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Title: Sealing glass-ceramics with near linear thermal strain, Part II: Sequence of crystallization and phase stability

Abstract

A widely adopted approach to form matched seals in metals having high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), e.g. stainless steel, is the use of high CTE glass-ceramics. With the nucleation and growth of Cristobalite as the main high-expansion crystalline phase, the CTE of recrystallizable lithium silicate Li2O–SiO2–Al2O3–K2O–B2O3–P2O5–ZnO glass-ceramic can approach 18 ppm/°C, matching closely to the 18 ppm/°C–20 ppm/°C CTE of 304L stainless steel. However, a large volume change induced by the α-β inversion between the low- and high- Cristobalite, a 1st order displacive phase transition, results in a nonlinear step-like change in the thermal strain of glass-ceramics. The sudden change in the thermal strain causes a substantial transient mismatch between the glass-ceramic and stainless steel. In this study, we developed new thermal profiles based on the SiO2 phase diagram to crystallize both Quartz and Cristobalite as high expansion crystalline phases in the glass-ceramics. A key step in the thermal profile is the rapid cooling of glass-ceramic from the peak sealing temperature to suppress crystallization of Cristobalite. The rapid cooling of the glass-ceramic to an initial lower hold temperature is conducive to Quartz crystallization. After Quartz formation, a subsequent crystallization of Cristobalite is performed at a higher hold temperature. Quantitativemore » X-ray diffraction analysis of a series of quenched glass-ceramic samples clearly revealed the sequence of crystallization in the new thermal profile. In conclusion, the coexistence of two significantly reduced volume changes, one at ~220°C from Cristobalite inversion and the other at ~470°C from Quartz inversion, greatly improves the linearity of the thermal strains of the glass-ceramics, and is expected to improve the thermal strain match between glass-ceramics and stainless steel over the sealing cycle.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
OSTI Identifier:
1253125
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1253126; OSTI ID: 1325915; OSTI ID: 1401691
Report Number(s):
SAND-2016-1103J; SAND-2016-1104J; SAND-2016-9015J
Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7820; 619184
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC04-94AL85000
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Journal of the American Ceramic Society; Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7820
Publisher:
American Ceramic Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; glass-ceramics; crystals/crystallization; thermal expansion; thermal treatment; phase transformations; phase/transformations

Citation Formats

Dai, Steve Xunhu, Rodriguez, Mark A., and Griego, James M. Sealing glass-ceramics with near linear thermal strain, Part II: Sequence of crystallization and phase stability. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1111/jace.14364.
Dai, Steve Xunhu, Rodriguez, Mark A., & Griego, James M. Sealing glass-ceramics with near linear thermal strain, Part II: Sequence of crystallization and phase stability. United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14364
Dai, Steve Xunhu, Rodriguez, Mark A., and Griego, James M. Wed . "Sealing glass-ceramics with near linear thermal strain, Part II: Sequence of crystallization and phase stability". United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14364. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1253125.
@article{osti_1253125,
title = {Sealing glass-ceramics with near linear thermal strain, Part II: Sequence of crystallization and phase stability},
author = {Dai, Steve Xunhu and Rodriguez, Mark A. and Griego, James M.},
abstractNote = {A widely adopted approach to form matched seals in metals having high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), e.g. stainless steel, is the use of high CTE glass-ceramics. With the nucleation and growth of Cristobalite as the main high-expansion crystalline phase, the CTE of recrystallizable lithium silicate Li2O–SiO2–Al2O3–K2O–B2O3–P2O5–ZnO glass-ceramic can approach 18 ppm/°C, matching closely to the 18 ppm/°C–20 ppm/°C CTE of 304L stainless steel. However, a large volume change induced by the α-β inversion between the low- and high- Cristobalite, a 1st order displacive phase transition, results in a nonlinear step-like change in the thermal strain of glass-ceramics. The sudden change in the thermal strain causes a substantial transient mismatch between the glass-ceramic and stainless steel. In this study, we developed new thermal profiles based on the SiO2 phase diagram to crystallize both Quartz and Cristobalite as high expansion crystalline phases in the glass-ceramics. A key step in the thermal profile is the rapid cooling of glass-ceramic from the peak sealing temperature to suppress crystallization of Cristobalite. The rapid cooling of the glass-ceramic to an initial lower hold temperature is conducive to Quartz crystallization. After Quartz formation, a subsequent crystallization of Cristobalite is performed at a higher hold temperature. Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of a series of quenched glass-ceramic samples clearly revealed the sequence of crystallization in the new thermal profile. In conclusion, the coexistence of two significantly reduced volume changes, one at ~220°C from Cristobalite inversion and the other at ~470°C from Quartz inversion, greatly improves the linearity of the thermal strains of the glass-ceramics, and is expected to improve the thermal strain match between glass-ceramics and stainless steel over the sealing cycle.},
doi = {10.1111/jace.14364},
journal = {Journal of the American Ceramic Society},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}

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Works referenced in this record:

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  • Sensors, Vol. 19, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3390/s19010018