Impact of Nutrition on the Gut Microbiota: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease

Sobral, Joana; Empadinhas, Nuno; Esteves, Ana Raquel; Cardoso, Sandra Morais

doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae208

Title: Impact of Nutrition on the Gut Microbiota: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease

Journal Article · 14 January 2025 · Nutrition Reviews

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae208 · OSTI ID:2500930

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Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and by the anomalous accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates into Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. Research suggests 2 distinct subtypes of PD: the brain-first subtype if the pathology arises from the brain and then spreads to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the body-first subtype, where the pathological process begins in the PNS and then spreads to the central nervous system. This review primarily focuses on the body-first subtype. The influence of the gut microbiota on the development of PD has been the subject of growing interest among researchers. It has been suggested that gut inflammation may be closely associated with pathogenesis in PD, therefore leading to the hypothesis that gut microbiota modulation could play a significant role in this process. Nutrition can influence gut health and alter the risk and progression of PD by altering inflammatory markers. This review provides an overview of recent research that correlates variations in gut microbiota composition between patients with PD and healthy individuals with the impact of certain nutrients and dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean diet, the Western diet, and the ketogenic diet. It explores how these diets influence gut microbiota composition and, consequently, the risk of PD. Last, it examines fecal transplantation and the use of prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics as potential therapeutic strategies to balance the gut microbiome, aiming to reduce the risk or delay the progression of PD.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Supply Chain

OSTI ID:: 2500930

Journal Information:: Nutrition Reviews, Journal Name: Nutrition Reviews; ISSN 0029-6643

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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