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Title: Measurement of R = σ L / σ T and the separated longitudinal and transverse structure functions in the nucleon-resonance region

Journal Article · · Physical Review. C
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  1. American University, Washington, DC (United States); Hampton Univ., Hampton, VA (United States)
  2. Hampton Univ., Hampton, VA (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  3. Hampton Univ., Hampton, VA (United States)
  4. North Carolina A & T State Univ., Greensboro, NC (United States)
  5. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  6. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  7. Yerevan Physics Inst. (YerPhI) (Armenia)
  8. Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
  9. Vrije Univ., Amsterdam (Netherlands)
  10. Florida International Univ. (FIU), Miami, FL (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  11. American University, Washington, DC (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  12. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
  13. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  14. Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS (United States)
  15. Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
  16. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS (United States)
  17. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
  18. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)
  19. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
  20. Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  21. Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ (United States)
  22. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
  23. New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM (United States)
  24. Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  25. Ohio Univ., Athens, OH (United States)
  26. George Washington Univ., Washington, DC (United States)
  27. New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  28. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States); College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA (United States)
  29. Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
  30. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  31. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Here we report on a detailed study of longitudinal strength in the nucleon resonance region, presenting new results from inclusive electron-proton cross sections measured at Jefferson Lab Hall C in the four-momentum transfer range 0.2 < Q2 < 5.5 GeV2. The data have been used to accurately perform over 170 Rosenbluth-type longitudinal/transverse separations. The precision R = $$\sigma_{L} /\sigma _{T}$$ data are presented here, along with the first separate values of the inelastic structure functions F1 and FL in this regime. The resonance longitudinal component is found to be significant. With the new data, quark-hadron duality is observed above Q2 = 1 GeV2 in the separated structure functions independently.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Energy Research (ER); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357; AC05-84ER40150
OSTI ID:
836275
Report Number(s):
DOE/ER/40150-3076; JLAB-PHY-04-45; nucl-ex/0410027
Journal Information:
Physical Review. C, Journal Name: Physical Review. C Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 105; ISSN 2469-9985
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (117)

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The determination of σ LT /σ TT in electro-pion-production in the Δ-resonance region journal June 1997
Precision measurement of $R= \sigma_L/\sigma_T$ on hydrogen, deuterium, and beryllium targets in deep inelastic electron scattering journal April 1996
Estimating the effect of NNLO contributions on global parton analyses journal December 2000
Baryon form factors at high Q2 and the transition to perturbative QCD journal April 1993
Transverse momentum of jets in electroproduction from quantum chromodynamics journal May 1978
A precise extraction of R=σL/σT from a global analysis of the SLAC deep inelastic e-p and e-d scattering cross sections journal November 1990
Mass corrections to scaling in deep inelastic processes journal December 1976
Power corrections to the parton model in QCD journal November 1982
Unravelling higher twists journal February 1983
Erratum to: “Nuclear effects on R=σ/σ in deep-inelastic scattering” journal August 2003
Nuclear response functions for the N-N∗(1440) transition conference January 2006
The role of the Roper in QCD journal June 2005
Study of nucleon resonances with electromagnetic interactions journal May 2007
Target mass corrections journal March 2008
High Energy Elastic Scattering of Electrons on Protons journal August 1950
Empirical fit to the nucleon electromagnetic form factors journal January 1995
Exchange currents in nucleon electroexcitation journal August 2001
Measurement of the polarized structure function σ LT ′ for p ( e → , e ′ p ) π 0 in the Δ ( 1232 ) resonance region journal September 2003
Implications of the discrepancy between proton form factor measurements journal February 2004
Measurements of electron-proton elastic cross sections for 0.4 < Q 2 < 5.5 ( GeV ∕ c ) 2 journal July 2004
Accuracy of traditional Legendre estimators of quadrupole ratios for the N → Δ transition journal October 2005
Publisher's Note: Accuracy of traditional Legendre estimators of quadrupole ratios for theN→Δtransition [Phys. Rev. C 72, 048201 (2005)] journal November 2005
Experimental constraints on nonlinearities induced by two-photon effects in elastic and inelastic Rosenbluth separations journal February 2006
Low- Q scaling, duality, and the EMC effect journal March 2006
Electroproduction of η mesons in the S 11 ( 1535 ) resonance region at high momentum transfer journal July 2009
Applications of quark-hadron duality in the F 2 structure function journal September 2009
Electroexcitation of nucleon resonances from CLAS data on single pion electroproduction journal November 2009
Empirical fit to precision inclusive electron-proton cross sections in the resonance region journal May 2010
Freedom at moderate energies: Masses in color dynamics journal October 1976
Experimental studies of the neutron and proton electromagnetic structure functions journal October 1979
D waves in the nucleon: A test of color magnetism journal May 1982
Electroproduction of the Roper resonance as a hybrid state journal July 1992
Measurement of kinematic and nuclear dependence of R = σ L σ T in deep inelastic electron scattering journal June 1994
Measurements of the Δ ( 1232 ) transition form factor and the ratio σ n / σ p from inelastic electron-proton and electron-deuteron scattering journal June 1998
Parton distributions from deep-inelastic-scattering data journal July 2003
Parton-hadron duality in unpolarized and polarized structure functions journal January 2004
High-Energy Electroproduction and the Constitution of the Electric Current journal January 1969
Precocious Scaling, Rescaling, and ξ Scaling journal May 1976
Electroproduction of the Δ ( 1232 ) Resonance at High Momentum Transfer journal January 1999
Pion Cloud and the Q 2 Dependence of γ * N ↔ Δ Transition Form Factors journal November 1999
Evidence for Valencelike Quark-Hadron Duality journal August 2000
Experimental Verification of Quark-Hadron Duality journal August 2000
Q 2 Dependence of Quadrupole Strength in the γ * p → Δ + ( 1232 ) → p π 0 Transition journal March 2002
Diquarks and Exotic Spectroscopy journal December 2003
Investigation of the Conjectured Nucleon Deformation at Low Momentum Transfer journal January 2005
Longitudinal-Transverse Separations of Deep-Inelastic Structure Functions at Low Q 2 for Hydrogen and Deuterium journal April 2007
Studies of Nucleon Resonance Structure in Exclusive Meson Electroproduction journal June 2013
Unitary Isobar Model - MAID2007 text January 2007
Review of two-photon exchange in electron scattering text January 2011
Measurements of the Separated Longitudinal Structure Function F_L from Hydrogen and Deuterium Targets at Low Q^2 text January 2016
Determination of the Longitudinal Proton Structure Function F_L(x,Q^2) at Low x text January 1996
Nuclear Effects on R = sigma_L / sigma_T in Deep-Inelastic Scattering text January 1999
Are $Θ^+$ and the Roper resonance diquark-diquark-antiquark states? text January 2003
Quark-hadron duality in electron scattering text January 2005
The role of the pion cloud in electroproduction of the $Δ$(1232) text January 1996
Recoil Polarization Measurements for Neutral Pion Electroproduction at Q^2=1 (GeV/c)^2 Near the Delta Resonance text January 2005
A unitary isobar model for pion photo- and electroproduction on the proton up to 1 GeV text January 1998
Electroexcitation of nucleon resonances in the few GeV region journal December 1992
The determination of σ LT /σ TT in electro-pion-production in the Δ-resonance region journal June 1997
Precision measurement of $R= \sigma_L/\sigma_T$ on hydrogen, deuterium, and beryllium targets in deep inelastic electron scattering journal April 1996
Estimating the effect of NNLO contributions on global parton analyses journal December 2000
Baryon form factors at high Q2 and the transition to perturbative QCD journal April 1993
Transverse momentum of jets in electroproduction from quantum chromodynamics journal May 1978
A precise extraction of R=σL/σT from a global analysis of the SLAC deep inelastic e-p and e-d scattering cross sections journal November 1990
The role of the pion cloud in electroproduction of the Δ(1232) journal April 1996
Mass corrections to scaling in deep inelastic processes journal December 1976
Power corrections to the parton model in QCD journal November 1982
Unravelling higher twists journal February 1983
Determination of the longitudinal proton structure function FL(x,Q2) at low x journal February 1997
Nuclear effects on R=σL/σT in deep-inelastic scattering journal March 2000
Nuclear response functions for the N– transition journal August 2003
A unitary isobar model for pion photo- and electroproduction on the proton up to 1 GeV journal January 1999
Erratum to: “Nuclear effects on R=σ/σ in deep-inelastic scattering” journal August 2003
Are Θ+ and the Roper resonance diquark–diquark–antiquark states? journal January 2004
Quark–hadron duality in electron scattering journal January 2005
Review of two-photon exchange in electron scattering journal October 2011
The role of the Roper in QCD journal June 2005
Study of nucleon resonances with electromagnetic interactions journal May 2007
Target mass corrections journal March 2008
High Energy Elastic Scattering of Electrons on Protons journal August 1950
Empirical fit to the nucleon electromagnetic form factors journal January 1995
Exchange currents in nucleon electroexcitation journal August 2001
Implications of the discrepancy between proton form factor measurements journal February 2004
Measurements of electron-proton elastic cross sections for 0.4 < Q 2 < 5.5 ( GeV ∕ c ) 2 journal July 2004
Measurement of the polarized structure function σ L T ′ for p ( e ⃗ , e ′ π + ) n in the Δ ( 1232 ) resonance region journal October 2004
Accuracy of traditional Legendre estimators of quadrupole ratios for the N → Δ transition journal October 2005
Publisher's Note: Accuracy of traditional Legendre estimators of quadrupole ratios for theN→Δtransition [Phys. Rev. C 72, 048201 (2005)] journal November 2005
Experimental constraints on nonlinearities induced by two-photon effects in elastic and inelastic Rosenbluth separations journal February 2006
Low- Q scaling, duality, and the EMC effect journal March 2006
Recoil polarization measurements for neutral pion electroproduction at Q 2 = 1 ( GeV / c ) 2 near the Δ resonance journal February 2007
Electroproduction of η mesons in the S 11 ( 1535 ) resonance region at high momentum transfer journal July 2009
Applications of quark-hadron duality in the F 2 structure function journal September 2009
Electroexcitation of nucleon resonances from CLAS data on single pion electroproduction journal November 2009
Empirical fit to precision inclusive electron-proton cross sections in the resonance region journal May 2010
Measurements of the separated longitudinal structure function F L from hydrogen and deuterium targets at low Q 2 journal April 2018
Freedom at moderate energies: Masses in color dynamics journal October 1976
Experimental studies of the neutron and proton electromagnetic structure functions journal October 1979
D waves in the nucleon: A test of color magnetism journal May 1982
Electroproduction of the Roper resonance as a hybrid state journal July 1992
Measurement of kinematic and nuclear dependence of R = σ L σ T in deep inelastic electron scattering journal June 1994
Measurements of the Δ ( 1232 ) transition form factor and the ratio σ n / σ p from inelastic electron-proton and electron-deuteron scattering journal June 1998
Parton distributions from deep-inelastic-scattering data journal July 2003
Parton-hadron duality in unpolarized and polarized structure functions journal January 2004
High-Energy Electroproduction and the Constitution of the Electric Current journal January 1969
Precocious Scaling, Rescaling, and ξ Scaling journal May 1976
Precocious Scaling, Rescaling, and ξ Scaling. journal July 1976
Electroproduction of the Δ ( 1232 ) Resonance at High Momentum Transfer journal January 1999
Pion Cloud and the Q 2 Dependence of γ * N ↔ Δ Transition Form Factors journal November 1999
Evidence for Valencelike Quark-Hadron Duality journal August 2000
Experimental Verification of Quark-Hadron Duality journal August 2000
Q 2 Dependence of Quadrupole Strength in the γ * p → Δ + ( 1232 ) → p π 0 Transition journal March 2002
Diquarks and Exotic Spectroscopy journal December 2003
Investigation of the Conjectured Nucleon Deformation at Low Momentum Transfer journal January 2005
Longitudinal-Transverse Separations of Deep-Inelastic Structure Functions at Low Q 2 for Hydrogen and Deuterium journal April 2007
Unitary isobar model --MAID2007 journal October 2007
Studies of Nucleon Resonance Structure in Exclusive Meson Electroproduction journal June 2013

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72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
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cross sections
duality
nuclear structure and decays
nucleons
resonance
structure functions