On capturing the grain-scale elastic and plastic anisotropy of alpha-Ti with spherical nanoindentation and electron back-scattered diffraction

Weaver, Jordan S.; Priddy, Matthew W.; McDowell, David L.; Kalidindi, Surya R.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.053

Title: On capturing the grain-scale elastic and plastic anisotropy of alpha-Ti with spherical nanoindentation and electron back-scattered diffraction

Abstract

Here, spherical nanoindentation combined with electron back-scattered diffraction has been employed to characterize the grain-scale elastic and plastic anisotropy of single crystal alpha-Ti of two different compositions (in two different titanium alloys). Data analyses protocols needed to reliably extract the desired properties of interest are extended and demonstrated in this paper. Specifically, the grain-scale mechanical response is extracted in the form of indentation stress-strain curves for commercially pure (CP-Ti) alpha-Ti and alloyed (Ti-64) titanium from measurements on polycrystalline samples. The results are compared with responses of single crystals and nanoindentation tests (hardness and modulus) from the literature, and the measured indentation moduli are validated using crystal-elastic finite element simulations. The results obtained in this study show that (i) it is possible to characterize reliably the elastic and plastic anisotropy of alpha-Ti (hcp) of varying alloying contents with spherical nanoindentation stress-strain curves, (ii) the indentation modulus of alpha-Ti-64 is 5–10% less than CP-Ti, and (iii) the indentation yield strength of alpha-Ti-64 is 50–80% higher than CP-Ti.

Authors:

Weaver, Jordan S. ^[1]; Priddy, Matthew W. ^[2]; McDowell, David L. ^[2]; Kalidindi, Surya R. ^[2]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1291295

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-16-22154
Journal ID: ISSN 1359-6454

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Acta Materialia

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 117; Journal ID: ISSN 1359-6454

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Material Science

Citation Formats


                    Weaver, Jordan S., Priddy, Matthew W., McDowell, David L., and Kalidindi, Surya R. On capturing the grain-scale elastic and plastic anisotropy of alpha-Ti with spherical nanoindentation and electron back-scattered diffraction.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.053.

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                    Weaver, Jordan S., Priddy, Matthew W., McDowell, David L., & Kalidindi, Surya R. On capturing the grain-scale elastic and plastic anisotropy of alpha-Ti with spherical nanoindentation and electron back-scattered diffraction.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.053

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                    Weaver, Jordan S., Priddy, Matthew W., McDowell, David L., and Kalidindi, Surya R. Thu .  
"On capturing the grain-scale elastic and plastic anisotropy of alpha-Ti with spherical nanoindentation and electron back-scattered diffraction".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.053.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1291295.

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@article{osti_1291295,

  title        = {On capturing the grain-scale elastic and plastic anisotropy of alpha-Ti with spherical nanoindentation and electron back-scattered diffraction},

  author       = {Weaver, Jordan S. and Priddy, Matthew W. and McDowell, David L. and Kalidindi, Surya R.},

  abstractNote = {Here, spherical nanoindentation combined with electron back-scattered diffraction has been employed to characterize the grain-scale elastic and plastic anisotropy of single crystal alpha-Ti of two different compositions (in two different titanium alloys). Data analyses protocols needed to reliably extract the desired properties of interest are extended and demonstrated in this paper. Specifically, the grain-scale mechanical response is extracted in the form of indentation stress-strain curves for commercially pure (CP-Ti) alpha-Ti and alloyed (Ti-64) titanium from measurements on polycrystalline samples. The results are compared with responses of single crystals and nanoindentation tests (hardness and modulus) from the literature, and the measured indentation moduli are validated using crystal-elastic finite element simulations. The results obtained in this study show that (i) it is possible to characterize reliably the elastic and plastic anisotropy of alpha-Ti (hcp) of varying alloying contents with spherical nanoindentation stress-strain curves, (ii) the indentation modulus of alpha-Ti-64 is 5–10% less than CP-Ti, and (iii) the indentation yield strength of alpha-Ti-64 is 50–80% higher than CP-Ti.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.053},

  journal      = {Acta Materialia},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 117,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Castillo, Andrew R.; Joseph, V. Roshan; Kalidindi, Surya R.
JOM, Vol. 71, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1007/s11837-019-03549-x

Probing Local Mechanical Properties in Polymer-Ceramic Hybrid Acetabular Sockets Using Spherical Indentation Stress-Strain Protocols
journal, June 2019

Kim, Hyung N.; Mandal, Sourav; Basu, Bikramjit
Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation, Vol. 8, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1007/s40192-019-00141-8

Probing nanoscale damage gradients in ion-irradiated metals using spherical nanoindentation
journal, September 2017

Pathak, Siddhartha; Kalidindi, Surya R.; Weaver, Jordan S.
Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12071-6

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Abstract

Citation Formats

A three-dimensional crystal plasticity model for duplex Ti–6Al–4V journal, September 2007

Cyclic plasticity experiments and polycrystal plasticity modeling of three distinct Ti alloy microstructures journal, February 2018

Modeling Anisotropic Stress-Strain Response and Crystallographic Texture Evolution in α-Titanium during Large Plastic Deformation using Taylor-Type Models: Influence of Initial Texture and Purity journal, September 2008

Prediction of crystallographic texture evolution and anisotropic stress–strain curves during large plastic strains in high purity α-titanium using a Taylor-type crystal plasticity model journal, January 2007

Elastic–plastic property closures for hexagonal close-packed polycrystalline metals using first-order bounding theories journal, May 2007

Deformation behavior of HCP Ti-Al alloy single crystals journal, March 2002

Basal slip of TiAl single crystals journal, May 1974

Plastic deformation of Ti-Al single crystals in prismatic slip journal, November 1974

Strong crystal size effect on deformation twinning journal, January 2010

SIZE EFFECT ON DEFORMATION MODE IN MICRON-SIZED Ti -5 Al SINGLE CRYSTAL LOADED ALONG $[2\,\overline 1 \,\overline 1 \,0]$ AND [0001] journal, June 2010

Size effects in strength and plasticity of single-crystalline titanium micropillars with prismatic slip orientation journal, September 2011

Local deformation mechanisms of two-phase Ti alloy journal, January 2016

Micro-cantilever testing of ⟨a⟩ prismatic slip in commercially pure Ti journal, March 2011

Anisotropy in the plastic flow properties of single-crystal α titanium determined from micro-cantilever beams journal, November 2009

FIB damage of Cu and possible consequences for miniaturized mechanical tests journal, June 2007

Nanoindentation studies of titanium single crystals journal, June 1999

The effect of crystal orientation on the indentation response of commercially pure titanium: experiments and simulations journal, November 2009

Orientation informed nanoindentation of α-titanium: Indentation pileup in hexagonal metals deforming by prismatic slip journal, December 2011

Determination of hardness and elastic modulus inverse pole figures of a polycrystalline commercially pure titanium by coupling nanoindentation and EBSD techniques journal, September 2014

Characterization of deformation anisotropies in an α-Ti alloy by nanoindentation and electron microscopy journal, August 2013

Direct observations and analyses of dislocation substructures in the α phase of an α/β Ti-alloy formed by nanoindentation journal, November 2005

Experiments and crystal plasticity finite element simulations of nanoindentation on Ti–6Al–4V alloy journal, February 2015

Material behavior of the hexagonal alpha phase of a titanium alloy identified from nanoindentation tests journal, May 2011

In-service materials support for safety critical applications – A case study of a high strength Ti-alloy using advanced experimental and modelling techniques journal, April 2014

Determination of elastic constants of generally anisotropic inclined lamellar structure using line-focus acoustic microscopy journal, December 2009

Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology journal, January 2004

Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: A law for strain gradient plasticity journal, March 1998

The correlation of the indentation size effect measured with indenters of various shapes journal, April 2002

A model of size effects in nano-indentation journal, August 2006

Determination of the effective zero-point and the extraction of spherical nanoindentation stress–strain curves journal, August 2008

Spherical nanoindentation stress–strain curves journal, May 2015

Measurement of the local mechanical properties in polycrystalline samples using spherical nanoindentation and orientation imaging microscopy journal, June 2009

Studying grain boundary regions in polycrystalline materials using spherical nano-indentation and orientation imaging microscopy journal, August 2011

Mechanical characterization of grain boundaries using nanoindentation journal, August 2014

Grain-scale measurement of slip resistances in aluminum polycrystals using spherical nanoindentation journal, May 2015

Critical evaluation of the indentation data analyses methods for the extraction of isotropic uniaxial mechanical properties using finite element models journal, May 2012

Extracting single-crystal elastic constants from polycrystalline samples using spherical nanoindentation and orientation measurements journal, October 2014

Corrosion behaviour of investment cast and friction stir processed Ti–6Al–4V journal, September 2010

Corrosion Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V with Different Thermomechanical Treatments and Microstructures journal, June 2010

Importance of surface preparation on the nano-indentation stress-strain curves measured in metals journal, March 2009

Continuous Stiffness Measurement During Instrumented Indentation Testing journal, January 2010

A review of nanoindentation continuous stiffness measurement technique and its applications journal, February 2002

Effect of the continuous stiffness measurement on the mechanical properties extracted using spherical nanoindentation journal, June 2013

Determination of plastic properties of metals by instrumented indentation using different sharp indenters journal, April 2003

Orientation dependence of nanoindentation pile-up patterns and of nanoindentation microtextures in copper single crystals journal, May 2004

Combined numerical simulation and nanoindentation for determining mechanical properties of single crystal copper at mesoscale journal, December 2005

Measuring the elastic properties of anisotropic materials by means of indentation experiments journal, August 1994

Indentation modulus of elastically anisotropic half spaces journal, May 1993

The indentation modulus of elastically anisotropic materials for indenters of arbitrary shape journal, September 2003

Multidimensional contact moduli of elastically anisotropic solids journal, July 2007

Indentation of elastically anisotropic half-spaces by cones and parabolae of revolution journal, February 2001

Hertzian contact of anisotropic bodies journal, May 1966

Understanding pop-ins in spherical nanoindentation journal, October 2014

A stochastic model for the size dependence of spherical indentation pop-in journal, September 2013

A different type of indentation size effect journal, November 2008

The plasticity of titanium at low and medium temperatures journal, May 1991

Texture analysis in hexagonal materials journal, July 2003

Strain hardening due to deformation twinning in α-titanium: Mechanisms journal, January 2006

Strain hardening due to deformation twinning in α-titanium: Constitutive relations and crystal-plasticity modeling journal, July 2005

Strain hardening of titanium: role of deformation twinning journal, August 2003

Indentation Schmid factor and orientation dependence of nanoindentation pop-in behavior of NiAl single crystals journal, June 2011

Modelling and prediction of mechanical properties for materials with hexagonal symmetry (zinc, titanium and zirconium alloys) journal, October 1997

Orientation dependent slip in polycrystalline titanium journal, September 1973

Investigations of orientation and length scale effects on micromechanical responses in polycrystalline zirconium using spherical nanoindentation journal, March 2016

Mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of a commercially pure titanium journal, October 1999

Sensitivity of deformation twinning to grain size in titanium and magnesium journal, December 2011

Role of twinning in the hardening response of zirconium during temperature reloads journal, June 2006

Anomalous Basal Slip Activity in Zirconium under High-strain Deformation journal, September 2013

The effect of grain size on yield stress and work hardening of polycrystalline titanium at 295 K and 575 K journal, May 1978

Influence of grain size and stacking-fault energy on deformation twinning in fcc metals journal, May 1999

Calculation of bulk modulus of titanium alloys by first principles electronic structure theory journal, January 1999

The effect of dopant incorporation on the elastic properties of Ti metal journal, December 2014

On the uniqueness of measuring elastoplastic properties from indentation: The indistinguishable mystical materials journal, August 2007

Crystal plasticity simulations using discrete Fourier transforms journal, April 2009

Spectral calibration of crystal plasticity models journal, April 2006

Crystal plasticity finite element simulations using a database of discrete Fourier transforms journal, March 2015

New Insights into the Microstructural Changes During the Processing of Dual-Phase Steels from Multiresolution Spherical Indentation Stress–Strain Protocols journal, December 2019

A three-dimensional crystal plasticity model for duplex Ti–6Al–4V
journal, September 2007

Cyclic plasticity experiments and polycrystal plasticity modeling of three distinct Ti alloy microstructures
journal, February 2018

Modeling Anisotropic Stress-Strain Response and Crystallographic Texture Evolution in α-Titanium during Large Plastic Deformation using Taylor-Type Models: Influence of Initial Texture and Purity
journal, September 2008

Prediction of crystallographic texture evolution and anisotropic stress–strain curves during large plastic strains in high purity α-titanium using a Taylor-type crystal plasticity model
journal, January 2007

Elastic–plastic property closures for hexagonal close-packed polycrystalline metals using first-order bounding theories
journal, May 2007

Deformation behavior of HCP Ti-Al alloy single crystals
journal, March 2002

Basal slip of TiAl single crystals
journal, May 1974

Plastic deformation of Ti-Al single crystals in prismatic slip
journal, November 1974

Strong crystal size effect on deformation twinning
journal, January 2010

SIZE EFFECT ON DEFORMATION MODE IN MICRON-SIZED Ti -5 Al SINGLE CRYSTAL LOADED ALONG $[2\,\overline 1 \,\overline 1 \,0]$ AND [0001]
journal, June 2010

Size effects in strength and plasticity of single-crystalline titanium micropillars with prismatic slip orientation
journal, September 2011

Local deformation mechanisms of two-phase Ti alloy
journal, January 2016

Micro-cantilever testing of ⟨a⟩ prismatic slip in commercially pure Ti
journal, March 2011

Anisotropy in the plastic flow properties of single-crystal α titanium determined from micro-cantilever beams
journal, November 2009

FIB damage of Cu and possible consequences for miniaturized mechanical tests
journal, June 2007

Nanoindentation studies of titanium single crystals
journal, June 1999

The effect of crystal orientation on the indentation response of commercially pure titanium: experiments and simulations
journal, November 2009

Orientation informed nanoindentation of α-titanium: Indentation pileup in hexagonal metals deforming by prismatic slip
journal, December 2011

Determination of hardness and elastic modulus inverse pole figures of a polycrystalline commercially pure titanium by coupling nanoindentation and EBSD techniques
journal, September 2014

Characterization of deformation anisotropies in an α-Ti alloy by nanoindentation and electron microscopy
journal, August 2013

Direct observations and analyses of dislocation substructures in the α phase of an α/β Ti-alloy formed by nanoindentation
journal, November 2005

Experiments and crystal plasticity finite element simulations of nanoindentation on Ti–6Al–4V alloy
journal, February 2015

Material behavior of the hexagonal alpha phase of a titanium alloy identified from nanoindentation tests
journal, May 2011

In-service materials support for safety critical applications – A case study of a high strength Ti-alloy using advanced experimental and modelling techniques
journal, April 2014

Determination of elastic constants of generally anisotropic inclined lamellar structure using line-focus acoustic microscopy
journal, December 2009

Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology
journal, January 2004

Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: A law for strain gradient plasticity
journal, March 1998

The correlation of the indentation size effect measured with indenters of various shapes
journal, April 2002

A model of size effects in nano-indentation
journal, August 2006

Determination of the effective zero-point and the extraction of spherical nanoindentation stress–strain curves
journal, August 2008

Spherical nanoindentation stress–strain curves
journal, May 2015

Measurement of the local mechanical properties in polycrystalline samples using spherical nanoindentation and orientation imaging microscopy
journal, June 2009

Studying grain boundary regions in polycrystalline materials using spherical nano-indentation and orientation imaging microscopy
journal, August 2011

Mechanical characterization of grain boundaries using nanoindentation
journal, August 2014

Grain-scale measurement of slip resistances in aluminum polycrystals using spherical nanoindentation
journal, May 2015

Critical evaluation of the indentation data analyses methods for the extraction of isotropic uniaxial mechanical properties using finite element models
journal, May 2012

Extracting single-crystal elastic constants from polycrystalline samples using spherical nanoindentation and orientation measurements
journal, October 2014

Corrosion behaviour of investment cast and friction stir processed Ti–6Al–4V
journal, September 2010

Corrosion Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V with Different Thermomechanical Treatments and Microstructures
journal, June 2010

Importance of surface preparation on the nano-indentation stress-strain curves measured in metals
journal, March 2009

Continuous Stiffness Measurement During Instrumented Indentation Testing
journal, January 2010

A review of nanoindentation continuous stiffness measurement technique and its applications
journal, February 2002

Effect of the continuous stiffness measurement on the mechanical properties extracted using spherical nanoindentation
journal, June 2013

Determination of plastic properties of metals by instrumented indentation using different sharp indenters
journal, April 2003

Orientation dependence of nanoindentation pile-up patterns and of nanoindentation microtextures in copper single crystals
journal, May 2004

Combined numerical simulation and nanoindentation for determining mechanical properties of single crystal copper at mesoscale
journal, December 2005

Measuring the elastic properties of anisotropic materials by means of indentation experiments
journal, August 1994

Indentation modulus of elastically anisotropic half spaces
journal, May 1993

The indentation modulus of elastically anisotropic materials for indenters of arbitrary shape
journal, September 2003

Multidimensional contact moduli of elastically anisotropic solids
journal, July 2007

Indentation of elastically anisotropic half-spaces by cones and parabolae of revolution
journal, February 2001

Hertzian contact of anisotropic bodies
journal, May 1966

Understanding pop-ins in spherical nanoindentation
journal, October 2014

A stochastic model for the size dependence of spherical indentation pop-in
journal, September 2013

A different type of indentation size effect
journal, November 2008

The plasticity of titanium at low and medium temperatures
journal, May 1991

Texture analysis in hexagonal materials
journal, July 2003

Strain hardening due to deformation twinning in α-titanium: Mechanisms
journal, January 2006

Strain hardening due to deformation twinning in α-titanium: Constitutive relations and crystal-plasticity modeling
journal, July 2005

Strain hardening of titanium: role of deformation twinning
journal, August 2003

Indentation Schmid factor and orientation dependence of nanoindentation pop-in behavior of NiAl single crystals
journal, June 2011

Modelling and prediction of mechanical properties for materials with hexagonal symmetry (zinc, titanium and zirconium alloys)
journal, October 1997

Orientation dependent slip in polycrystalline titanium
journal, September 1973

Investigations of orientation and length scale effects on micromechanical responses in polycrystalline zirconium using spherical nanoindentation
journal, March 2016

Mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of a commercially pure titanium
journal, October 1999

Sensitivity of deformation twinning to grain size in titanium and magnesium
journal, December 2011

Role of twinning in the hardening response of zirconium during temperature reloads
journal, June 2006

Anomalous Basal Slip Activity in Zirconium under High-strain Deformation
journal, September 2013

The effect of grain size on yield stress and work hardening of polycrystalline titanium at 295 K and 575 K
journal, May 1978

Influence of grain size and stacking-fault energy on deformation twinning in fcc metals
journal, May 1999

Calculation of bulk modulus of titanium alloys by first principles electronic structure theory
journal, January 1999

The effect of dopant incorporation on the elastic properties of Ti metal
journal, December 2014

On the uniqueness of measuring elastoplastic properties from indentation: The indistinguishable mystical materials
journal, August 2007

Crystal plasticity simulations using discrete Fourier transforms
journal, April 2009

Spectral calibration of crystal plasticity models
journal, April 2006

Crystal plasticity finite element simulations using a database of discrete Fourier transforms
journal, March 2015

New Insights into the Microstructural Changes During the Processing of Dual-Phase Steels from Multiresolution Spherical Indentation Stress–Strain Protocols
journal, December 2019

Micromechanical properties of single crystals and polycrystals of pure α-titanium: anisotropy of microhardness, size effect, effect of the temperature (77–300 K)
journal, January 2018

Data Infrastructure Elements in Support of Accelerated Materials Innovation: ELA, PyMKS, and MATIN
journal, October 2019

Spherical nanoindentation stress-strain curves of commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V
dataset,