Fighting Ebola with novel spore decontamination technologies for the military
Abstract
Recently, global public health organizations such as Doctors without Borders (MSF), the World Health Organization (WHO), Public Health Canada, National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the U.S. government developed and deployed Field Decontamination Kits (FDKs), a novel, lightweight, compact, reusable decontamination technology to sterilize Ebola-contaminated medical devices at remote clinical sites lacking infra-structure in crisis-stricken regions of West Africa (medical waste materials are placed in bags and burned). The basis for effectuating sterilization with FDKs is chlorine dioxide (ClO2) produced from a patented invention developed by researchers at the US Army Natick Soldier RD&E Center (NSRDEC) and commercialized as a dry mixed-chemical for bacterial spore decontamination. In fact, the NSRDEC research scientists developed an ensemble of ClO2 technologies designed for different applications in decontaminating fresh produce; food contact and handling surfaces; personal protective equipment; textiles used in clothing, uniforms, tents, and shelters; graywater recycling; airplanes; surgical instruments; and hard surfaces in latrines, laundries, and deployable medical facilities. These examples demonstrate the far-reaching impact, adaptability, and versatility of these innovative technologies. Here, we present the unique attributes of NSRDEC’s novel decontamination technologies and a Case Study of the development of FDKs that were deployed in West Africa by international public healthmore »
- Authors:
-
- U.S. Army Natick, Natick, MA (United States)
- Brandeis Univ., Waltham, MA (United States)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD (United States)
- Univ. of Connecticut, Farmington, CT (United States)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California San Francisco - Benioff, Oakland, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1234627
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1259663
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-668947
Journal ID: ISSN 1664-302X
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; 04-ERD-002
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-302X
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Ebola; decontamination technologies; spores; chlorine dioxide; military medicine; 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; chrloinedioxide
Citation Formats
Doona, Christopher J., Feeherry, Florence E., Kustin, Kenneth, Olinger, Gene G., Setlow, Peter, Malkin, Alexander J., and Leighton, Terrance. Fighting Ebola with novel spore decontamination technologies for the military. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00663.
Doona, Christopher J., Feeherry, Florence E., Kustin, Kenneth, Olinger, Gene G., Setlow, Peter, Malkin, Alexander J., & Leighton, Terrance. Fighting Ebola with novel spore decontamination technologies for the military. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00663
Doona, Christopher J., Feeherry, Florence E., Kustin, Kenneth, Olinger, Gene G., Setlow, Peter, Malkin, Alexander J., and Leighton, Terrance. Wed .
"Fighting Ebola with novel spore decontamination technologies for the military". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00663. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1234627.
@article{osti_1234627,
title = {Fighting Ebola with novel spore decontamination technologies for the military},
author = {Doona, Christopher J. and Feeherry, Florence E. and Kustin, Kenneth and Olinger, Gene G. and Setlow, Peter and Malkin, Alexander J. and Leighton, Terrance},
abstractNote = {Recently, global public health organizations such as Doctors without Borders (MSF), the World Health Organization (WHO), Public Health Canada, National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the U.S. government developed and deployed Field Decontamination Kits (FDKs), a novel, lightweight, compact, reusable decontamination technology to sterilize Ebola-contaminated medical devices at remote clinical sites lacking infra-structure in crisis-stricken regions of West Africa (medical waste materials are placed in bags and burned). The basis for effectuating sterilization with FDKs is chlorine dioxide (ClO2) produced from a patented invention developed by researchers at the US Army Natick Soldier RD&E Center (NSRDEC) and commercialized as a dry mixed-chemical for bacterial spore decontamination. In fact, the NSRDEC research scientists developed an ensemble of ClO2 technologies designed for different applications in decontaminating fresh produce; food contact and handling surfaces; personal protective equipment; textiles used in clothing, uniforms, tents, and shelters; graywater recycling; airplanes; surgical instruments; and hard surfaces in latrines, laundries, and deployable medical facilities. These examples demonstrate the far-reaching impact, adaptability, and versatility of these innovative technologies. Here, we present the unique attributes of NSRDEC’s novel decontamination technologies and a Case Study of the development of FDKs that were deployed in West Africa by international public health organizations to sterilize Ebola-contaminated medical equipment. FDKs use bacterial spores as indicators of sterility. We review the properties and structures of spores and the mechanisms of bacterial spore inactivation by ClO2. We also review mechanisms of bacterial spore inactivation by novel, emerging, and established non-thermal technologies for food preservation, such as high pressure processing, irradiation, cold plasma, and chemical sanitizers, using an array of Bacillus subtilis mutants to probe mechanisms of spore germination and inactivation. In conclusion, we employ techniques of high-resolution atomic force microscopy and phase contrast microscopy to examine the effects of γ-irradiation on bacterial spores of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Bacillus atrophaeus spp. and of ClO2 on B. subtilis spores, and present in detail assays using spore bio-indicators to ensure sterility when decontaminating with ClO2.},
doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2015.00663},
journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
number = ,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 12 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Wed Aug 12 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
Web of Science
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Effects of modification of membrane lipid composition on Bacillus subtilis sporulation and spore properties
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Characterization of Bacillus subtilis spore inactivation in low-pressure, low-temperature gas plasma sterilization processes
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- Journal of Applied Microbiology, Vol. 108, Issue 2
Bacterial spore structures and their protective role in biocide resistance: Spore structure and biocide resistance
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Allergy to Ethylene Oxide in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients
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Mechanism of killing of spores of Bacillus anthracis in a high-temperature gas environment, and analysis of DNA damage generated by various decontamination treatments of spores of Bacillus anthracis , Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Application of High Pressure with Homogenization, Temperature, Carbon Dioxide, and Cold Plasma for the Inactivation of Bacterial Spores: A Review: Sterilization with emerging technologies…
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