Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method
Abstract
We know that carbonyl compounds, present in bio-oils, are responsible for bio-oil property changes upon storage and during upgrading. Specifically, carbonyls cause an increase in viscosity (often referred to as 'aging') during storage of bio-oils. As such, carbonyl content has previously been used as a method of tracking bio-oil aging and condensation reactions with less variability than viscosity measurements. In addition, carbonyls are also responsible for coke formation in bio-oil upgrading processes. Given the importance of carbonyls in bio-oils, accurate analytical methods for their quantification are very important for the bio-oil community. Potentiometric titration methods based on carbonyl oximation have long been used for the determination of carbonyl content in pyrolysis bio-oils. Here, we present a modification of the traditional carbonyl oximation procedures that results in less reaction time, smaller sample size, higher precision, and more accurate carbonyl determinations. And while traditional carbonyl oximation methods occur at room temperature, the Faix method presented here occurs at an elevated temperature of 80 degrees C.
- Authors:
-
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1344170
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5100-66917
Journal ID: ISSN 1940-087X; jove
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Visualized Experiments
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 120; Journal Issue: 120; Journal ID: ISSN 1940-087X
- Publisher:
- MyJoVE Corp.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 09 BIOMASS FUELS; pyrolysis; bio-oil; analysis; analytical; carbonyl; titration
Citation Formats
Black, Stuart, and Ferrell, Jack R. Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.3791/55165.
Black, Stuart, & Ferrell, Jack R. Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method. United States. https://doi.org/10.3791/55165
Black, Stuart, and Ferrell, Jack R. Tue .
"Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method". United States. https://doi.org/10.3791/55165. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1344170.
@article{osti_1344170,
title = {Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method},
author = {Black, Stuart and Ferrell, Jack R.},
abstractNote = {We know that carbonyl compounds, present in bio-oils, are responsible for bio-oil property changes upon storage and during upgrading. Specifically, carbonyls cause an increase in viscosity (often referred to as 'aging') during storage of bio-oils. As such, carbonyl content has previously been used as a method of tracking bio-oil aging and condensation reactions with less variability than viscosity measurements. In addition, carbonyls are also responsible for coke formation in bio-oil upgrading processes. Given the importance of carbonyls in bio-oils, accurate analytical methods for their quantification are very important for the bio-oil community. Potentiometric titration methods based on carbonyl oximation have long been used for the determination of carbonyl content in pyrolysis bio-oils. Here, we present a modification of the traditional carbonyl oximation procedures that results in less reaction time, smaller sample size, higher precision, and more accurate carbonyl determinations. And while traditional carbonyl oximation methods occur at room temperature, the Faix method presented here occurs at an elevated temperature of 80 degrees C.},
doi = {10.3791/55165},
journal = {Journal of Visualized Experiments},
number = 120,
volume = 120,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Feb 07 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Tue Feb 07 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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