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Title: Colloquium: Herbertsmithite and the search for the quantum spin liquid

Abstract

Quantum spin liquids form a novel class of matter where, despite the existence of strong exchange interactions, spins do not order down to the lowest measured temperature. Typically, these occur in lattices that act to frustrate the appearance of magnetism. In two dimensions, the classic example is the kagome lattice composed of corner sharing triangles. There are a variety of minerals whose transition metal ions form such a lattice. Hence, a number of them have been studied and were then subsequently synthesized in order to obtain more pristine samples. Of particular note was the report in 2005 by Dan Nocera's group of the synthesis of herbertsmithite, composed of a lattice of copper ions sitting on a kagome lattice, which indeed does not order down to the lowest measured temperature despite the existence of a large exchange interaction of 17 meV. Over the past decade, this material has been extensively studied, yielding a number of intriguing surprises that have in turn motivated a resurgence of interest in the theoretical study of the spin 1/2 Heisenberg model on a kagome lattice. In this paper, this Colloquium reviews these developments and then discusses potential future directions, both experimental and theoretical, as well asmore » the challenge of doping these materials with the hope that this could lead to the discovery of novel topological and superconducting phases.« less

Authors:
 [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1352684
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1334223
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Reviews of Modern Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 88; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6861
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS

Citation Formats

Norman, M. R. Colloquium: Herbertsmithite and the search for the quantum spin liquid. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.88.041002.
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Norman, M. R. Colloquium: Herbertsmithite and the search for the quantum spin liquid. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.88.041002
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Norman, M. R. Fri . "Colloquium: Herbertsmithite and the search for the quantum spin liquid". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.88.041002. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1352684.
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@article{osti_1352684,
title = {Colloquium: Herbertsmithite and the search for the quantum spin liquid},
author = {Norman, M. R.},
abstractNote = {Quantum spin liquids form a novel class of matter where, despite the existence of strong exchange interactions, spins do not order down to the lowest measured temperature. Typically, these occur in lattices that act to frustrate the appearance of magnetism. In two dimensions, the classic example is the kagome lattice composed of corner sharing triangles. There are a variety of minerals whose transition metal ions form such a lattice. Hence, a number of them have been studied and were then subsequently synthesized in order to obtain more pristine samples. Of particular note was the report in 2005 by Dan Nocera's group of the synthesis of herbertsmithite, composed of a lattice of copper ions sitting on a kagome lattice, which indeed does not order down to the lowest measured temperature despite the existence of a large exchange interaction of 17 meV. Over the past decade, this material has been extensively studied, yielding a number of intriguing surprises that have in turn motivated a resurgence of interest in the theoretical study of the spin 1/2 Heisenberg model on a kagome lattice. In this paper, this Colloquium reviews these developments and then discusses potential future directions, both experimental and theoretical, as well as the challenge of doping these materials with the hope that this could lead to the discovery of novel topological and superconducting phases.},
doi = {10.1103/RevModPhys.88.041002},
journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
number = 4,
volume = 88,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 02 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Fri Dec 02 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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    Gapless ground state in the archetypal quantum kagome antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2
    journal, February 2020

    Absence of magnetic ordering in the spin liquid candidate Ca 3 Cu 2 GeV 2 O 12
    journal, December 2019

    • Lussier, Joey A.; Richtik, Brooke N.; Mauws, Cole
    • Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 32, Issue 13
    • DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab5c7b

    Thermodynamic, Dynamic, and Transport Properties of Quantum Spin Liquid in Herbertsmithite from an Experimental and Theoretical Point of View
    journal, August 2019

    • Shaginyan, Vasily R.; Msezane, Alfred Z.; Amusia, Miron Ya.
    • Condensed Matter, Vol. 4, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.3390/condmat4030075

    Theory of quantum kagome ice and vison zero modes
    journal, February 2017

    Quantum spin liquids
    journal, January 2020

    Models and Materials for Generalized Kitaev Magnetism
    text, January 2017

    Emergent Chiral Spin State in the Mott Phase of a Bosonic Kane-Mele-Hubbard Model
    text, January 2017

    From Claringbullite to a new spin liquid candidate Cu$_3$Zn(OH)$_6$FCl
    text, January 2018

    Unifying Description of Competing Orders in Two Dimensional Quantum Magnets
    text, January 2018

    Field-induced pseudo-skyrmion phase in the antiferromagnetic kagome lattice
    text, January 2019

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