Detecting trihalomethanes using nanoporous-carbon coated surface-acoustic-wave sensors

Siegal, Michael P.; Mowry, Curtis D.; Pfeifer, Kent B.; Gallis, Dorina F. S.

doi:10.1149/2.0381506jes

Title: Detecting trihalomethanes using nanoporous-carbon coated surface-acoustic-wave sensors

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Abstract

We study nanoporous carbon (NPC) grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) as a sorbent coating on 96.5-MHz surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) devices to detect trihalomethanes (THMs), byproducts from the required chemical treatment of drinking water. Using both insertion-loss and isothermal-response measurements from known quantities of chloroform (CF), the THM with the highest vapor pressure, we optimize the NPC mass-density at 1.05 ± 0.08 g/cm³ via careful control of the background argon pressure during PLD. Precise THM quantities in a chlorobenzene solvent are injected directly into a separation column and detected as the phase-angle shift of the SAW device output compared to the drive signal. Using optimized NPC-coated SAWs, we study the CF response as a function of operating temperatures that range from 10 – 50 °C. Finally, we demonstrate individual responses from complex mixtures of all four THMs over three orders of magnitude of analyte masses after gas chromatography separation. Each THM detection limit is estimated, by extrapolating its isotherm to values three times the standard deviation of the instrumentation noise, to be 4.4 ng for CF to 1 ng for bromoform (BF) using a simple response peak-height evaluation, and 0.73 ng for CF to 0.003 ng for BF using an integrated-peakmore » response analysis.« less

Authors:

Siegal, Michael P. ^[1]; Mowry, Curtis D. ^[1]; Pfeifer, Kent B. ^[1]; Gallis, Dorina F. S. ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: Sat Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1235915

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1248827

Report Number(s):: SAND-2015-20772J; SAND-2014-3449J
Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4651; 558211

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 162; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats


                    Siegal, Michael P., Mowry, Curtis D., Pfeifer, Kent B., and Gallis, Dorina F. S. Detecting trihalomethanes using nanoporous-carbon coated surface-acoustic-wave sensors.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1149/2.0381506jes.

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                    Siegal, Michael P., Mowry, Curtis D., Pfeifer, Kent B., & Gallis, Dorina F. S. Detecting trihalomethanes using nanoporous-carbon coated surface-acoustic-wave sensors.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0381506jes

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                    Siegal, Michael P., Mowry, Curtis D., Pfeifer, Kent B., and Gallis, Dorina F. S. Sat .  
"Detecting trihalomethanes using nanoporous-carbon coated surface-acoustic-wave sensors".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0381506jes.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1235915.

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@article{osti_1235915,

  title        = {Detecting trihalomethanes using nanoporous-carbon coated surface-acoustic-wave sensors},

  author       = {Siegal, Michael P. and Mowry, Curtis D. and Pfeifer, Kent B. and Gallis, Dorina F. S.},

  abstractNote = {We study nanoporous carbon (NPC) grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) as a sorbent coating on 96.5-MHz surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) devices to detect trihalomethanes (THMs), byproducts from the required chemical treatment of drinking water. Using both insertion-loss and isothermal-response measurements from known quantities of chloroform (CF), the THM with the highest vapor pressure, we optimize the NPC mass-density at 1.05 ± 0.08 g/cm3 via careful control of the background argon pressure during PLD. Precise THM quantities in a chlorobenzene solvent are injected directly into a separation column and detected as the phase-angle shift of the SAW device output compared to the drive signal. Using optimized NPC-coated SAWs, we study the CF response as a function of operating temperatures that range from 10 – 50 °C. Finally, we demonstrate individual responses from complex mixtures of all four THMs over three orders of magnitude of analyte masses after gas chromatography separation. Each THM detection limit is estimated, by extrapolating its isotherm to values three times the standard deviation of the instrumentation noise, to be 4.4 ng for CF to 1 ng for bromoform (BF) using a simple response peak-height evaluation, and 0.73 ng for CF to 0.003 ng for BF using an integrated-peak response analysis.},

  doi          = {10.1149/2.0381506jes},

  journal      = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 162,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sat Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Sat Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

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