, C. J. and Pletsch, H. J. and Wu, J. and Guillemot, L. and Ackermann, M. and Allen, B. and Angelis, A. de and Aulbert, C. and Baldini, L. and Ballet, J. and Barbiellini, G. and Bastieri, D. and Bellazzini, R. and Bissaldi, E. and Bock, O. and Bonino, R. and Bottacini, E. and Brandt, T. J. and Bregeon, J. and Bruel, P. and Buson, S. and Caliandro, G. A. and Cameron, R. A. and Caragiulo, M. and Caraveo, P. A. and Cecchi, C. and Champion, D. J. and Charles, E. and Chekhtman, A. and Chiang, J. and Chiaro, G. and Ciprini, S. and Claus, R. and Cohen-Tanugi, J. and Cuéllar, A. and Cutini, S. and D’Ammando, F. and Desiante, R. and Drell, P. S. and Eggenstein, H. B. and Favuzzi, C. and Fehrmann, H. and Ferrara, E. C. and Focke, W. B. and Franckowiak, A. and Fusco, P. and Gargano, F. and Gasparrini, D. and Giglietto, N. and Giordano, F. and Glanzman, T. and Godfrey, G. and Grenier, I. A. and Grove, J. E. and Guiriec, S. and Harding, A. K. and Hays, E. and Hewitt, J. W. and Hill, A. B. and Horan, D. and Hou, X. and Jogler, T. and Johnson, A. S. and Jóhannesson, G. and Kramer, M. and Krauss, F. and Kuss, M. and Laffon, H. and Larsson, S. and Latronico, L. and Li, J. and Li, L. and Longo, F. and Loparco, F. and Lovellette, M. N. and Lubrano, P. and Machenschalk, B. and Manfreda, A. and Marelli, M. and Mayer, M. and Mazziotta, M. N. and Michelson, P. F. and Mizuno, T. and Monzani, M. E. and Morselli, A. and Moskalenko, I. V. and Murgia, S. and Nuss, E. and Ohsugi, T. and Orienti, M. and Orlando, E. and Palma, F. de and Paneque, D. and Pesce-Rollins, M. and Piron, F. and Pivato, G. and Rainò, S. and Rando, R. and Razzano, M. and Reimer, A. and Parkinson, P. M. Saz and Schaal, M. and Schulz, A. and Sgrò, C. and Siskind, E. J. and Spada, F. and Spandre, G. and Spinelli, P. and Suson, D. J. and Takahashi, H. and Thayer, J. B. and Tibaldo, L. and Torne, P. and Torres, D. F. and Tosti, G. and Troja, E. and Vianello, G. and Wood, K. S. and Wood, M. and Yassine, M.},
abstractNote = {Here, we report the discovery of PSR J1906+0722, a gamma-ray pulsar detected as part of a blind survey of unidentified Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) sources being carried out on the volunteer distributed computing system, Einstein@Home. This newly discovered pulsar previously appeared as the most significant remaining unidentified gamma-ray source without a known association in the second Fermi-LAT source catalog (2FGL) and was among the top 10 most significant unassociated sources in the recent third catalog (3FGL). PSR J1906+0722 is a young, energetic, isolated pulsar, with a spin frequency of 8.9 Hz, a characteristic age of 49 kyr, and spin-down power $1.0\times {10}^{36}$ erg s-1. In 2009 August it suffered one of the largest glitches detected from a gamma-ray pulsar (${\rm{\Delta }}f/f\approx 4.5\times {10}^{-6}$). Remaining undetected in dedicated radio follow-up observations, the pulsar is likely radio-quiet. An off-pulse analysis of the gamma-ray flux from the location of PSR J1906+0722 revealed the presence of an additional nearby source, which may be emission from the interaction between a neighboring supernova remnant and a molecular cloud. We discuss possible effects which may have hindered the detection of PSR J1906+0722 in previous searches and describe the methods by which these effects were mitigated in this survey. Lastly, we also demonstrate the use of advanced timing methods for estimating the positional, spin and glitch parameters of difficult-to-time pulsars such as this.},
doi = {10.1088/2041-8205/809/1/L2},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 809,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Aug 04 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Aug 04 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/809/1/L2
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Works referenced in this record:

Detection of 16 Gamma-Ray Pulsars Through Blind Frequency Searches Using the Fermi LAT
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PSR J1907+0602: A RADIO-FAINT GAMMA-RAY PULSAR POWERING A BRIGHT TeV PULSAR WIND NEBULA
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THE LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE MISSION
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    • Enoto, Teruaki; Kisaka, Shota; Shibata, Shinpei
    • Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 10
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    The Einstein@Home Gamma-Ray Pulsar Survey. i. Search Methods, Sensitivity, and Discovery of new Young Gamma-Ray Pulsars
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    The Einstein@Home Gamma-ray Pulsar Survey. II. Source Selection, Spectral Analysis, and Multiwavelength Follow-up
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    Detection and Timing of Gamma-Ray Pulsations from the 707 Hz Pulsar J0952−0607
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    • Nieder, L.; Clark, C. J.; Bassa, C. G.
    • Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing
    • DOI: 10.15488/9766
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