Exploring orbital angular momentum and spin-orbit correlations for gluons at the Electron-Ion Collider

Bhattacharya, Shohini; Boussarie, Renaud; Hatta, Yoshitaka

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.111.034019

Title: Exploring orbital angular momentum and spin-orbit correlations for gluons at the Electron-Ion Collider

Journal Article · 12 February 2025 · Physical Review. D.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.034019 · OSTI ID:2516760

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In our previous work [S. Bhattacharya , ], we introduced a pioneering observable aimed at experimentally detecting the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of gluons. Our focus was on the longitudinal double spin asymmetry observed in exclusive dijet production during electron-proton scattering. We demonstrated the sensitivity of the $\cos ϕ$ angular correlation between the scattered electron and proton as a probe for gluon OAM at small $x$ and its intricate interplay with gluon helicity. This current work provides a comprehensive exposition, diving further into the aforementioned calculation with added elaboration and in-depth analysis. We reveal that, in addition to the gluon OAM, one also gains access to the spin-orbit correlation of gluons. We supplement our work with a detailed numerical analysis of our observables for the kinematics of the Electron-Ion Collider. In addition to dijet production, we also consider the recently proposed semi-inclusive diffractive deep inelastic scattering process, which potentially offers experimental advantages over dijet measurements. Finally, we investigate quark-channel contributions to these processes and find an unexpected breakdown of collinear factorization. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 2516760

Report Number(s):: BNL--227677-2025-JAAM; LA-UR--24-22343; 034019

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 111; ISSN PRVDAQ; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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