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Title: Discovery of a stellar overdensity in Eridanus-Phoenix in the dark energy survey

Abstract

Here, we report the discovery of an excess of main sequence turn-off stars in the direction of the constellations of Eridanus and Phoenix from the first year data of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The Eridanus-Phoenix (EriPhe) overdensity is centered around l ~ 285° and b~-60° and spans at least 30° in longitude and 10 deg in latitude. The Poisson significance of the detection is at least 9 sigma. The stellar population in the overdense region is similar in brightness and color to that of the nearby globular cluster NGC 1261, indicating that the heliocentric distance of EriPhe is about d~16 kpc. The extent of EriPhe in projection is therefore at least ~4 kpc by ~3 kpc. On the sky, this overdensity is located between NGC 1261 and a new stellar stream discovered by DES at a similar heliocentric distance, the so-called Phoenix Stream. Given their similar distance and proximity to each other, it is possible that these three structures may be kinematically associated. Alternatively, the EriPhe overdensity is morphologically similar to the Virgo overdensity and the Hercules-Aquila cloud, which also lie at a similar Galactocentric distance. These three overdensities lie along a polar plane separated by ~120° and maymore » share a common origin. Spectroscopic follow-up observations of the stars in EriPhe are required to fully understand the nature of this overdensity.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; « less
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
Contributing Org.:
The DES Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1234896
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1257727
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-15-392-AE; SLAC-PUB-16571
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357; arXiv eprint number arXiv:1509.04296
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11359; AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 817; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Astrophysics; galaxy: formation; galaxy: halo; galaxy: structure; galaxy: local group

Citation Formats

Li, T. S., Balbinot, E., Mondrik, N., Marshall, J. L., Yanny, B., Bechtol, K., Drlica-Wagner, A., Oscar, D., Santiago, B., Simon, J. D., Vivas, A. K., Walker, A. R., Wang, M. Y., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costa, L. N. da, DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Martini, P., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Reil, K., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, D., and Zhang, Y. Discovery of a stellar overdensity in Eridanus-Phoenix in the dark energy survey. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/135.
Li, T. S., Balbinot, E., Mondrik, N., Marshall, J. L., Yanny, B., Bechtol, K., Drlica-Wagner, A., Oscar, D., Santiago, B., Simon, J. D., Vivas, A. K., Walker, A. R., Wang, M. Y., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costa, L. N. da, DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Martini, P., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Reil, K., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, D., & Zhang, Y. Discovery of a stellar overdensity in Eridanus-Phoenix in the dark energy survey. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/135
Li, T. S., Balbinot, E., Mondrik, N., Marshall, J. L., Yanny, B., Bechtol, K., Drlica-Wagner, A., Oscar, D., Santiago, B., Simon, J. D., Vivas, A. K., Walker, A. R., Wang, M. Y., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costa, L. N. da, DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Martini, P., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Reil, K., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, D., and Zhang, Y. Wed . "Discovery of a stellar overdensity in Eridanus-Phoenix in the dark energy survey". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/135. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1234896.
@article{osti_1234896,
title = {Discovery of a stellar overdensity in Eridanus-Phoenix in the dark energy survey},
author = {Li, T. S. and Balbinot, E. and Mondrik, N. and Marshall, J. L. and Yanny, B. and Bechtol, K. and Drlica-Wagner, A. and Oscar, D. and Santiago, B. and Simon, J. D. and Vivas, A. K. and Walker, A. R. and Wang, M. Y. and Abbott, T. M. C. and Abdalla, F. B. and Benoit-Lévy, A. and Bernstein, G. M. and Bertin, E. and Brooks, D. and Burke, D. L. and Rosell, A. Carnero and Kind, M. Carrasco and Carretero, J. and Costa, L. N. da and DePoy, D. L. and Desai, S. and Diehl, H. T. and Doel, P. and Estrada, J. and Finley, D. A. and Flaugher, B. and Frieman, J. and Gruen, D. and Gruendl, R. A. and Gutierrez, G. and Honscheid, K. and James, D. J. and Kuehn, K. and Kuropatkin, N. and Lahav, O. and Maia, M. A. G. and March, M. and Martini, P. and Ogando, R. and Plazas, A. A. and Reil, K. and Romer, A. K. and Roodman, A. and Sanchez, E. and Scarpine, V. and Schubnell, M. and Sevilla-Noarbe, I. and Smith, R. C. and Soares-Santos, M. and Sobreira, F. and Suchyta, E. and Swanson, M. E. C. and Tarle, G. and Tucker, D. and Zhang, Y.},
abstractNote = {Here, we report the discovery of an excess of main sequence turn-off stars in the direction of the constellations of Eridanus and Phoenix from the first year data of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The Eridanus-Phoenix (EriPhe) overdensity is centered around l ~ 285° and b~-60° and spans at least 30° in longitude and 10 deg in latitude. The Poisson significance of the detection is at least 9 sigma. The stellar population in the overdense region is similar in brightness and color to that of the nearby globular cluster NGC 1261, indicating that the heliocentric distance of EriPhe is about d~16 kpc. The extent of EriPhe in projection is therefore at least ~4 kpc by ~3 kpc. On the sky, this overdensity is located between NGC 1261 and a new stellar stream discovered by DES at a similar heliocentric distance, the so-called Phoenix Stream. Given their similar distance and proximity to each other, it is possible that these three structures may be kinematically associated. Alternatively, the EriPhe overdensity is morphologically similar to the Virgo overdensity and the Hercules-Aquila cloud, which also lie at a similar Galactocentric distance. These three overdensities lie along a polar plane separated by ~120° and may share a common origin. Spectroscopic follow-up observations of the stars in EriPhe are required to fully understand the nature of this overdensity.},
doi = {10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/135},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 817,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Wed Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}

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  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 473, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx2353

Tails and streams around the Galactic globular clusters NGC 1851, NGC 1904, NGC 2298 and NGC 2808
journal, October 2017

  • Carballo-Bello, Julio A.; Martínez-Delgado, David; Navarrete, Camila
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 474, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx2767

Common origin for Hercules-Aquila and Virgo Clouds in Gaia DR2
journal, October 2018

  • Simion, Iulia T.; Belokurov, Vasily; Koposov, Sergey E.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 482, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty2744

Disentangling the Virgo Overdensity with rr Lyrae Stars
journal, November 2016


Stellar Streams Discovered in the Dark Energy Survey
journal, July 2018


Proper Motions of Stellar Streams Discovered in the Dark Energy Survey
journal, October 2019


Triangulum–Andromeda Overdensity: a Region with a Complex Stellar Population
journal, November 2019

  • Sales Silva, J. V.; Perottoni, H. D.; Cunha, K.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 886, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab4ada

The Virgo Overdensity Explained
journal, November 2019

  • Donlon, Thomas; Jo Newberg, Heidi; Weiss, Jake
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 886, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab4f72

Fitting the Density Substructure of the Stellar Halo with MilkyWay@home
journal, September 2018

  • Weiss, Jake; Newberg, Heidi Jo; Newby, Matthew
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 238, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/aadb92

Disentangling the Virgo Overdensity with RR Lyrae stars
text, January 2016


The Outer Envelopes of Globular Clusters. II. NGC 1851, NGC 5824 and NGC 1261
text, January 2017


Common origin for Hercules-Aquila and Virgo Clouds in Gaia DR2
text, January 2018


Fitting the density substructure of the stellar halo with MilkyWay@home
text, January 2018


Triangulum-Andromeda overdensity: a region with a complex stellar population
text, January 2019