Controlled Shape Memory Behavior of a Smectic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer
Abstract
Here, we describe how a smectic main-chain liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE), with controlled shape memory behavior, is synthesized by polymerizing a biphenyl-based epoxy monomer with an aliphatic carboxylic acid curing agent. Microstructures of the LCEs, including their liquid crystallinity and cross-linking density, are modified by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of the reactants to tailor the thermomechanical properties and shape memory behavior of the material. Thermal and liquid crystalline properties of the LCEs, characterized using differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis, and structural analysis, performed using small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering, show that liquid crystallinity, cross-linking density, and network rigidity are strongly affected by the stoichiometry of the curing reaction. With appropriate structural modifications it is possible to tune the thermal, dynamic mechanical, and thermomechanical properties as well as the shape memory and thermal degradation behavior of LCEs.
- Authors:
-
- Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Deposition Sciences Group
- Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID (United States). Dept. of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Manufacturing Demonstration Facility (MDF); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Critical Materials Institute (CMI)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1324048
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; A-9550-12-1-0108
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Macromolecules
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 48; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0024-9297
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Li, Yuzhan, Pruitt, Cole, Rios, Orlando, Wei, Liqing, Rock, Mitch, Keum, Jong K., McDonald, Armando G., and Kessler, Michael R. Controlled Shape Memory Behavior of a Smectic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00519.
Li, Yuzhan, Pruitt, Cole, Rios, Orlando, Wei, Liqing, Rock, Mitch, Keum, Jong K., McDonald, Armando G., & Kessler, Michael R. Controlled Shape Memory Behavior of a Smectic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00519
Li, Yuzhan, Pruitt, Cole, Rios, Orlando, Wei, Liqing, Rock, Mitch, Keum, Jong K., McDonald, Armando G., and Kessler, Michael R. Fri .
"Controlled Shape Memory Behavior of a Smectic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00519. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1324048.
@article{osti_1324048,
title = {Controlled Shape Memory Behavior of a Smectic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer},
author = {Li, Yuzhan and Pruitt, Cole and Rios, Orlando and Wei, Liqing and Rock, Mitch and Keum, Jong K. and McDonald, Armando G. and Kessler, Michael R.},
abstractNote = {Here, we describe how a smectic main-chain liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE), with controlled shape memory behavior, is synthesized by polymerizing a biphenyl-based epoxy monomer with an aliphatic carboxylic acid curing agent. Microstructures of the LCEs, including their liquid crystallinity and cross-linking density, are modified by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of the reactants to tailor the thermomechanical properties and shape memory behavior of the material. Thermal and liquid crystalline properties of the LCEs, characterized using differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis, and structural analysis, performed using small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering, show that liquid crystallinity, cross-linking density, and network rigidity are strongly affected by the stoichiometry of the curing reaction. With appropriate structural modifications it is possible to tune the thermal, dynamic mechanical, and thermomechanical properties as well as the shape memory and thermal degradation behavior of LCEs.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00519},
journal = {Macromolecules},
number = 9,
volume = 48,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Fri Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 42 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Shape-Memory Polymers
journal, June 2002
- Lendlein, Andreas; Kelch, Steffen
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 41, Issue 12, p. 2034-2057
Multifunctional Shape-Memory Polymers
journal, June 2010
- Behl, Marc; Razzaq, Muhammad Yasar; Lendlein, Andreas
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 31
Recent advances in shape–memory polymers: Structure, mechanism, functionality, modeling and applications
journal, December 2012
- Hu, Jinlian; Zhu, Yong; Huang, Huahua
- Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 37, Issue 12
Liquid Crystal Elastomers with Mechanical Properties of a Muscle
journal, August 2001
- Thomsen, Donald L.; Keller, Patrick; Naciri, Jawad
- Macromolecules, Vol. 34, Issue 17
Directed bending of a polymer film by light
journal, September 2003
- Yu, Yanlei; Nakano, Makoto; Ikeda, Tomiki
- Nature, Vol. 425, Issue 6954
Opto-Mechanical Effect in Photoactive Nematic Side-Chain Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers: Opto-Mechanical Effect in Photoactive …
journal, March 2011
- Sánchez-Ferrer, Antoni; Merekalov, Alexey; Finkelmann, Heino
- Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 32, Issue 8
Photomobile Polymer Materials: Towards Light-Driven Plastic Motors
journal, June 2008
- Yamada, Munenori; Kondo, Mizuho; Mamiya, Jun-ichi
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 47, Issue 27
Photomobile polymer materials—various three-dimensional movements
journal, January 2009
- Yamada, Munenori; Kondo, Mizuho; Miyasato, Ryo
- J. Mater. Chem., Vol. 19, Issue 1
Liquid-Crystalline Elastomer-Nanoparticle Hybrids with Reversible Switch of Magnetic Memory
journal, January 2013
- Haberl, Johannes M.; Sánchez-Ferrer, Antoni; Mihut, Adriana M.
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 12
Magnetoactive liquid crystal elastomer nanocomposites
journal, January 2009
- Kaiser, Andreas; Winkler, Moritz; Krause, Simon
- J. Mater. Chem., Vol. 19, Issue 4
Liquid Crystalline Elastomers as Actuators and Sensors
journal, May 2010
- Ohm, Christian; Brehmer, Martin; Zentel, Rudolf
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 31
Anisotropic Colloidal Micromuscles from Liquid Crystal Elastomers
journal, December 2013
- Marshall, Jean E.; Gallagher, Sarah; Terentjev, Eugene M.
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 1
Micron-Sized Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators with Ultralarge Amplitude Contractions
journal, October 2009
- Yang, Hong; Buguin, Axel; Taulemesse, Jean-Marie
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 41
Mouldable liquid-crystalline elastomer actuators with exchangeable covalent bonds
journal, December 2013
- Pei, Zhiqiang; Yang, Yang; Chen, Qiaomei
- Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 1
Photomechanics of Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers and Other Polymers
journal, January 2007
- Ikeda, Tomiki; Mamiya, Jun-ichi; Yu, Yanlei
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 46, Issue 4
Printed artificial cilia from liquid-crystal network actuators modularly driven by light
journal, June 2009
- van Oosten, Casper L.; Bastiaansen, Cees W. M.; Broer, Dirk J.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 8
Effect of Cross-linking Density on Photoinduced Bending Behavior of Oriented Liquid-Crystalline Network Films Containing Azobenzene
journal, May 2004
- Yu, Yanlei; Nakano, Makoto; Shishido, Atsushi
- Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 9
Combined One-Way and Two-Way Shape Memory in a Glass-Forming Nematic Network
journal, January 2009
- Qin, Haihu; Mather, Patrick T.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 42, Issue 1
Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomers: Monomer and Cross-Linker Molecular Control of the Thermotropic and Elastic Properties
journal, May 2008
- Bispo, Miguel; Guillon, Daniel; Donnio, Bertrand
- Macromolecules, Vol. 41, Issue 9
Polydomain-Monodomain Orientational Process in Smectic-C Main-Chain Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers
journal, December 2010
- Sánchez-Ferrer, Antoni; Finkelmann, Heino
- Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 32, Issue 3
Elongation Behavior of a Main-Chain Smectic Liquid Crystalline Elastomer
journal, October 2008
- Ishige, Ryohei; Osada, Kensuke; Tagawa, Hirotaka
- Macromolecules, Vol. 41, Issue 20
A Continuous Flow Synthesis of Micrometer-Sized Actuators from Liquid Crystalline Elastomers
journal, July 2009
- Ohm, Christian; Serra, Christophe; Zentel, Rudolf
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 47
Photoswitchable Smectic Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers
journal, June 2005
- Beyer, Patrick; Zentel, Rudolf
- Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 26, Issue 11
Exploiting Microphase-Separated Morphologies of Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks for Triple Shape Memory Properties
journal, September 2011
- Ahn, Suk-kyun; Kasi, Rajeswari M.
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 23
Shape Memory Behavior of Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks Triggered by Dual Transition Temperatures
journal, August 2010
- Ahn, Suk-kyun; Deshmukh, Prashant; Kasi, Rajeswari M.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 43, Issue 17
Shape Memory Effect Exhibited by Smectic-C Liquid Crystalline Elastomers
journal, December 2003
- Rousseau, Ingrid A.; Mather, Patrick T.
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 125, Issue 50
Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks: Exploiting Nanoscale Smectic Polymorphism To Design Shape-Memory Polymers
journal, March 2011
- Ahn, Suk-kyun; Deshmukh, Prashant; Gopinadhan, Manesh
- ACS Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 4
Liquid crystalline epoxy resin based on biphenyl mesogen: Thermal characterization
journal, May 2013
- Li, Yuzhan; Badrinarayanan, Prashanth; Kessler, Michael R.
- Polymer, Vol. 54, Issue 12
Deformation of a Polydomain, Liquid Crystalline Epoxy-Based Thermoset
journal, June 1998
- Ortiz, C.; Kim, R.; Rodighiero, E.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 31, Issue 13
Works referencing / citing this record:
Thiol-acrylate main-chain liquid-crystalline elastomers with tunable thermomechanical properties and actuation strain
journal, October 2016
- Saed, Mohand O.; Torbati, Amir H.; Starr, Chelsea A.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 55, Issue 2
Synthesis and characterisation of biodegradable liquid crystal elastomer with the property of shape recovery
journal, March 2017
- Xu, Mingyao; Cong, Yuehua; Zhang, Baoyan
- Liquid Crystals, Vol. 44, Issue 11
Motion control in free-standing shape-memory actuators
journal, May 2018
- Belmonte, Alberto; Lama, Giuseppe C.; Cerruti, Pierfrancesco
- Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 27, Issue 7
Optically and thermally activated shape memory supramolecular liquid crystalline polymers
journal, January 2016
- Fu, Shangyi; Zhang, Hu; Zhao, Yue
- Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 4, Issue 22
Liquid crystal elastomer actuators: Synthesis, alignment, and applications
journal, January 2017
- Kularatne, Ruvini S.; Kim, Hyun; Boothby, Jennifer M.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 55, Issue 5