Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider

Swanekamp, S. B.; Angus, J. R.; Cooperstein, G.; Ottinger, P. F.; Richardson, A. S.; Schumer, J. W.; Weber, B. V.

doi:10.1063/1.4935893

Title: Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider

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Abstract

Kinetic, time-dependent, electromagnetic, particle-in-cell simulations of the inductive current divider are presented. The inductive current divider is a passive method for controlling the trajectory of an intense, hollow electron beam using a vacuum structure that inductively splits the beam’s return current. The current divider concept was proposed and studied theoretically in a previous publication [Phys. Plasmas 22, 023107 (2015)] A central post carries a portion of the return current (I₁) while the outer conductor carries the remainder (I₂) with the injected beam current given by I_b=I₁+I₂. The simulations are in agreement with the theory which predicts that the total force on the beam trajectory is proportional to (I₂-I₁) and the force on the beam envelope is proportional to I_b. For a fixed central post, the beam trajectory is controlled by varying the outer conductor radius which changes the inductance in the return-current path. The simulations show that the beam emittance is approximately constant as the beam propagates through the current divider to the target. As a result, independent control over both the current density and the beam angle at the target is possible by choosing the appropriate return-current geometry.

Authors:

^[1]; Angus, J. R. ^[1]; Cooperstein, G. ^[1];

^[1]; Richardson, A. S. ^[1];

^[1]; Weber, B. V. ^[1]

Naval Research Lab. (NRL), Washington, DC (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Nov 18 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Science (NA-113)

OSTI Identifier:: 1238584

Report Number(s):: SAND-2015-7836J
Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X; PHPAEN; 603700

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics of Plasmas

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 22; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; surface charge; double layers; current density; anodes; cathodes

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                    Swanekamp, S. B., Angus, J. R., Cooperstein, G., Ottinger, P. F., Richardson, A. S., Schumer, J. W., and Weber, B. V. Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.4935893.

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                    Swanekamp, S. B., Angus, J. R., Cooperstein, G., Ottinger, P. F., Richardson, A. S., Schumer, J. W., & Weber, B. V. Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935893

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                    Swanekamp, S. B., Angus, J. R., Cooperstein, G., Ottinger, P. F., Richardson, A. S., Schumer, J. W., and Weber, B. V. Wed .  
"Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935893.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1238584.

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@article{osti_1238584,

  title        = {Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider},

  author       = {Swanekamp, S. B. and Angus, J. R. and Cooperstein, G. and Ottinger, P. F. and Richardson, A. S. and Schumer, J. W. and Weber, B. V.},

  abstractNote = {Kinetic, time-dependent, electromagnetic, particle-in-cell simulations of the inductive current divider are presented. The inductive current divider is a passive method for controlling the trajectory of an intense, hollow electron beam using a vacuum structure that inductively splits the beam’s return current. The current divider concept was proposed and studied theoretically in a previous publication [Phys. Plasmas 22, 023107 (2015)] A central post carries a portion of the return current (I1) while the outer conductor carries the remainder (I2) with the injected beam current given by Ib=I1+I2. The simulations are in agreement with the theory which predicts that the total force on the beam trajectory is proportional to (I2-I1) and the force on the beam envelope is proportional to Ib. For a fixed central post, the beam trajectory is controlled by varying the outer conductor radius which changes the inductance in the return-current path. The simulations show that the beam emittance is approximately constant as the beam propagates through the current divider to the target. As a result, independent control over both the current density and the beam angle at the target is possible by choosing the appropriate return-current geometry.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.4935893},

  journal      = {Physics of Plasmas},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 22,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Nov 18 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Wed Nov 18 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

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