Rapid estimation of sugar release from winter wheat straw during bioethanol production using FTIR-photoacoustic spectroscopy
Abstract
Complexity and high cost are the main limitations for high-throughput screening methods for the estimation of the sugar release from plant materials during bioethanol production. In addition, it is important that we improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which different chemical components are affecting the degradability of plant material. In this study, Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS) was combined with advanced chemometrics to develop calibration models predicting the amount of sugars released after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw during bioethanol production, and the spectra were analysed to identify components associated with recalcitrance. A total of 1122 wheat straw samples from nine different locations in Denmark and one location in the United Kingdom, spanning a large variation in genetic material and environmental conditions during growth, were analysed. The FTIR-PAS spectra of non-pretreated wheat straw were correlated with the measured sugar release, determined by a high-throughput pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis (HTPH) assay. A partial least square regression (PLSR) calibration model predicting the glucose and xylose release was developed. The interpretation of the regression coefficients revealed a positive correlation between the released glucose and xylose with easily hydrolysable compounds, such as amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose. Additionally, a negative correlationmore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). Dept.of Plant and Environmental Sciences
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1259666
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1405912
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-2700-70389
Journal ID: ISSN 1754-6834; PII: 267
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308; 2117-05-0064
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Biotechnology for Biofuels
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1754-6834
- Publisher:
- BioMed Central
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 09 BIOMASS FUELS; Bioethanol production; FTIR-photoacoustic spectroscopy; Sugar release; Prediction; High-throughput assay; Pretreatment; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Advanced chemometrics; bioethanol production; sugar release; prediction; high-throughput assay; pretreatment; enzymatic hydrolysis; advanced chemometrics
Citation Formats
Bekiaris, Georgios, Lindedam, Jane, Peltre, Clément, Decker, Stephen R., Turner, Geoffrey B., Magid, Jakob, and Bruun, Sander. Rapid estimation of sugar release from winter wheat straw during bioethanol production using FTIR-photoacoustic spectroscopy. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1186/s13068-015-0267-2.
Bekiaris, Georgios, Lindedam, Jane, Peltre, Clément, Decker, Stephen R., Turner, Geoffrey B., Magid, Jakob, & Bruun, Sander. Rapid estimation of sugar release from winter wheat straw during bioethanol production using FTIR-photoacoustic spectroscopy. United States. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-015-0267-2
Bekiaris, Georgios, Lindedam, Jane, Peltre, Clément, Decker, Stephen R., Turner, Geoffrey B., Magid, Jakob, and Bruun, Sander. Thu .
"Rapid estimation of sugar release from winter wheat straw during bioethanol production using FTIR-photoacoustic spectroscopy". United States. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-015-0267-2. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1259666.
@article{osti_1259666,
title = {Rapid estimation of sugar release from winter wheat straw during bioethanol production using FTIR-photoacoustic spectroscopy},
author = {Bekiaris, Georgios and Lindedam, Jane and Peltre, Clément and Decker, Stephen R. and Turner, Geoffrey B. and Magid, Jakob and Bruun, Sander},
abstractNote = {Complexity and high cost are the main limitations for high-throughput screening methods for the estimation of the sugar release from plant materials during bioethanol production. In addition, it is important that we improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which different chemical components are affecting the degradability of plant material. In this study, Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS) was combined with advanced chemometrics to develop calibration models predicting the amount of sugars released after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw during bioethanol production, and the spectra were analysed to identify components associated with recalcitrance. A total of 1122 wheat straw samples from nine different locations in Denmark and one location in the United Kingdom, spanning a large variation in genetic material and environmental conditions during growth, were analysed. The FTIR-PAS spectra of non-pretreated wheat straw were correlated with the measured sugar release, determined by a high-throughput pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis (HTPH) assay. A partial least square regression (PLSR) calibration model predicting the glucose and xylose release was developed. The interpretation of the regression coefficients revealed a positive correlation between the released glucose and xylose with easily hydrolysable compounds, such as amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose. Additionally, a negative correlation with crystalline cellulose and lignin, which inhibits cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolysis, was observed. FTIR-PAS was used as a reliable method for the rapid estimation of sugar release during bioethanol production. The spectra revealed that lignin inhibited the hydrolysis of polysaccharides into monomers, while the crystallinity of cellulose retarded its hydrolysis into glucose. Amorphous cellulose and xylans were found to contribute significantly to the released amounts of glucose and xylose, respectively.},
doi = {10.1186/s13068-015-0267-2},
journal = {Biotechnology for Biofuels},
number = 1,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jun 18 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Thu Jun 18 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
A holistic high-throughput screening framework for biofuel feedstock assessment that characterises variations in soluble sugars and cell wall composition in Sorghum bicolor
journal, January 2013
- Martin, Antony P.; Palmer, William M.; Byrt, Caitlin S.
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Predicting Digestibility of Ammonia Fiber Explosion (AFEX)-Treated Rice Straw
journal, January 2002
- Gollapalli, Lisa E.; Dale, Bruce E.; Rivers, Douglas M.
- Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 98-100, Issue 1-9
Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview
journal, April 2002
- Pérez, J.; Muñoz-Dorado, J.; de la Rubia, T.
- International Microbiology, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Evaluation of high throughput screening methods in picking up differences between cultivars of lignocellulosic biomass for ethanol production
journal, July 2014
- Lindedam, Jane; Bruun, Sander; Jørgensen, Henning
- Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 66
Utilisation of biomass for the supply of energy carriers
journal, November 1999
- Claassen, P. A. M.; van Lier, J. B.; Lopez Contreras, A. M.
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 52, Issue 6
Infrared spectra of crystalline polysaccharides. II. Native celluloses in the region from 640 to 1700 cm.1
journal, September 1959
- Liang, C. Y.; Marchessault, R. H.
- Journal of Polymer Science, Vol. 39, Issue 135
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of wood samples by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
journal, October 2010
- Chen, Huilun; Ferrari, Carlo; Angiuli, Marco
- Carbohydrate Polymers, Vol. 82, Issue 3
Bioethanol production from agricultural wastes: An overview
journal, January 2012
- Sarkar, Nibedita; Ghosh, Sumanta Kumar; Bannerjee, Satarupa
- Renewable Energy, Vol. 37, Issue 1
Rapid Characterization of Woody Biomass Digestibility and Chemical Composition Using Near-infrared SpectroscopyFree Access
journal, November 2010
- Hou, Shen; Li, Laigeng
- Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Vol. 53, Issue 2
Biomass monitoring using the photoacoustic effect
journal, August 1998
- Schmidt, Kai; Beckmann, Dieter
- Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Vol. 51, Issue 1-3
Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass
journal, July 2011
- Yang, Bin; Dai, Ziyu; Ding, Shi-You
- Biofuels, Vol. 2, Issue 4
Prediction of the degradability and ash content of wheat straw from different cultivars using near infrared spectroscopy
journal, March 2010
- Bruun, Sander; Jensen, Jacob Wagner; Magid, Jakob
- Industrial Crops and Products, Vol. 31, Issue 2
Fourier Transform Infrared Quantitative Analysis of Sugars and Lignin in Pretreated Softwood Solid Residues
journal, January 2001
- Tucker, Melvin P.; Nguyen, Quang A.; Eddy, Fannie P.
- Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 91-93, Issue 1-9
Rapid Biomass Analysis: New Tools for Compositional Analysis of Corn Stover Feedstocks and Process Intermediates from Ethanol Production
journal, January 2003
- Hames, Bonnie R.; Thomas, Steven R.; Sluiter, Amie D.
- Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 105, Issue 1-3
ORIGINAL RESEARCH: Lignocellulose recalcitrance screening by integrated high-throughput hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification
journal, April 2010
- Selig, Michael J.; Tucker, Melvin P.; Sykes, Robert W.
- Industrial Biotechnology, Vol. 6, Issue 2
Cell wall structural changes in wheat straw pretreated for bioethanol production
journal, January 2008
- Kristensen, Jan B.; Thygesen, Lisbeth G.; Felby, Claus
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 1, Issue 1
High-Throughput NIR Analysis of Biomass Pretreatment Streams
book, April 2013
- Hames, Bonnie R.
- Aqueous Pretreatment of Plant Biomass for Biological and Chemical Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals
FTIR studies of the changes in wood chemistry following decay by brown-rot and white-rot fungi
journal, October 2003
- Pandey, K. K.; Pitman, A. J.
- International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, Vol. 52, Issue 3
Nitrogen fertilization affects silicon concentration, cell wall composition and biofuel potential of wheat straw
journal, May 2014
- Murozuka, Emiko; Laursen, Kristian H.; Lindedam, Jane
- Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 64
Engineering of a high-throughput screening system to identify cellulosic biomass, pretreatments, and enzyme formulations that enhance sugar release
text, January 2010
- Studer, Michael Hans-Peter; DeMartini, Jaclyn D.; Brethauer Studer, Simone
- John Wiley & Sons
Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibrils from wheat straw using steam explosion coupled with high shear homogenization
journal, January 2011
- Kaushik, Anupama; Singh, Mandeep
- Carbohydrate Research, Vol. 346, Issue 1
Molecular Biology of Cellulose Degradation
journal, October 1990
- Beguin, Pierre
- Annual Review of Microbiology, Vol. 44, Issue 1
Infrared Spectroscopy as Alternative to Wet Chemical Analysis to Characterize Eucalyptus globulus Pulps and Predict Their Ethanol Yield for a Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Process
journal, October 2012
- Castillo, Rosario del P.; Baeza, Jaime; Rubilar, Joselyn
- Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 168, Issue 7
Trends in biotechnological production of fuel ethanol from different feedstocks
journal, September 2008
- Sánchez, Óscar J.; Cardona, Carlos A.
- Bioresource Technology, Vol. 99, Issue 13
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lignocellulosic biomass using infrared techniques: A mini-review
journal, April 2013
- Xu, Feng; Yu, Jianming; Tesso, Tesfaye
- Applied Energy, Vol. 104
Using FTIR to predict saccharification from enzymatic hydrolysis of alkali-pretreated biomasses
journal, September 2011
- Sills, Deborah L.; Gossett, James M.
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 109, Issue 2
Near Infrared Spectroscopy as a Screening Tool for Sugar Release and Chemical Composition of Wheat Straw
journal, December 2010
- Lindedam, J.; Bruun, S.; DeMartini, J.
- Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy, Vol. 4, Issue 4
Rapid Determination of Carbohydrates, Ash, and Extractives Contents of Straw Using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy
journal, June 2011
- Tamaki, Yukihiro; Mazza, Giuseppe
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 59, Issue 12
The infrared spectra of crystalline polysaccharides. VIII. Xylans
journal, June 1962
- Marchessault, R. H.; Liang, C. Y.
- Journal of Polymer Science, Vol. 59, Issue 168
Characterization of Cellulose by Deconvoluting the OH Valency Range in FTIR Spectra
journal, January 1992
- Fengel, Dietrich
- Holzforschung, Vol. 46, Issue 4
Fourier Transform Infrared Quantitative Analysis of Sugars and Lignin in Pretreated Softwood Solid Residues
book, January 2001
- Tucker, Melvin P.; Nguyen, Quang A.; Eddy, Fannie P.
- Twenty-Second Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals
Engineering of a high-throughput screening system to identify cellulosic biomass, pretreatments, and enzyme formulations that enhance sugar release
journal, February 2010
- Studer, Michael H.; DeMartini, Jaclyn D.; Brethauer, Simone
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 105, Issue 2, p. 231-238
Modified Jack-knife estimation of parameter uncertainty in bilinear modelling by partial least squares regression (PLSR)
journal, January 2000
- Martens, Harald; Martens, Magni
- Food Quality and Preference, Vol. 11, Issue 1-2
Enzymatic transformations of cellulose assessed by quantitative high-throughput fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (QHT-FTIR)
journal, March 2011
- Corgié, Stéphane C.; Smith, Hanna M.; Walker, Larry P.
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 108, Issue 7
Hydrogen Bonding in Lignin: A Fourier Transform Infrared Model Compound Study
journal, September 2005
- Kubo, Satoshi; Kadla, John F.
- Biomacromolecules, Vol. 6, Issue 5
Environmental and Sustainability Factors Associated With Next-Generation Biofuels in the U.S.: What Do We Really Know?
journal, July 2009
- Williams, Pamela R. D.; Inman, Daniel; Aden, Andy
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 43, Issue 13
Global potential bioethanol production from wasted crops and crop residues
journal, April 2004
- Kim, Seungdo; Dale, Bruce E.
- Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 26, Issue 4, p. 361-375
Cultivar variation and selection potential relevant to the production of cellulosic ethanol from wheat straw
journal, February 2012
- Lindedam, J.; Andersen, S. B.; DeMartini, J.
- Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 37
High-Throughput Screening Techniques for Biomass Conversion
journal, October 2009
- Decker, Stephen R.; Brunecky, Roman; Tucker, Melvin P.
- BioEnergy Research, Vol. 2, Issue 4
Smoothing and Differentiation of Data by Simplified Least Squares Procedures.
journal, July 1964
- Savitzky, Abraham.; Golay, M. J. E.
- Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 8
Characterization of chemically modified wood fibers using FTIR spectroscopy for biocomposites
journal, January 2010
- Gwon, Jae Gyoung; Lee, Sun Young; Doh, Geum Hyun
- Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Engineering of a high-throughput screening system to identify cellulosic biomass, pretreatments, and enzyme formulations that enhance sugar release
journal, February 2010
- Studer, Michael H.; DeMartini, Jaclyn D.; Brethauer, Simone
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 105, Issue 2, p. 231-238
Enzymatic transformations of cellulose assessed by quantitative high-throughput fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (QHT-FTIR)
journal, March 2011
- Corgié, Stéphane C.; Smith, Hanna M.; Walker, Larry P.
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 108, Issue 7
Using FTIR to predict saccharification from enzymatic hydrolysis of alkali-pretreated biomasses
journal, September 2011
- Sills, Deborah L.; Gossett, James M.
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 109, Issue 2
Fourier Transform Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS)
book, January 2018
- Kizil, Ramazan; Irudayaraj, Joseph
- Encyclopedia of Biophysics
Utilisation of biomass for the supply of energy carriers
journal, November 1999
- Claassen, P. A. M.; van Lier, J. B.; Lopez Contreras, A. M.
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 52, Issue 6
Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview
journal, April 2002
- Pérez, J.; Muñoz-Dorado, J.; de la Rubia, T.
- International Microbiology, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Infrared Spectroscopy as Alternative to Wet Chemical Analysis to Characterize Eucalyptus globulus Pulps and Predict Their Ethanol Yield for a Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Process
journal, October 2012
- Castillo, Rosario del P.; Baeza, Jaime; Rubilar, Joselyn
- Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 168, Issue 7
High-Throughput Screening Techniques for Biomass Conversion
journal, October 2009
- Decker, Stephen R.; Brunecky, Roman; Tucker, Melvin P.
- BioEnergy Research, Vol. 2, Issue 4
Cultivar variation and selection potential relevant to the production of cellulosic ethanol from wheat straw
journal, February 2012
- Lindedam, J.; Andersen, S. B.; DeMartini, J.
- Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 37
Nitrogen fertilization affects silicon concentration, cell wall composition and biofuel potential of wheat straw
journal, May 2014
- Murozuka, Emiko; Laursen, Kristian H.; Lindedam, Jane
- Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 64
Trends in biotechnological production of fuel ethanol from different feedstocks
journal, September 2008
- Sánchez, Óscar J.; Cardona, Carlos A.
- Bioresource Technology, Vol. 99, Issue 13
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of wood samples by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
journal, October 2010
- Chen, Huilun; Ferrari, Carlo; Angiuli, Marco
- Carbohydrate Polymers, Vol. 82, Issue 3
Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibrils from wheat straw using steam explosion coupled with high shear homogenization
journal, January 2011
- Kaushik, Anupama; Singh, Mandeep
- Carbohydrate Research, Vol. 346, Issue 1
Prediction of the degradability and ash content of wheat straw from different cultivars using near infrared spectroscopy
journal, March 2010
- Bruun, Sander; Jensen, Jacob Wagner; Magid, Jakob
- Industrial Crops and Products, Vol. 31, Issue 2
Hydrogen Bonding in Lignin: A Fourier Transform Infrared Model Compound Study
journal, September 2005
- Kubo, Satoshi; Kadla, John F.
- Biomacromolecules, Vol. 6, Issue 5
Environmental and Sustainability Factors Associated With Next-Generation Biofuels in the U.S.: What Do We Really Know?
journal, July 2009
- Williams, Pamela R. D.; Inman, Daniel; Aden, Andy
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 43, Issue 13
Rapid Determination of Carbohydrates, Ash, and Extractives Contents of Straw Using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy
journal, June 2011
- Tamaki, Yukihiro; Mazza, Giuseppe
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 59, Issue 12
Differential mechanisms underlie trace and delay conditioning in Drosophila
journal, February 2022
- Grover, Dhruv; Chen, Jen-Yung; Xie, Jiayun
- Nature, Vol. 603, Issue 7900
ORIGINAL RESEARCH: Lignocellulose recalcitrance screening by integrated high-throughput hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification
journal, April 2010
- Selig, Michael J.; Tucker, Melvin P.; Sykes, Robert W.
- Industrial Biotechnology, Vol. 6, Issue 2
Rapid Characterization of Woody Biomass Digestibility and Chemical Composition Using Near-infrared SpectroscopyFree Access
journal, November 2010
- Hou, Shen; Li, Laigeng
- Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Vol. 53, Issue 2
Molecular Biology of Cellulose Degradation
journal, October 1990
- Beguin, Pierre
- Annual Review of Microbiology, Vol. 44, Issue 1
Near Infrared Spectroscopy as a Screening Tool for Sugar Release and Chemical Composition of Wheat Straw
journal, December 2010
- Lindedam, J.; Bruun, S.; DeMartini, J.
- Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy, Vol. 4, Issue 4
Cell wall structural changes in wheat straw pretreated for bioethanol production
journal, January 2008
- Kristensen, Jan B.; Thygesen, Lisbeth G.; Felby, Claus
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 1, Issue 1
A holistic high-throughput screening framework for biofuel feedstock assessment that characterises variations in soluble sugars and cell wall composition in Sorghum bicolor
journal, January 2013
- Martin, Antony P.; Palmer, William M.; Byrt, Caitlin S.
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass
journal, July 2011
- Yang, Bin; Dai, Ziyu; Ding, Shi-You
- Biofuels, Vol. 2, Issue 4
Works referencing / citing this record:
High-Throughput Phenotyping of Bioethanol Potential in Cereals Using UAV-Based Multi-Spectral Imagery
journal, July 2019
- Ostos-Garrido, Francisco J.; de Castro, Ana I.; Torres-Sánchez, Jorge
- Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 10
Synchrotron FTIR and Raman spectroscopy provide unique spectral fingerprints for Arabidopsis floral stem vascular tissues
journal, November 2018
- Dinant, S.; Wolff, N.; De Marco, F.
- Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 70, Issue 3
Lessons learned from the treatment of organosolv pulp with ligninolytic enzymes and chemical delignification agents
journal, November 2017
- García-Torreiro, María; Lú-Chau, Thelmo A.; Gullón, Beatriz
- Cellulose, Vol. 25, Issue 1
Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis
journal, December 2019
- Zoghlami, Aya; Paës, Gabriel
- Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol. 7
Determination of optimal biomass pretreatment strategies for biofuel production: investigation of relationships between surface-exposed polysaccharides and their enzymatic conversion using carbohydrate-binding modules
journal, May 2018
- Khatri, Vinay; Meddeb-Mouelhi, Fatma; Adjallé, Kokou
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Variation across a wheat genetic diversity panel for saccharification of hydrothermally pretreated straw
journal, October 2017
- Collins, Samuel R. A.; Wilson, David R.; Moates, Graham K.
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Seeing biomass recalcitrance through fluorescence
journal, August 2017
- Auxenfans, Thomas; Terryn, Christine; Paës, Gabriel
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Variation across a wheat genetic diversity panel for saccharification of hydrothermally pretreated straw
journal, October 2017
- Collins, Samuel R. A.; Wilson, David R.; Moates, Graham K.
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Determination of optimal biomass pretreatment strategies for biofuel production: investigation of relationships between surface-exposed polysaccharides and their enzymatic conversion using carbohydrate-binding modules
journal, May 2018
- Khatri, Vinay; Meddeb-Mouelhi, Fatma; Adjallé, Kokou
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis
journal, December 2019
- Zoghlami, Aya; Paës, Gabriel
- Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol. 7
Association Mapping in Scandinavian Winter Wheat for Yield, Plant Height, and Traits Important for Second-Generation Bioethanol Production
journal, November 2015
- Bellucci, Andrea; Torp, Anna Maria; Bruun, Sander
- Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 6