Gaussian-process generative model for the QCD equation of state

Gong, Jiaxuan; Roch, Hendrik; Shen, Chun

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.111.044912

Title: Gaussian-process generative model for the QCD equation of state

Journal Article · 29 April 2025 · Physical Review. C

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.111.044912 · OSTI ID:3020046

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Northville High School, MI (United States); Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (United States)
Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (United States)

We develop a generative model for the nuclear matter equation of state at zero net baryon density using the Gaussian process regression method. We impose first-principles theoretical constraints from lattice quantum chromodynamics and hadron resonance gas at high- and low-temperature regions, respectively. By allowing the trained Gaussian process regression model to vary freely near the phase transition region, we generate random smooth crossover equations of state with different speeds of sound that do not rely on specific parametrizations. Here, we explore a collection of experimental observable dependencies on the generated equations of state, which paves the groundwork for future Bayesian inference studies to use experimental measurements from relativistic heavy-ion collisions to constrain the nuclear matter equation of state.

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Research Organization:: Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0021969; SC0024232

OSTI ID:: 3020046

Journal Information:: Physical Review. C, Journal Name: Physical Review. C Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 111; ISSN 2469-9985; ISSN 2469-9993

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
Collective models
Equations of state of nuclear matter
Hydrodynamic models
Quark-gluon plasma
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Title: Gaussian-process generative model for the QCD equation of state

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