Knocking out the carboxyltransferase interactor 1 (CTI1) in Chlamydomonas boosted oil content by fivefold without affecting cell growth
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- Aix‐Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix‐Marseille, UMR 7265 CEA Cadarache Saint‐Paul‐lez Durance France
- Aix‐Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix‐Marseille, UMR 7265 CEA Cadarache Saint‐Paul‐lez Durance France, Library of Marine Samples Korea Institute of Ocean Science &, Technology Geoje Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
Summary The first step in chloroplast de novo fatty acid synthesis is catalysed by acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACCase). As the rate‐limiting step for this pathway, ACCase is subject to both positive and negative regulation. In this study, we identify a Chlamydomonas homologue of the plant carboxyltransferase interactor 1 (CrCTI1) and show that this protein interacts with the Chlamydomonas α‐carboxyltransferase (Crα‐CT) subunit of the ACCase by yeast two‐hybrid protein–protein interaction assay. Three independent CRISPR‐Cas9 mediated knockout mutants for CrCTI1 each produced an ‘enhanced oil’ phenotype, accumulating 25% more total fatty acids and storing up to fivefold more triacylglycerols (TAGs) in lipid droplets. The TAG phenotype of the crcti1 mutants was not influenced by light but was affected by trophic growth conditions. By growing cells under heterotrophic conditions, we observed a crucial function of CrCTI1 in balancing lipid accumulation and cell growth. Mutating a previously mapped in vivo phosphorylation site (CrCTI1 Ser108 to either Ala or to Asp), did not affect the interaction with Crα‐CT. However, mutating all six predicted phosphorylation sites within Crα‐CT to create a phosphomimetic mutant reduced this pairwise interaction significantly. Comparative proteomic analyses of the crcti1 mutants and WT suggested a role for CrCTI1 in regulating carbon flux by coordinating carbon metabolism, antioxidant and fatty acid β‐oxidation pathways, to enable cells to adapt to carbon availability. Taken together, this study identifies CrCTI1 as a negative regulator of fatty acid synthesis in algae and provides a new molecular brick for the genetic engineering of microalgae for biotechnology purposes.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0023142
- OSTI ID:
- 2507495
- Journal Information:
- Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Name: Plant Biotechnology Journal Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 23; ISSN 1467-7644
- Publisher:
- Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
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