Entanglement enabled intensity interferometry in ultrarelativistic ultraperipheral nuclear collisions

Brandenburg, James Daniel; Duan, Haowu; Tu, Zhoudunming; Venugopalan, Raju; Xu, Zhangbu

doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013131

Title: Entanglement enabled intensity interferometry in ultrarelativistic ultraperipheral nuclear collisions

Journal Article · 03 February 2025 · Physical Review Research

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013131 · OSTI ID:2511185

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The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States)
University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook University, NY (United States)
Kent State University, OH (United States)

An important tool in studying the subfemtoscale spacetime structure of matter in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions is Hanbury Brown–Twiss (HBT) intensity interferometry of identical particles in the final state of the collisions. We propose that a variant of the entanglement enabled intensity interferometry (𝐸²⁢𝐼²) framework introduced by Cotler and Wilczek can provide a powerful alternative to HBT interferometry in extracting fundamental nonperturbative features of quantum chromodynamics at high energies. We apply this framework to demonstrate that the spatial distributions of color singlet (pomeron) configurations in nuclei are sensitive to measurements of exclusive resonant decays of 𝜌 mesons into 𝜋^± pairs in ultrarelativistic ultraperipheral nuclear collisions (UPCs) at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider. A preliminary analysis suggests that the model-independent extraction of pomeron distributions will require careful treatment of the interplay of 𝐸²⁢𝐼² in the vector meson exclusive decay with the incoherent cross section for exclusive vector meson production. The 𝐸²⁢𝐼² framework developed here is quite general. It can also be employed as a tool to extract information on the spin structure of pomeron couplings as well as enhance the discovery potential for rare odderon configurations from exclusive vector meson decays into few-particle final states both in UPCs and at the Electron-Ion Collider.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Kent State University, OH (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: NSF Nuclear Theory; Simons Foundation; US-Israel Binational Science Foundation; USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-89ER40531; SC0005131; SC0012704; SC0020081; SC0024189

OSTI ID:: 2511185

Report Number(s):: BNL--227520-2025-JAAM; BNL-225884-2024-JAAM

Journal Information:: Physical Review Research, Journal Name: Physical Review Research Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 7; ISSN 2643-1564

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Mapping the electromagnetic fields of heavy-ion collisions with the Breit-Wheeler process Brandenburg, J. D.; Zha, W.; Xu, Z. The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 57, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00595-5	journal	October 2021
First determination of the $${\rho }$$ρ parameter at $${\sqrt{s} = 13}$$s=13 TeV: probing the existence of a colourless C-odd three-gluon compound state: TOTEM Collaboration Antchev, G.; Aspell, P.; Atanassov, I. The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 79, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7223-4	journal	September 2019
Spin-dependent Pomeron and Odderon in elastic proton–proton scattering Hagiwara, Yoshikazu; Hatta, Yoshitaka; Pasechnik, Roman The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 80, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8007-6	journal	May 2020
A comprehensive model of soft interactions in the LHC era Gotsman, Errol; Levin, Eugene; Maor, Uri International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 30, Issue 08 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X15420051	journal	March 2015
Heavy Ion Collisions: The Big Picture and the Big Questions Busza, Wit; Rajagopal, Krishna; van der Schee, Wilke Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 68, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-101917-020852	journal	October 2018
The Color Glass Condensate Gelis, Francois; Iancu, Edmond; Jalilian-Marian, Jamal Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 60, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nucl.010909.083629	journal	November 2010
Physics of Ultra-Peripheral Nuclear Collisions Bertulani, Carlos A.; Klein, Spencer R.; Nystrand, Joakim Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 55, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nucl.55.090704.151526	journal	December 2005
FEMTOSCOPY IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION COLLISIONS: Two Decades of Progress Lisa, Michael Annan; Pratt, Scott; Soltz, Ron Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 55, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nucl.55.090704.151533	journal	December 2005
Chromatic interferometry with small frequency differences Qu, Luo-Yuan; Liu, Lu-Chuan; Cotler, Jordan Optics Express, Vol. 28, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.402560	journal	January 2020
Ultra-Peripheral Collisions with gold ions in STAR Klein, Spencer Proceedings of XXIV International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects — PoS(DIS2016) https://doi.org/10.22323/1.265.0188	conference	November 2016

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