Interface diagnostics platform for thin-film solid-state batteries

Ferrari, Victoria C.; Lee, Sang Bok; Rubloff, Gary W.; Stewart, David M.

doi:10.1039/d4ee03915g

Title: Interface diagnostics platform for thin-film solid-state batteries

Journal Article · 06 January 2025 · Energy & Environmental Science

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee03915g · OSTI ID:2500933

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Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)

Understanding the impedances of battery materials and their interfaces remains a major challenge, usually addressed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) where frequency-dependent complex impedance of full battery cells is measured and then modeled by a network of connected electrical elements. As conventionally applied, this approach produces ambiguity in that (1) multiple different network configurations may fit the data convincingly and (2) the method offers no direct association of the electrical elements with physical features of the battery. Here we present a new methodology that resolves both sources of ambiguity, enabled by expanding the experimental scope to directly inform the configuration of elements and their parameters in the network model. We demonstrate this methodology using thin film fabrication of solid state battery devices patterned by shadow masked sputter deposition, so that diagnostic devices corresponding to individual interface and material components can be fabricated simultaneously with full cell batteries. EIS models for the diagnostic devices can then be connected to form full cell networks whose topology matches the well-known physical configuration of the battery. When connected in this way, the full network model – made from connecting the diagnostic device EIS models – fits the full cell EIS data. For the case of a thin film solid state battery composed of amorphous silicon anode, lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) solid electrolyte, and lithium vanadium oxide (Li_xV₂O₅) cathode, we show that the approach allows us to identify ionic impedance/conductivity of the cathode/electrolyte as a limiting impedance and the anode/electrolyte interface cycling instability as a primary degradation factor.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; SC0021070

OSTI ID:: 2500933

Journal Information:: Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Name: Energy & Environmental Science Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 18; ISSN 1754-5692

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
diagnostics protocol
impedance spectroscopy
interface characterization
interface kinetics
multilayer thin film batteries
solid-state battery
thin film device fabrication

Title: Interface diagnostics platform for thin-film solid-state batteries

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