A Review of the Resuspension of Radioactively Contaminated Particles by Vehicle and Pedestrian Traffic—Current Theory, Practice, Gaps, and Needs

Kaminski, Michael D.; Daiyega, Nico; Magnuson, Matthew

doi:10.1097/hp.0000000000001797

Title: A Review of the Resuspension of Radioactively Contaminated Particles by Vehicle and Pedestrian Traffic—Current Theory, Practice, Gaps, and Needs

Journal Article · 31 March 2024 · Health Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/hp.0000000000001797 · OSTI ID:2530125

Kaminski, Michael D. ^[1]; Daiyega, Nico ^[2]; Magnuson, Matthew ^[3]

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Washington, DC (United States). Office of Research and Development; US Dept. of Homeland Security (DHS), Washington, DC (United States). Materials Management Division

Here, the resuspension of radioactively contaminated particles in a built environment, such as from urban surfaces like foliage, building exteriors, and roadways, is described empirically by current plume and dosimetry models used for hazard assessment and long-term risk purposes. When applying these models to radiological contamination emergencies affecting urban areas, the accuracy of the results for recent contamination deposition is impacted in two main ways. First, the data supporting the underlying resuspension equations was acquired for open, quiescent conditions with no vehicle traffic or human activities, so it is not necessarily representative of the urban environment. Second, mechanical disturbance by winds in urban canyons and during emergency operations caused by vehicle traffic and human activities are not directly considered by the equations. Accordingly, plume and dosimetry models allow the user to input certain compensating values, but the models do not necessarily supply users instructions on what values to use. This manuscript reviews the available literature to comprehensively and consistently pool data for resuspension due to mechanically induced resuspension applicable to urban contamination. Because there are few studies that directly measured radioactive resuspension due to vehicles and pedestrians, this review novelly draws on a range of other studies involving non-radioactive particles, ranging from outdoor air pollution emissions to indoor allergen transport. The results lead to tabulated, recommended values for specific conditions in the emergency phase to help users of plume and dosimetry models maintain the conservativeness needed to properly capture the potential radiation dose posed by mechanically induced resuspension. These values are of benefit to model users until better data are available. The results also suggest the types of data that may result in improved plume and dose modeling.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: US Department of Homeland Security (DHS); US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2530125

Journal Information:: Health Physics, Journal Name: Health Physics Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 126; ISSN 0017-9078

Publisher:: Health Physics SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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