Finding gaps in the national electric vehicle charging station coverage of the United States

Hanig, Lily; Ledna, Catherine; Nock, Destenie; Harper, Corey D.; Yip, Arthur; Wood, Eric; Spurlock, C. Anna

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-55696-8

Title: Finding gaps in the national electric vehicle charging station coverage of the United States

Journal Article · 27 January 2025 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55696-8 · OSTI ID:2507090

;

; Harper, Corey D.;

; Wood, Eric;

Abstract The United States federal government has invested $7.5 billion into charging infrastructure, including the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Program, to build fast charging stations along designated highways for long-distance car travel. We develop a consecutive coverage metric to compute the percent of United States roads (traffic-weighted) that are consecutively accessible within 500 miles of each county. We answer (1) what the state of consecutive coverage is in each county and (2) what the increase in coverage is when designated highways receive fast chargers. In 2023, 10% of counties had at least 75% minimum viable coverage. We find that if all designated highways receive fast-charging stations, 94% of United States counties will reach at least 75% fast charger coverage. However, the remaining counties are rural. This demonstrates that federal funding for fast chargers will help connect most—but not all—counties to the national network of continuously accessible charging stations.

View Journal Article

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC36-08GO28308; EE0010640

OSTI ID:: 2507090

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5400-87707; 561; PII: 55696

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 16; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

References (31)

Barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of consumer attitudes and perceptions Egbue, Ona; Long, Suzanna Energy Policy, Vol. 48 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.06.009	journal	September 2012
The influence of financial incentives and other socio-economic factors on electric vehicle adoption Sierzchula, William; Bakker, Sjoerd; Maat, Kees Energy Policy, Vol. 68 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.01.043	journal	May 2014
How to support EV adoption: Tradeoffs between charging infrastructure investments and vehicle subsidies in California Ledna, Catherine; Muratori, Matteo; Brooker, Aaron Energy Policy, Vol. 165 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112931	journal	June 2022
It's not (all) about efficiency: Powering and organizing technology from a degrowth perspective Zoellick, Jan Cornelius; Bisht, Arpita Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 197 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.234	journal	October 2018
A survey-based assessment of how existing and potential electric vehicle owners perceive range anxiety Pevec, Dario; Babic, Jurica; Carvalho, Arthur Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 276 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122779	journal	December 2020
The impact of range anxiety and home, workplace, and public charging infrastructure on simulated battery electric vehicle lifetime utility Neubauer, Jeremy; Wood, Eric Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.01.075	journal	July 2014
Willingness to pay for electric vehicles and their attributes Hidrue, Michael K.; Parsons, George R.; Kempton, Willett Resource and Energy Economics, Vol. 33, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2011.02.002	journal	September 2011
Comparison of plug-in electric vehicle adoption in the United States: A state by state approach Vergis, Sydney; Chen, Belinda Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 52 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2015.10.003	journal	October 2015
Technological progress and other factors behind the adoption of electric vehicles: Empirical evidence for EU countries Almeida Neves, Sónia; Cardoso Marques, António; Alberto Fuinhas, José Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 74 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2018.12.001	journal	May 2019
A review of available chargers for electric vehicles: United States of America, European Union, and Asia Knez, Matjaz; Zevnik, Gašper Kozelj; Obrecht, Matevz Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 109 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.04.013	journal	July 2019
Electricity rates for electric vehicle direct current fast charging in the United States Muratori, Matteo; Kontou, Eleftheria; Eichman, Joshua Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.06.042	journal	October 2019
Sociotechnical convex hulls and the evolution of transportation activity: A method and application to US travel survey data Mulrow, John; Derrible, Sybil; Samaras, Constantine Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 149 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119789	journal	December 2019
Mitigate the range anxiety: Siting battery charging stations for electric vehicle drivers Xu, Min; Yang, Hai; Wang, Shuaian Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, Vol. 114 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2020.02.001	journal	May 2020
Anxiety vs reality – Sufficiency of battery electric vehicle range in Switzerland and Finland Melliger, Marc A.; van Vliet, Oscar P. R.; Liimatainen, Heikki Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 65 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.08.011	journal	December 2018
How many fast-charging stations do we need along European highways? Jochem, Patrick; Szimba, Eckhard; Reuter-Oppermann, Melanie Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 73 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.06.005	journal	August 2019
Determining the optimal electric vehicle DC-charging infrastructure for Western Australia Bräunl, Thomas; Harries, David; McHenry, Mark Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 84 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102250	journal	July 2020
The role of infrastructure to enable and support electric drive vehicles: A Transportation Research Part D Special Issue Muratori, Matteo; Greene, David; Kontou, Eleftheria Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 89 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102609	journal	December 2020
Long-term strategic planning of inter-city fast charging infrastructure for battery electric vehicles Xie, Fei; Liu, Changzheng; Li, Shengyin Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Vol. 109 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2017.11.014	journal	January 2018
Examining the barriers to electric truck adoption as a system: A Grey-DEMATEL approach Konstantinou, Theodora; Gkritza, Konstantina Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Vol. 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2022.100746	journal	January 2023
Comparing the levelized cost of electric vehicle charging options in Europe Lanz, Lukas; Noll, Bessie; Schmidt, Tobias S. Nature Communications, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32835-7	journal	September 2022
Hidden delays of climate mitigation benefits in the race for electric vehicle deployment Ren, Yue; Sun, Xin; Wolfram, Paul Nature Communications, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38182-5	journal	May 2023
Exploring decarbonization pathways for USA passenger and freight mobility Hoehne, Christopher; Muratori, Matteo; Jadun, Paige Nature Communications, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42483-0	journal	October 2023
On the potential of vehicle-to-grid and second-life batteries to provide energy and material security Aguilar Lopez, Fernando; Lauinger, Dirk; Vuille, François Nature Communications, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48554-0	journal	May 2024
Effects of expanding electric vehicle charging stations in California on the housing market Liang, Jing; Qiu, Yueming; Liu, Pengfei Nature Sustainability, Vol. 6, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-022-01058-5	journal	January 2023
Adoption of electric vehicles: Which factors are really important? Higueras-Castillo, Elena; Guillén, Alberto; Herrera, Luis-Javier International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, Vol. 15, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2020.1818330	journal	September 2020
The rise of electric vehicles—2020 status and future expectations Muratori, Matteo; Alexander, Marcus; Arent, Doug Progress in Energy, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/abe0ad	journal	March 2021
Review of Battery Charger Topologies, Charging Power Levels, and Infrastructure for Plug-In Electric and Hybrid Vehicles Yilmaz, Murat; Krein, Philip T. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 28, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2012.2212917	journal	May 2013
Understanding the Impact of Electric Vehicle Driving Experience on Range Anxiety Rauh, Nadine; Franke, Thomas; Krems, Josef F. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Vol. 57, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720814546372	journal	August 2014
National Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Analysis Wood, Eric W.; Rames, Clement L.; Muratori, Matteo https://doi.org/10.2172/1393792	report	September 2017
Quantifying the Tangible Value of Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Greene, David; Muratori, Matteo; Kontou, Eleftheria https://doi.org/10.2172/1829680	report	July 2020
The 2030 National Charging Network: Estimating U.S. Light-Duty Demand for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Wood, Eric; Borlaug, Brennan; Moniot, Matt https://doi.org/10.2172/1988020	report	June 2023

Similar Records

Standardized Protocol for Real-Time APIs as Required by Title 23 CFR 680.116(c)

Technical Report · 2024 · OSTI ID:2562138

Harris, Brennan; Chu, Kang-Ching (Jean); Legault, Nathan; +3 more

Electric Vehicle Charging Analytics and Reporting Tool (EV-ChART) Data Format and Preparation Guidance Version 5.0

Technical Report · 2025 · OSTI ID:2562144

None, None

Considerations for Corridor and Community DC Fast Charging Complex System Design

Technical Report · 2017 · OSTI ID:1484708

Francfort, Jim; Garetson, Thomas; Karner, Donald; +2 more

Related Subjects

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
electric vehicle infrastructure
electric vehicles
energy access
energy policy
fast charging stations

Title: Finding gaps in the national electric vehicle charging station coverage of the United States

Citation Formats

References (31)

Similar Records

Related Subjects