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Title: Mutations in global regulators lead to metabolic selection during adaptation to complex environments

Abstract

Adaptation to ecologically complex environments can provide insights into the evolutionary dynamics and functional constraints encountered by organisms during natural selection. Unlike adaptation to a single limiting resource, adaptation to a new environment with abundant and varied resources can be difficult to achieve by small incremental changes since many mutations are required to achieve even modest gains in fitness. Since changing complex environments are quite common in nature, we investigated how such an epistatic bottleneck can be avoided to allow rapid adaptation. We show that adaptive mutations arise repeatedly in independently evolved populations in the context of greatly increased genetic and phenotypic diversity. We go on to show that weak selection requiring substantial metabolic reprogramming can be readily achieved by mutations in the global response regulator arcA and the stress response regulator rpoS. We identified 46 unique single-nucleotide variants of arcA and 18 mutations in rpoS, nine of which resulted in stop codons or large deletions, suggesting that a subtle modulation of ArcA function and knockouts of rpoS are largely responsible for the metabolic shifts leading to adaptation. These mutations allow a higher order “metabolic selection” that eliminates epistatic bottlenecks, which could occur when many changes would be required. Proteomicmore » and carbohydrate analysis of adapting E. coli populations revealed an up-regulation of enzymes associated with the TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism and an increase in the secretion of putrescine. The overall effect of adaptation across populations is to redirect and efficiently utilize uptake and catabolism of abundant amino acids. Concomitantly, there is a pronounced spread of more ecologically limited strains that results from specialization through metabolic erosion. Remarkably, the global regulators arcA and rpoS can provide a “one-step” mechanism of adaptation to a novel environment, which highlights the importance of global resource management as a powerful strategy to adaptation.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [4];  [1];  [5];  [3];  [1];  [6]
  1. Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
  2. United States Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (United States); EXCET, Inc., Springfield, VA (United Kingdom)
  3. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  4. Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States)
  5. United States Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (United States)
  6. Univ. Paris Descartes (France)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1166862
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-106551
Journal ID: ISSN 1553-7404; 400403909
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
PLoS Genetics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1553-7404
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; proteomics; genome analysis; serial passage; laboratory evolution; Escherichia coli; adaptation

Citation Formats

Saxer, Gerda, Krepps, Michael D., Merkley, Eric D., Ansong, Charles, Deatherage Kaiser, Brooke L., Valovska, Marie -Thérèse, Ristic, Nikola, Yeh, Ping T., Prakash, Vittal P., Leiser, Owen P., Nakhleh, Luay, Gibbons, Henry S., Kreuzer, Helen W., Shamoo, Yousif, and Matic, Ivan. Mutations in global regulators lead to metabolic selection during adaptation to complex environments. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004872.
Saxer, Gerda, Krepps, Michael D., Merkley, Eric D., Ansong, Charles, Deatherage Kaiser, Brooke L., Valovska, Marie -Thérèse, Ristic, Nikola, Yeh, Ping T., Prakash, Vittal P., Leiser, Owen P., Nakhleh, Luay, Gibbons, Henry S., Kreuzer, Helen W., Shamoo, Yousif, & Matic, Ivan. Mutations in global regulators lead to metabolic selection during adaptation to complex environments. United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004872
Saxer, Gerda, Krepps, Michael D., Merkley, Eric D., Ansong, Charles, Deatherage Kaiser, Brooke L., Valovska, Marie -Thérèse, Ristic, Nikola, Yeh, Ping T., Prakash, Vittal P., Leiser, Owen P., Nakhleh, Luay, Gibbons, Henry S., Kreuzer, Helen W., Shamoo, Yousif, and Matic, Ivan. Thu . "Mutations in global regulators lead to metabolic selection during adaptation to complex environments". United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004872. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1166862.
@article{osti_1166862,
title = {Mutations in global regulators lead to metabolic selection during adaptation to complex environments},
author = {Saxer, Gerda and Krepps, Michael D. and Merkley, Eric D. and Ansong, Charles and Deatherage Kaiser, Brooke L. and Valovska, Marie -Thérèse and Ristic, Nikola and Yeh, Ping T. and Prakash, Vittal P. and Leiser, Owen P. and Nakhleh, Luay and Gibbons, Henry S. and Kreuzer, Helen W. and Shamoo, Yousif and Matic, Ivan},
abstractNote = {Adaptation to ecologically complex environments can provide insights into the evolutionary dynamics and functional constraints encountered by organisms during natural selection. Unlike adaptation to a single limiting resource, adaptation to a new environment with abundant and varied resources can be difficult to achieve by small incremental changes since many mutations are required to achieve even modest gains in fitness. Since changing complex environments are quite common in nature, we investigated how such an epistatic bottleneck can be avoided to allow rapid adaptation. We show that adaptive mutations arise repeatedly in independently evolved populations in the context of greatly increased genetic and phenotypic diversity. We go on to show that weak selection requiring substantial metabolic reprogramming can be readily achieved by mutations in the global response regulator arcA and the stress response regulator rpoS. We identified 46 unique single-nucleotide variants of arcA and 18 mutations in rpoS, nine of which resulted in stop codons or large deletions, suggesting that a subtle modulation of ArcA function and knockouts of rpoS are largely responsible for the metabolic shifts leading to adaptation. These mutations allow a higher order “metabolic selection” that eliminates epistatic bottlenecks, which could occur when many changes would be required. Proteomic and carbohydrate analysis of adapting E. coli populations revealed an up-regulation of enzymes associated with the TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism and an increase in the secretion of putrescine. The overall effect of adaptation across populations is to redirect and efficiently utilize uptake and catabolism of abundant amino acids. Concomitantly, there is a pronounced spread of more ecologically limited strains that results from specialization through metabolic erosion. Remarkably, the global regulators arcA and rpoS can provide a “one-step” mechanism of adaptation to a novel environment, which highlights the importance of global resource management as a powerful strategy to adaptation.},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1004872},
journal = {PLoS Genetics},
number = 12,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Thu Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}

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Cited by: 33 works
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Population genomics and population proteomics were used to identify the biochemical basis for phenotypic convergence and parallel evolution during adaptation to novel resource rich environments. Clones of two species, E. coli RU1 and C. freundii RU2, were isolated de novo from human stool. Single clones were used tomore » inoculate twelve replicated populations and evolved in LB or BHI for 500 or 765 generations respectively by daily transfers into fresh media. Adaptive mutations were identified as mutations that evolved repeatedly across species and media. We performed a mutation accumulation experiment by transferring a single colony of twelve replicated lines for 200 days as control experiment. The relaxed selection allowed the random accumulation of mutations, and makes the parallel evolution of adaptive mutations unlikely. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004872.g001« less

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Experimental Evidence for Sympatric Ecological Diversification due to Frequency-Dependent Competition in Escherichia coli
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Clonal Adaptive Radiation in a Constant Environment
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Diminishing Returns Epistasis Among Beneficial Mutations Decelerates Adaptation
journal, June 2011


Long-Term Dynamics of Adaptation in Asexual Populations
journal, November 2013


Epistasis and Allele Specificity in the Emergence of a Stable Polymorphism in Escherichia coli
journal, March 2014


Contingency and Determinism in Replicated Adaptive Radiations of Island Lizards
journal, March 1998


Natural Selection and Parallel Speciation in Sympatric Sticklebacks
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Adaptation of Enterococcus faecalis to Daptomycin Reveals an Ordered Progression to Resistance
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The Global Regulator ArcA Modulates Expression of Virulence Factors in Vibrio cholerae
journal, September 2003


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journal, September 1992


Polyamines in microorganisms.
journal, January 1985


Codon preferences in free-living microorganisms
journal, June 1990


The SEED: a peer-to-peer environment for genome annotation
journal, November 2004

  • Overbeek, Ross; Disz, Terry; Stevens, Rick
  • Communications of the ACM, Vol. 47, Issue 11
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The RpoS-Mediated General Stress Response in Escherichia coli
journal, October 2011


Characterizing and measuring bias in sequence data
journal, January 2013


The Genetic Basis of Thermal Reaction Norm Evolution in Lab and Natural Phage Populations
journal, June 2006


The Bacterial Response Regulator ArcA Uses a Diverse Binding Site Architecture to Regulate Carbon Oxidation Globally
journal, October 2013


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Rampant loss of social traits during domestication of a Bacillus subtilis natural isolate
posted_content, January 2019

  • Barreto, Hugo C.; Cordeiro, Tiago N.; Henriques, Adriano O.
  • bioRxiv
  • DOI: 10.1101/751438

A variable DNA recognition site organization establishes the LiaR-mediated cell envelope stress response of enterococci to daptomycin
journal, April 2015

  • Davlieva, Milya; Shi, Yiwen; Leonard, Paul G.
  • Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 43, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv321

Genome Plasticity of agr -Defective Staphylococcus aureus during Clinical Infection
journal, July 2018

  • Altman, Deena R.; Sullivan, Mitchell J.; Chacko, Kieran I.
  • Infection and Immunity, Vol. 86, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1128/iai.00331-18

Modularity of the life cycle
journal, July 2019


Rampant loss of social traits during domestication of a Bacillus subtilis natural isolate
journal, November 2020

  • Barreto, Hugo C.; Cordeiro, Tiago N.; Henriques, Adriano O.
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76017-1

Development of rapid and simple experimental and in silico serotyping systems for Citrobacter
journal, October 2018

  • Qian, Chengqian; Du, Yuhui; Li, Huiying
  • Future Microbiology, Vol. 13, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2018-0187

Data from: Mutations in global regulators lead to metabolic selection during adaptation to complex environments
dataset, December 2014

  • Saxer, Gerda; Krepps, Michael D.; Merkley, Eric D.
  • Dryad Digital Repository-Supplementary information for journal article at DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004872, 6 files
  • DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3mj3m

Genetic Adaptation to Growth Under Laboratory Conditions in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica
journal, April 2018


Disadvantages and benefits of evolved unicellularity versus multicellularity in budding yeast
journal, July 2019

  • Kuzdzal‐Fick, Jennie J.; Chen, Lin; Balázsi, Gábor
  • Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 9, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5322

Pathogenic Nocardia cyriacigeorgica and Nocardia nova Evolve To Resist Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole by both Expected and Unexpected Pathways
journal, April 2018

  • Mehta, H.; Weng, J.; Prater, A.
  • Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Vol. 62, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1128/aac.00364-18

Horizontal transfer of a pathway for coumarate catabolism unexpectedly inhibits purine nucleotide biosynthesis
journal, October 2019

  • Close, Dan M.; Cooper, Connor J.; Wang, Xingyou
  • Molecular Microbiology, Vol. 112, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14393

Evolution of a global regulator: Lrp in four orders of γ-Proteobacteria
journal, May 2016

  • Unoarumhi, Yvette; Blumenthal, Robert M.; Matson, Jyl S.
  • BMC Evolutionary Biology, Vol. 16, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0685-1

Natural Escherichia coli isolates rapidly acquire genetic changes upon laboratory domestication
journal, January 2017

  • Liu, Bin; Eydallin, Gustavo; Maharjan, Ram P.
  • Microbiology, Vol. 163, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000405

Data from: Mutations in global regulators lead to metabolic selection during adaptation to complex environments
dataset, December 2014

  • Saxer, Gerda; Krepps, Michael D.; Merkley, Eric D.
  • Dryad Digital Repository-Supplementary information for journal article at DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004872, 6 files
  • DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3mj3m

Disadvantages and benefits of evolved unicellularity versus multicellularity in budding yeast
journal, July 2019

  • Kuzdzal‐Fick, Jennie J.; Chen, Lin; Balázsi, Gábor
  • Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 9, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5322

Rampant loss of social traits during domestication of a Bacillus subtilis natural isolate
journal, November 2020

  • Barreto, Hugo C.; Cordeiro, Tiago N.; Henriques, Adriano O.
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76017-1

Piggybacking on Niche Adaptation Improves the Maintenance of Multidrug-Resistance Plasmids
journal, March 2021

  • Kloos, Julia; Gama, João A.; Hegstad, Joachim
  • Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol. 38, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab091

Evolution of a global regulator: Lrp in four orders of γ-Proteobacteria
journal, May 2016

  • Unoarumhi, Yvette; Blumenthal, Robert M.; Matson, Jyl S.
  • BMC Evolutionary Biology, Vol. 16, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0685-1

Investigation of Yersinia pestis Laboratory Adaptation through a Combined Genomics and Proteomics Approach
journal, November 2015


Development of rapid and simple experimental and in silico serotyping systems for Citrobacter
journal, October 2018

  • Qian, Chengqian; Du, Yuhui; Li, Huiying
  • Future Microbiology, Vol. 13, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2018-0187

Genetic Adaptation to Growth Under Laboratory Conditions in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica
journal, April 2018