Alpha ketoacid decarboxylases: Diversity, structures, reaction mechanisms, and applications for biomanufacturing of platform chemicals and fuels

Ha, Khanh; Ryu, Seunghyun; Trinh, Cong T.

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108531

Title: Alpha ketoacid decarboxylases: Diversity, structures, reaction mechanisms, and applications for biomanufacturing of platform chemicals and fuels

Journal Article · 13 February 2025 · Biotechnology Advances

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108531 · OSTI ID:2530898

Ha, Khanh ^[1]; Ryu, Seunghyun ^[1]; Trinh, Cong T. ^[1]

University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

In living cells, alpha-ketoacid decarboxylases (KDCs, EC 4.1.1.-) are a class of enzymes that convert alpha-ketoacids into aldehydes through decarboxylation. These aldehydes serve as either drop-in chemicals or precursors for the biosynthesis of alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, and alkanes. These compounds play crucial roles in cellular metabolism and fitness and the bioeconomy, facilitating the sustainable and renewable biomanufacturing of platform chemicals and fuels. This review explores the diversity and classification of KDCs, detailing their structures, mechanisms, and functions. We highlight recent advancements in repurposing KDCs to enhance their efficiency and robustness for biomanufacturing. Additionally, we present modular KDC-dependent metabolic pathways for the microbial biosynthesis of aldehydes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, and alkanes. Lastly, we discuss recent developments in the modular cell engineering technology that can potentially be applied to harness the diversity of KDC-dependent pathways for biomanufacturing platform chemicals and fuels.

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Research Organization:: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; SC0022226

OSTI ID:: 2530898

Journal Information:: Biotechnology Advances, Journal Name: Biotechnology Advances Vol. 81; ISSN 0734-9750

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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