When do waves drive plasma flows?

Ochs, Ian E.

doi:10.1063/5.0201780

Title: When do waves drive plasma flows?

Journal Article · 29 April 2024 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0201780 · OSTI ID:2567595

Flows and rotation, particularly E×B rotation, are critical to improving plasma performance, and waves are a primary tool of plasma control. Thus, it is paramount to understand under what conditions waves can drive E×B flows in plasmas. In this didactic review, an invited paper accompanying the 2023 Marshall N. Rosenbluth Doctoral Thesis Award, this question is answered in the context of momentum-conserving quasilinear theory. There are two primary frameworks for momentum-conserving quasilinear theories that can handle both resonant and nonresonant particles: Eulerian averaging theories and oscillation-center Hamiltonian theories. There are also two different paradigmatic wave problems: plane-wave initial value problems, and steady-state boundary value problems. Here, it is shown that each of these frameworks “naturally” works better with a different problem type. By using these theories, one finds a great difference in the behavior of time- vs space-dependent waves. A time-evolving plane wave can only drive flow if the electromagnetic momentum of the wave, given by the Poynting flux, changes. This result precludes flow drive by any planar electrostatic wave. In contrast, a steady-state spatially evolving wave can drive flow whenever there is divergence in the flux of Minkowski momentum, a completely different physical quantity. This review aims to provide a high-level, intuitive understanding of the very different behaviors observed for these two types of problem.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); USDOE; USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; AR0001554; FG02-97ER25308; NA0003764; NA0003871; SC0014664; SC0016072; SC0021248

OSTI ID:: 2567595

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 31; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of PhysicsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: When do waves drive plasma flows?

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