One-dimensional cold cap model for melters with bubblers
Abstract
The rate of glass production during vitrification in an all-electrical melter greatly impacts the cost and schedule of nuclear waste treatment and immobilization. The feed is charged to the melter on the top of the molten glass, where it forms a layer of reacting and melting material, called the cold cap. During the final stages of the batch-to-glass conversion process, gases evolved from reactions produce primary foam, the growth and collapse of which controls the glass production rate. The mathematical model of the cold cap was revised to include functional representation of primary foam behavior and to account for the dry cold cap surface. The melting rate is computed as a response to the dependence of the primary foam collapse temperature on the heating rate and melter operating conditions, including the effect of bubbling on the cold cap bottom and top surface temperatures. The simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data from laboratory-scale and pilot-scale melter studies. Lastly, the cold cap model will become part of the full three-dimensional mathematical model of the waste glass melter.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague (Czech Republic)
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- U.S. Dept. of Energy, Richland, WA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1259504
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1401148
- Report Number(s):
- INL/JOU-15-34746
Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7820
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC07-05ID14517
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 98; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7820
- Publisher:
- American Ceramic Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES
Citation Formats
Pokorny, Richard, Hilliard, Zachary J., Dixon, Derek R., Schweiger, Michael J., Guillen, Donna P., Kruger, Albert A., and Hrma, Pavel. One-dimensional cold cap model for melters with bubblers. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1111/jace.13775.
Pokorny, Richard, Hilliard, Zachary J., Dixon, Derek R., Schweiger, Michael J., Guillen, Donna P., Kruger, Albert A., & Hrma, Pavel. One-dimensional cold cap model for melters with bubblers. United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13775
Pokorny, Richard, Hilliard, Zachary J., Dixon, Derek R., Schweiger, Michael J., Guillen, Donna P., Kruger, Albert A., and Hrma, Pavel. Tue .
"One-dimensional cold cap model for melters with bubblers". United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13775. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1259504.
@article{osti_1259504,
title = {One-dimensional cold cap model for melters with bubblers},
author = {Pokorny, Richard and Hilliard, Zachary J. and Dixon, Derek R. and Schweiger, Michael J. and Guillen, Donna P. and Kruger, Albert A. and Hrma, Pavel},
abstractNote = {The rate of glass production during vitrification in an all-electrical melter greatly impacts the cost and schedule of nuclear waste treatment and immobilization. The feed is charged to the melter on the top of the molten glass, where it forms a layer of reacting and melting material, called the cold cap. During the final stages of the batch-to-glass conversion process, gases evolved from reactions produce primary foam, the growth and collapse of which controls the glass production rate. The mathematical model of the cold cap was revised to include functional representation of primary foam behavior and to account for the dry cold cap surface. The melting rate is computed as a response to the dependence of the primary foam collapse temperature on the heating rate and melter operating conditions, including the effect of bubbling on the cold cap bottom and top surface temperatures. The simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data from laboratory-scale and pilot-scale melter studies. Lastly, the cold cap model will become part of the full three-dimensional mathematical model of the waste glass melter.},
doi = {10.1111/jace.13775},
journal = {Journal of the American Ceramic Society},
number = 10,
volume = 98,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jul 28 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Jul 28 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Foaming during nuclear waste melter feeds conversion to glass: Application of evolved gas analysis
journal, April 2018
- Hujova, Miroslava; Pokorny, Richard; Klouzek, Jaroslav
- International Journal of Applied Glass Science, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Heat transfer from glass melt to cold cap: Effect of heating rate
journal, February 2019
- Lee, Seung Min; Hrma, Pavel; Pokorny, Richard
- International Journal of Applied Glass Science, Vol. 10, Issue 3
Rheology of simulated radioactive waste slurry and cold cap during vitrification
journal, June 2018
- McCarthy, Benjamin P.; George, Jaime L.; Dixon, Derek R.
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 101, Issue 11
Glass production rate in electric furnaces for radioactive waste vitrification
journal, April 2019
- Lee, SeungMin; Hrma, Pavel; Pokorny, Richard
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 102, Issue 10
Heat transfer from glass melt to cold cap: Gas evolution and foaming
journal, April 2019
- Hrma, Pavel; Klouzek, Jaroslav; Pokorny, Richard
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 102, Issue 10
Effect of sucrose on foaming and melting behavior of a low‐activity waste melter feed
journal, June 2019
- Appel, Connor J.; Kloužek, Jaroslav; Jani, Nikhil
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 102, Issue 12
Viscosity of glass‐forming melt at the bottom of high‐level waste melter‐feed cold caps: Effects of temperature and incorporation of solid components
journal, October 2019
- Lee, Seung Min; McCarthy, Benjamin P.; Hrma, Pavel
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 103, Issue 3
Modeling batch melting: Roles of heat transfer and reaction kinetics
journal, September 2019
- Pokorný, Richard; Hrma, Pavel; Lee, Seungmin
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 103, Issue 2